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Compartmental Model for Chlamydia, a Sexually Transmitted Disease

Pérez-Ayala, Michelle C.1, Figueroa-Monsanto, Héctor L.2 and Cruz-Aponte, Maytee3

Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey1, Department of

Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey2 and Department of Mathematics-

Physics, University of Puerto Rico at Cayey3

+Biological Disease:

Chlamydia

Chlamydia Sexually transmitted disease (STD)

Direct contact with any area of the body with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis Child Birth Chlamydia is the most common sexually

transmitted disease (STD) in the world (Siam, 2012)

Chlamydia trachomatis Incubation period: 5-21 days

www.allposters.com

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Chlamydia in Puerto Rico and WorldwideSelected Data

• Puerto Rico – Individuals between de ages of 20-24 are the most susceptible (Department of Health, 2012)

• Worldwide – People that are 25 years old or less are the most susceptible (Occhionero et al. 2015)

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+ Susceptibility and Disease Symptoms

Females Blood flow between periods Pain: periods, sex, abdomen,

and urination Vagina itch

Males Pain: testicles and urination Penis: swelling, pain, burn,

itch, and transparent discharge

Urethritis: 55%www.newattitudes.co.uk imgkid.com

+Problems of C. trachomatis

Males Al-Mously (2015) studied the effect of Chlamydia

trachomatis on sperms to detect if the bacterium caused sub-fertility in men Viability and motility cannot be prevented by in vitro

fertilization

Females De Borborema-Alfaia (2013) study reflected a 3.4 % of

premature membrane rupture in Brazilian women around the age of 30 or less

Symptoms are not commonly reflected

Combined with C. psittaci could result in trachoma (Nittler et al. 2014)

+Treatment

s

Antibiotics

Recovered people could be susceptible again

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+Hypothesis

The compartmental model of chlamydia will differ significantly from the basic SIR model, due to the addition of the incubation compartment affecting the flow of the disease in a given population

+Objective

Create and use a compartmental model to demonstrate the tendency of the disease with susceptible, incubation period, infected, re-infected and recovered individuals from a population of 100 people

Create precautions Lessen the number of infected and re-infected

individuals Avoid infertilities

+Methodology:

Chlamydia Parameters and Model

Modified SIR Model Susceptible, Incubation Period, Infected and

Recovered

The compartmental model shows the flow of the disease

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www.nature.com

www.genitaldischarge.comwww.fancyicons.com

+ Schematic of disease dynamics: Mathematical

ModelS

E

I

R

α SI/N

βE

γI

μR

+ Schematic of disease dynamics: Parameters

+Results:

Chlamydia Disease Trend during an Incubation Period of

13 Days

S = Susceptible Individuals

E = Incubation Period

I = Infected Individuals

R = Recovered Individuals

+Chlamydia Disease Trend

during an Incubation Period of 5 Days

S = Susceptible Individuals

E = Incubation Period

I = Infected Individuals

R = Recovered Individuals

+Conclusion

The hypothesis was proven

The results showed that by increasing the incubation period from 5 days to 13 days

People were susceptible for a longer period of time: 55 days

The amount of infected and recovered individuals that maintained in equilibrium diminished

+Future Works

This model could be used for another assigned population with a different time range

This combined with the problems (e.g. infertility) mentioned about Chlamydia to create awareness

+Cited Literature

Al-Mously N, Eley A. 2015. Transient exposure to Chlamydia trachomatis can induce alteration of sperm function which cannot be stopped by sperm washing. Middle East Fertility Society Journal 20, 48-53. doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2014.04.003.

Borges V, Gomes JP. 2015. Deep comparative genomics among Chlamydia trachomatis lymphogranuloma venereum isolates highlights genes potentially involved in pathoadaptation. Infection, genetics and Evolution 32, 74-88. doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2015.02.026.

De Borborema-Alfaia APB, de Lima Freitas NS, Filho SA, Borborema-Santos CM. 2013. Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a simple of northern Brazilian pregnant women: prevalence and prenatal importance. Braz J Infect Dis 17(5):545-550. doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2013.01.014.

Departamento de Salud. 2012. Datos de Puerto Rico. http://www.estadisticas.gobierno.pr/iepr/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=RVOVIk8ka1A%3D&tabid=186.

+Cited Literature

Knittler MR, Berndt A, Böcker S, Dutow P, Hänel F, Heuer D, Kägebein D, Klos A, Koch S, Liebler-Tenorio E, Ostermann C, Reinhold P, Saluz HP, Schöfl G, Sehnert P, Sachse K. 2014. Chlamydia psittaci: New insights into genomic diversity, clinical pathology, host-pathogen interaction and anti-bacterial immunity. International Journal of Medical Microbiology 304, 877-893. doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.06.010.

Occhionero M, Paniccia L, Pedersen D, Rossi G, Mazzucchini H, Entrocassi A, Vaulet LG, Gualtieri V, Fermepin MR. 2015. Prevalencia de la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis y factores de riesgo de infecciones transmisibles sexualmente en estudiantes universitarios. Rev Argent Microbiol 47(1): 9-16. doi:10.1016/j.ram.2014.11.003.

Siam EM, Hefzy EM. 2012. The relationship between antisperm antibodies prevalence and genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in women with unexplained infertility. Middle East fertility Society Journal (2012) 17, 93-100. doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2011.09.003.

+Acknowledgments

Dr. Maytee Cruz-Aponte

Danilo Pérez-Rivera

• Dr. Eneida Díaz• Dr. Elena González• Dr. Robert Ross