Upload
lorenzino-vaccari
View
233
Download
4
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Presentation for the KidF Scientia in varietate, 2nd Knowledge in Diversity Workshop
Citation preview
Open geo-spatial data
Lorenzino [email protected]
28th November 2014
www.jrc.ec.europa.eu
Serving society
Stimulating innovation
Supporting legislation
Summary
Open Data
Geo Data
GIS
SDI
Geo (Open) Data
Summary
Open Data
Geo Data
GIS
SDI
Geo (Open) Data
http://www.webmapp.it/maps/dolomiti/map.html http://www.webmapp.it/maps/dolomiti/map.html
http://hot.openstreetmap.orghttp://hot.openstreetmap.org
HOT: Humanitarian OpenStreetMap TeamHOT: Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team
“OpenStreetMap is a free map of theworld, created by someone like you
“OpenStreetMap is a free map of theworld, created by someone like you
OpenStreetMap project creates and provides geographical data, such as road maps, freely available to anyone. Behind the establishment and growth of the project have been restrictions on use or availability of map information across much of the world and the advent of inexpensive portable satellite navigation devices.
OpenStreetMap project creates and provides geographical data, such as road maps, freely available to anyone. Behind the establishment and growth of the project have been restrictions on use or availability of map information across much of the world and the advent of inexpensive portable satellite navigation devices.
http://www.openstreetmap.org/ http://www.openstreetmap.org/
use
reuse“open” = redistribution
commercial reuse derivative works
BUT, may require: attribution share alike
“Is data that can be freely used, reused and redistributed by anyone – subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and
sharealike.
“Open data can help unlock $3 trillion to $5
trillion in economic value annually across seven sectors…”
“Open data can help unlock $3 trillion to $5
trillion in economic value annually across seven sectors…”
http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/open_data_unlocking_innovation_and_performance_with_liquid_information http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/open_data_unlocking_innovation_and_performance_with_liquid_information
5 Stars principles (Tim Bernes Lee)
Be demand driven
Put data in context
Support conversation around data
Build capacity, skills and networks
Collaborate on data as a com-mon resource
•Data structured, tools and support based on community needs and demands
•Ways of listening to people’s requests for data, and responding with open data?
• Provide metadata (e.g. frequency of updates, data formats and data quality)?
• Include qualitative information such as data creation, or data manuals?\• Link from data catalogue pages to analysis of the data?
• Can people comment on datasets, or create structured conversation around data?• Do you join the conversations?• Easy ways to contact the individual ‘data owner’?• Offline opportunities to have conversations that involve your data?
• Tools for people to work with your datasets?• How To guidance on using open data analysis tools?• Do you go out into the community to run skill-building sessions?• Do you sponsor or engage with capacity building?
• Have feedback loops so people can help you improve your datasets?• Collaborate with the community to create new data resources?• Provide support to people to build and sustain useful tools and services?• Work with other organisations to connect up your data sources.
5 Stars principles (Tim Davies)
Geographic DataGeographic Data
http://librodigital.oupe.es/ http://librodigital.oupe.es/
Represent either geographical features or phenomenoms: georeferenced & multidimensional, at least two coordinates must be specified to define a location
Represent either geographical features or phenomenoms: georeferenced & multidimensional, at least two coordinates must be specified to define a location
Geographical coordinates
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system
Spatial relationships
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_relation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatial_relation
HOW TO MANAGE GEOGRAHICAL DATA
GIS: a geographic information system
(GIS) is any manual or
computer based system designed to
store and manipulate
spatially referenced data.
