In the name of God

• Soft, spongy & elastic structure in thoracic cavity. • Lie on each side of the mediastinum .• Each lung is conical covered with visceral pleura.

• Apices-extend 1-2 cm past clavicles

• At end-expiration– 6th rib – midclavicular– 8th rib – laterally

• Posteriorly– Tops is at 1st vertebra

• Inferior border– Rises & falls betwee 9th &

12th rib

External Features apex base SurfacesCostal surfaceMediastinal surface BordersAnterior border Posterior border

Lobes & Fissures Right Lung Is slightly larger than the left & is divide bythe oblique & horizontal fissure into 3 lobes the upper, middle & lower lobes

Right Lung Root2 bronchi lie posterior. Pulmonary artery is superior 2 Pulmonary veins are inferior and anterior.

Left LungDivided by similar oblique fissure into 2 upper & lower lobes

Cardiac notch

Left Lung RootOne bronchi lie posterior. Pulmonary artery is superior .2 pulmonary veins are inferior and anterior.

Blood supply

The bronchi, CT of the lung & visceral pleura is supplied by bronchial arteries branches of thoracic aorta .

The bronchial vein drain into the azygos & hemiazygos veins .

Two pulmonary veins leave each lung root to empty into the left atrium .

Nerve supply

Pulmonary plexus composed of autonomic nerve fibers of sympathetic & parasympathetic (Vagus) both

Lymph Drainage

Two sets are present Superficial Drains the surface of the lungs

Deep Drains bronchial tree, pulmonary vessels & CT. Lymph drain into bronchomediastinal trunk & finally to thoracic duct, right lymphatic duct or brachiocephalic veins