Energy requirements of

poultry

Introduction:-•POULTRY FEEDINGEnergy requirement: Ration for poultry calculated on the basis of ME. Poultry eat to satisfy their energy needs when

fed free choice, thus must control the intake of all nutrients by including them in a definite proportion to available energy level..

High energy cereal grains are the principal energy sources.

Fat may can be added at levels of 3-8% to increase dietary energy concentrations.

Factors affecting feed intake:1-Energy levels in the ration: energy level feed intake energy level feed intake

FEEDING OF BROILERSME (Kcal/kg) Age / Nutrients

2800 Starter ration(0-3weeks)

3000 Grower ration(3-5 weeks)

3200 Finisher ration(5-7 weeks)

Energy feeds: Grain, grain by-products and animal &

vegetable fats and oils supply the most of energy in the poultry diets.

Corn is the most common grain used in formulating poultry diets

Other grains such as grain sorghum & wheat substituted part of corn

Animal & vegetable fats can be added in limited amounts (5-10% of the diet)

FEEDING OF BROILERS

Nutrient requirements of laying hens:1-Energy requirement: For maintenance (2kg wt.) = 220 Kcal For 1 g gain/day = 3 Kcal The usual energy conc. Is 2.8 Mcal ME/kg diet Energy conc. Than 2.3 Mcal energy intake & egg production

FEEDING OF LAYING HENS

Energy requirements of layers for maintenance calculation

• NEm requirements of adult hen=83×BW kg0.75 kcal/day.

• NEm requirements of 1.75 kg adult hen= 83×1.75 kg0.75 kcal/day=126kcal

• MEm requirements =126×82%= 126/0.82=154 kcal/day.

• Activity allowance is 50% of energy needed for basal metabolism and 37% for caged hens.

• Therefore total ME requirements for non laying hens =154+57=211.

• The energy content of a large egg = 86 kcal• Total ME requirement of laying hen=297

kcal/day

Energy requirements of broilers calculation

• Weight of broiler breeder is 2.5 kg• NEm :83×2.5

0.75 =83 × 1.99=165 kcal/day• MEm : 165/0.82=201 kcal/day.• Activity :50 % of MEm = 101 kcal per day• Total ME required = MEm + MEactivity + MEegg+ MEgain

=201+101+73+15 =390kcal/hen/day

FEEDING OF GEESE

They are largely herbivorous.–Goslings feed with limited diet throughout

the growing period.–Gosling are provided with adlibitum

consumption in confinement.

FEEDING OF GEESE NRC 1994

ME (Kcal/Kg diet)

Period

2900 0-4 W (starter)

3000 After 4 W (grower)

2900 Breeding

FEEDING OF DUCKSNRC 1994

ME (Kcal/Kg diet) Period

2900 0-2 W (starter)

3000 2-7 W (grower)

2900 Breeding

Energy requirements of turkeys•

•

• Nutrient requirement are higher because of their faster growth.

• The energy requirements at 0-4 weeks is 2800 kcal MEn per kg diet.

• The energy requirements of • Male turkey (20 – 24 weeks) and female

turkeys (17 to 20 weeks) are 3300 kcal MEn / kg diet.(NRC,1994).

Energy requirements of japanese quail

• Japanese quails reach body weight in about 5-6 week and starts laying eggs next 12 to 18 months.

• Energy requirements is 2750 kcal ME/kg. • Comparitively low levels of nutrients seem

satisfactory for egg production with metabolic energy 2650 kcal/kg.

Thank uSubmitted by:-Dr B.SUNIL KUMARTVM/2015-024DEPT OF LPM,SVVU.

Guided by:Dr.YugandharAsso Proffesor, Dept of Nutrition,CVSc, Tirupati, SVVU.