How to manage Geo-Data: GISHow to manage Geo-Data: GIS
A geographic information system (GIS) integrates hardware, software, data and services to capturing managing, analyzing and displaying geographically referenced information
Computer based GIS
GeographyGeography
ArchitectureArchitecture Computer Science
Computer Science
MathematicsMathematics Civil EngineerCivil Engineer
Measurement and Surveying
Measurement and SurveyingStatisticsStatistics
GISGIS
Close range and remote
sensing
Close range and remote
sensing
Specific Interdisciplinary Knowledge
Voluminous, Unique analysis methods and data integration
http://www.tuflow.com/ http://www.tuflow.com/
GIS Data represents real world objects (e.g. roads, land use, elevation, trees, waterways, etc)
Data Representation
There are 2 broad methods used to store data in GIS– Vector data Model– Raster Data Model
Vector Data Representation
A coordinate based data model that representsgeographic features as points, lines, and polygons
1. Points (location of wells, schools, points of interests, etc
2. Lines (road centerlines, rivers, trails, streets, etc
3. Polygons (parcels, boundaries of cities, lakes, land use, etc)
Raster Data Representation
A spatial data model that defines space as an array of equally sized cells arranged in rows and columns. Each cell contains an attribute value and location coordinates
Most Common Spatial Data Formats
Vector
– Shape (ESRI)
– GML (Geographic Markup Language)
– RDF (Resource Description Format)
– KML (Keyhole Markup
Language)
Raster
– Geo TIFF (Geo Tagged Image Format)
– ASCII GRID (ESRI)
– TIN (ESRI)
– NETCDF
“The SDI provides a basis for spatial data discovery, evaluation, and application for users and providers within all levels of government, the commercial sector,
the non-profit sector, academia and by citizens in general”
-- The SDI Cookbookhttp://www.gsdi.org
Douglas NebertU.S. Federal Geographic
Data Committee Secretariat
What is a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)?What is a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)?
SDI: Network & spatial data services architecture
Europe needed a SDINatural Disasters and as well as other environmental phenomena do not stop at national borders!
20% of the EU citizens (115 million) live within50 Km from a border
70% of all fresh water bodies in Europe are part of a trans-boundary river basin !!
Building a European SDI is complexEurope is a patchwork of several countries with different traditions, cultures and socio-economic models
This is reflected in the different ways in which geo-spatial data is managed
INSPIRE Directive
• General rules to establish an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe for
• Community environmental policies • Policies or activities which impact on the
environment
• INSPIRE is built on the SDIs established and operated by the Member States
• Spatial data held by/on behalf of public authorities
• Does not require collection of new data
• INSPIRE is a Framework Directive– Detailed technical provisions in
Implementing Rules
Implementing Rules vs. Technical Guidelines
Cross-sector data interoperability
TN:Transport networks
EL:Elevation
BU:BuildingsSO:Soil
PF:Production and industrial facil it ies
AF:Agricultural and aquaculture
facil it ies
ER:Energy Resources
HB:Habitats and biotopes
SD:Species distr ibution
AM:Area management/ restriction/ regulation zones & reporting units
PD: Population Distr ibution
US: Util it ies and Governmental Services (Waste Management)
Urban Planning
Waste Management Plans
Environmental Impact Assessment
Risk Management
…
PRTR
SEVESO
Waste
INSPIRE dataData from other
sectors
Making data sets interoperable
• Problem: Users may not be able to understand or correctly interpret the used data model or symbology
• Solution: Data is made available according to common interoperability specifications Common (cross- domain) data models Common encodings (formats) Common symbologies
• Reference: INSPIRE Directive, Art. 7-10, IRs on interoperability of spatial data sets and services & INSPIRE data specifications
known
shared
documented
accessible
interoperable
• Timing: Annex I since Dec 2012 (if newly collected), Dec 2017 (all other data), Annex II+III: Oct 2015/Oct 2020
INSPIRE thematic scope Annex I
1. Coordinate reference systems
2. Geographical grid systems
3. Geographical names4. Administrative units5. Addresses6. Cadastral parcels7. Transport networks8. Hydrography9. Protected sites
Annex II1. Elevation2. Land cover3. Ortho-imagery4. Geology
