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Javier del Campo and Ramon Massana
Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Institut de Ciències del Mar
Resolving Species in Marine Protists
4th to 5th of December 2008
Nice
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
34 works based on clone libraries havebeen published since the first study ofthis kind appeared in 2001 since thebeginning of 2008.
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Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
contains a great variety of morphological types that historically has been
considered different orders and families. This large group of heterokonts are found mostlyon freshwater but also some heterotrophic members of this group have been consideredimportant members of marine communities such as Paraphysomonas. Its morphologicaldiversity includes presence of lorica or shells, filamentous organisms, non-motile ones, oramoeboids. Most of them are unicellular flagellates with one or two visible flagella.
are free-living unicellular or colonial heterotrophic flagellates
Opisthokonta. Are considered the metazoan closest relatives and because of that are amain object of study by evolutionary biologists. Its morphology is characterized by anovoid or spherical 3-10 um in diameter cell shape. Choanoflagellates caracteristicallyposes an apical flagellum surrounded by a collar. Aproximately around 125 specieshave been described since now living in marine, brakish and freshwater environments allaround the globe
are unicellullar organisms bearing two flagella that insert anterio-laterally.
One flagellum attaching to the substrate or lorica either directly or indirectly (via a thread ofmucus) to the substrate. Anterior flagellum creates currents of water from which particles areingested at a discrete ingestion area. Freshwater and marine. Three genera in two families:Bicosoecidae for the loricate taxa and the Cafeteriidae for the aloricate taxa.
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
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Other HNF
NAI/II
MAST
Choanos
Bicos
Chrysos
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Other HNF
NAI/II
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Chrysos
MO MO MO MO MA MO MO FO FO FA MO MO FA MO MO MO
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
Clade I
Clade H
Clade D
Clade E
Clade B2
Clade G
Clade F1
Clade F2
Clade A
Clade B1
Clade C
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
Clade 2
Clade 1
MACH 5
MACH 3
MACH 4
MACH 6
MACH 7
MACH 8
MACH 1
MACH 2
Clade 3
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
Freshwater
Cafeteria
Bicosoeca
Caecitellus
Boroka
Halocafeteria
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
Well-known cultured HNF representatives are not usually found in clonelibraries. That indicates that novel taxa are dominant in the aquaticenvironments.
Sequences corresponding to uncultured HNF constitute the emerging diversity.
This and other related studies indicates that most of the HNF are not cultured.Is extremely important to increase the culturing effort and assume that anstrong culturing bias is affecting the study of HNF.
Emerging diversity will probably appear in all protists lineages. A deep analysisof moleculars surveys is needed to improve protists phylogeny.
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
Develop FISH probes against novel groups as well against classical groups in marineenvironments to determine its importance in the sea.
Obtain in culture some of these new protists by using novel isolation and culturingtechniques, avoiding the classic ones.
Develop FISH probes against the obatined cultures and look for them at theenvironment to quantify its presence in the ocean.
Once obtained stable cultures we will carry out ecophysiological, morphological,ultrastuctural and molecular characterization
Resolving Species in Marine Protists4th to 5th of December 2008
VanessaBalagué
Dr. FernandoUnrein
Dr. FabriceNot
IreneForn
RaquelRodríguez
Prof. RamonMassana
thanks for
your attention
