SEMINAR ON ‘‘Microbes of extreme

environment’’Presented by Mohammed Inzamamuddin

M.Sc. 3rd Semester Environmental ScienceSession 2015-2017

Department of Environmental ScienceUniversity Teaching Department

Sarguja VishwavidyalayaCOURSE TITLE: ENVIRONMENTAL

MICROBIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGYCOURSE CODE: ENV 303

COURSE TYPE: CCC

CONTENTS

• What are microbes• Types of microbes• Microbes are extreme environment• Thermophiles• Psychrophiles• Halophiles• Acidophiles• Alkaliphiles

What are microbes• Microbes are living organisms, so tiny you can’t see them without a microscope• They are so small we need a microscope to see them• Theyare different shapes and sizes• They are found EVERYWHERE!• Some microbes are useful or even good for us• Some microbes can make us ill

Types of microbes

1. Bacteria 3.Fungi

4.Algae 5.Protozoa

• There are 5 main types of microbes

2.Viruses

Microbes are extreme environment

4. Acidophiles

1. Thermophiles 2. Psychrophiles

3. Halophiles 5.Alkaliphiles

• Thermophiles (thermophilic bacteria) Bacteria that prefer temperatures above 55 °C and can tolerate temperatures up to 75–80 °C. Extreme thermophiles can live in boiling water, and have been isolated from hot springs.

Thermophiles

Ex- Alicyclobacillus

Psychrophiles

• Psychrophilic ("cold loving") microorganisms, particularly bacteria , have a preferential temperature for growth at less than 59° Fahrenheit (15° Celsius). Bacteria that can grow at such cold temperatures.

• Ex – Psychrobacter sp

Psychrobacter sp

Halophiles• Halophiles are organisms that live in extremely salty

environments. The name 'halophile' means 'salt-loving' in Greek. Halophiles are all microorganisms. Most of them are bacteria, while some are very primitive eukaryotes.

• Ex - halobacterium sp

Halobacterium sp

Acidophiles

• Acidophiles or acidophilic organisms are those that thrive under highly acidic conditions (usually at pH 2.0 or below).

• Ex - thiobacillus sp

Thiobacillus sp

Alkaliphiles

• Alkaliphiles are a class of extremophilic microbes capable of survival in alkaline (pH roughly 8.5-11) environments, growing optimally around a pH of 10.

• Ex – Natronomonas sp

Natronomonas sp

References • http://archive.bio.ed.ac.uk/jdeacon/microbes/thermo.htm• http://study.com/academy/lesson/thermophiles-definition-examples-application.html• https://www.boundless.com/microbiology/textbooks/boundless-microbiology-textbook/culturing-microorganisms

-6/temperature-and-microbial-growth-64/classification-of-microorganisms-by-growth-temperature-388-5509/• http://mmbr.asm.org/content/62/2/504.full• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halobacterium• http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0000336.html• http://serc.carleton.edu/microbelife/extreme/alkaline/index.html• http://www.yourdictionary.com/alkaliphile• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4453477/• https://www.google.co.in/search?

q=bacillus+megaterium+images&noj=1&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjig9_Rk8DOAhULRI8KHR1YDYsQsAQIIQ&biw=1366&bih=623

• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacillus_megaterium• http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0000402.html• Baross JA and Morita RY (1978) Microbial life at low temperatures: ecological aspects. In: Kushner DJ (ed.)

Microbial Life in Extreme Environments, pp. 9–71.• Breezee J, Cady N and Staley JT (2004) Subfreezing growth of the sea ice bacterium Psychromonas ingrahamii.

Microbial Ecology 47: 300–304.• Cavicchioli R (2006) Cold adapted archaea. Nature Reviews Microbiology 4: 331–343.‐• http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/thermophilic• http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O39-thermophiles.html

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