Annex I II1. Statistical units2. Buildings3. Soil4. Land use5. Human health and safety6. Utility and governmental
services7. Environmental monitoring
facilities8. Production and industrial
facilities9. Agricultural and
aquaculture facilities10.Population distribution –
demography
11. Area management/ restriction/regulation zones & reporting units
12. Natural risk zones13. Atmospheric conditions14. Meteorological
geographical features15. Oceanographic
geographical features16. Sea regions17. Bio-geographical regions18. Habitats and biotopes19. Species distribution20. Energy Resources21. Mineral resources
Implementation 2012/2017
Implementation 2015/2020
Conceptual data models Registers
• objects types, properties & relationships
• cross-domain harmonization
• based on a common modelling framework
• managed in a common UML repository
Harmonised vocabularies
• achieve better interoperability than free-text and/or multi-lingual content
• allow additional terms from local vocabularies
• 400 code lists & almost 5000 values in central register
Encoding
• conceptual models independent of concrete encodings
• standard encoding: GML, but also possible to derive other encodings (e.g. based on RDF)
• provide unique and persistent identifiers for reference to resources
• allow their consistent management and versioning
Key pillars of data interoperability
• Key infrastructure component provide unique and persistent identifiers for resources allow their consistent management and versioning allow unambiguous references to items
The INSPIRE Report
http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/midterm-evaluation-report-on-inspire-implementation
http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/midterm-evaluation-report-on-inspire-implementation
21th Century Challenges
Geo (Open) Data (at Global level)Geo (Open) Data (at Global level)
http://www.slideshare.net/angeled/geosshttp://www.slideshare.net/angeled/geoss
The Group of Earth Observation (2005)
GEOSS promotes scientific connections and interactions between the observation systems that constitute the system of systems, and addresses some of the 21st Century Challenges
GEOSS also promotes the introduction of innovative scientific techniques and technologies in the federated observing systems.
The Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) provides the fundamental framework to integrate the earth observation efforts of the 84 GEO members and 61 Participating organizations on 9 Societal Benefit Areas
• Full and Open Exchange of Data, recognizing Relevant International Instruments and National Policies
• Data and Products at Minimum Time delay and Minimum Cost
• Free of Charge or minimal Cost for Research and Education
http://www.geoportal.org/web/guest/geo_home http://www.geoportal.org/web/guest/geo_home
GEOSS Data Sharing Principles
393 Resources
Documentation
Geo (Open) Data (at JRC)Geo (Open) Data (at JRC)
http://data.jrc.it/ http://data.jrc.it/
Harvesters
JRC Geo Catalog
Other sourcesOther
sourcesOther JRC sources
JRC Data Catalog (CKAN)
EU Open Data
Catalog
JRC Geo Providers
CNR Broker
(INSPIRE) Geo Proxy
CSW Virtual
EndPoints
CSWCSW
Open Data Portal
Other sourcesOther
sourcesOther JRC GEO sources
DRSDI
CID Repository
http://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat/
http://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat/
https://open-data.europa.euhttps://open-data.europa.eu
http://publicdata.eu/dataset http://publicdata.eu/dataset
*Source: European Commission Publication Office *Source: European Commission Publication Office
Data are MINE !
NOT exactly…
Juan Pane, Maurizio Napolitano (FBK), Michael Lutz (JRC),Robin Smith (JRC), Andrea Perego (JRC), Anders Friis-Christensen (JRC)
Credits:• https://okfn.org/• https://unsplash.com/ • https://www.rd-alliance.org/• http://pantonprinciples.org/• http://br.freepik.com/• http://epicgraphic.com• http://www.prescribinganalytics.com/ • http://global.census.okfn.org/• http://tt.spendnetwork.com/map.html• http://www.prescribinganalytics.com/• https://opencorporates.com/• http://www.socrata.com/blog/economic-impact-open-data/• http://www.wallpapermania.eu• http://montcomediation.org/images/MCMC_MyWayYourWay.jpg• http://www.icsu.org/• http://img.gawkerassets.com/img/182n8vzdlg1iojpg/original.jpg• http://netdna.webdesignerdepot.com/uploads/photo_manipulation/manipulation-9.jpg• http://www.geoportal.org/web/guest/geo_home • https://opensource.com/education/14/8/open-source-deep-academia?
utm_content=bufferd366b&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer
THANKS!!!!