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Brain fingerprinting Ankit Mbcs 4 th semester BBAU

Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017

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Page 1: Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017

Brain fingerprinting

Ankit Mbcs 4th semester

BBAU

Page 2: Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017

Introduction Brain fingerprinting was invented by Dr. Lawrence farwell. Brain Fingerprinting technology is based on an electrical signal

known as MERMER.

 Farwell's brain fingerprinting originally used the well-known P300 brain response to detect the brain's recognition of the known information.

Page 3: Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017

•  Farwell Brain Fingerprinting technology is a new scientific technology to detect whether specific information is stored in a person’s brain.  This technology can provide evidence to identify criminals and terrorists accurately and scientifically.  

•  Brain Fingerprinting testing measures brainwave responses to crime-relevant or terrorism-relevant words or pictures presented on a computer screen. 

•  To date, Brain Fingerprinting testing has not resulted in any incorrect determinations – there have been no false positives or false negatives.  It has provided highly accurate results in over 200 tests, including tests on FBI agents and tests sponsored by the CIA and the US Navy.  

• Brain Fingerprinting testing has been ruled admissible in court in a murder case.

Page 4: Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017

Principle Every time a crime is commented the best record o the brain of

the perpetrator. The memory centers of the human brain respond to the sight of

familiar stimuli with a distinct change in electrical activity which is called as a MERMER.

When the subject see anything on the screen it creates a pattern of the brain activity.

Page 5: Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017

Mermer mythology• Farwell discovered the P300-MERMER (memory & encoding

related multifaceted electrocephalographic response.

• A MERMER is an electric signals which is the part of the brainwave observed in response to familiar information.

• When the brain recognize something hand there is increased in neuron activity so elicit some changes in brainwave signals.

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Conti….. A suspect is tested by looking at three kinds of information represented by different colored lines: Red: Information the suspect is expected to know(target).

Green: Information not known to suspect(irrelevant).

Blue: Information of the crime that only suspect would know(probe).

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Working• To determine if a subject was present or has specific

knowledge concerning a crime words or pictures relevant to that crime are flashed on a computer screen.

• Three types of stimuli are used during the process.1. Probe2. Target 3. Irreverent stimuli

Page 8: Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017

Types of Stimuli Used• Probes

– Life-experience related– Relevant to the investigated event -recognizable and noteworthy only

for the subjects who had participated in the event (MERMER)– Indistinguishable from the Irrelevants for a subject who is not

knowledgeable about the situation under investigation • Targets

– Push a button to indicate known image – Since the relatively rare Targets are singled out in the task being

performed, the Targets are noteworthy for the subject, and each Target stimulus elicits a MERMER

• Irrelevant Stimuli – information relevant to the crime that the suspect claims to have no

knowledge of

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Person being tested wearing a special headband with electronic sensors.

Page 10: Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017
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Operating Mechanism

Picture/word shown to an individual (Stimulus)

Triggers neurons of brain

Generates brainwave (P300)

Electrical Potentials Accumulate in brain (MERMER)

Headgear fitted withElectrodes placed on scalp

P300 –MERMER(an scalp ERP EEG)Measures brainwaves

Generates analog

signals

EEG amplifier

Found Guilty/ Not guilty the data

Using a computer program

Study

Page 12: Brain fingerprinting by ankit 2017

WHAT IS EEG? Electroencephalography (EEG)

is the recording of electrical activity along the scalp.

EEG measures voltage fluctuations resulting from activation of neurons of the brain.

In this way, in our technique we use EEG sensors to detect brainwaves.

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• The neurons in the brain fire electrically, forming a vast network of electrical potential conduits.

• Electroencephalography (EEG) involves the measurement of these patterns of electrical voltage changes that originate in the brain.

• These measurements are made non-invasively from the scalp.• When the brain conducts certain tasks, specific patterns of EEG (or

“brainwave”) activity are produced.

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Phases of Brain Fingerprinting

There are four stages to Brain Fingerprinting:

1. Crime Scene Evidence Collection: Gathering evidences from crime scenes.

2. Brain Evidence Collection: A specialist checks whether the crime scene evidence matches evidence stored in brain.

3. Computer Evidence Analysis: Computerized analysis is done on the brain evidences and statistical methods are applied to move to the next phase.

4. Scientific Result: Finding whether the person is guilty or not guilty.

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• The entire Brain Fingerprinting System is under computer control. The computer control includes:

Presentation of the stimuli

Recording of electrical brain activity

Mathematical data analysis algorithm that compares the responses

of the 3 stimulus

Determination of information present or information absent

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Features & Applications

Brain fingerprinting" is a computer-based test that is designed to discover, document, and provide evidence of guilty knowledge regarding crimes, and to identify individuals with a specific training or expertise such as members of dormant terrorist cells or bomb makers. The National Security is one of the applications regarding this.

It has also been used to evaluate brain functioning as a means of early detection of Alzheimer's and other cognitively degenerative diseases, and to evaluate the effectiveness of advertising by measuring brain responses. It is applied in the Medical field.

Basically Brain fingerprinting is not lie detection. It is different from polygraph(lie-detector), which measures emotion-based physiological signals such as heart rate, sweating and blood pressure

It can help solve crimes.

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Limitations

Brain fingerprinting detects information-processing brain responses that reveal what information is stored in the subject's brain. It does not detect how that information got there. 

Brain fingerprinting does not detect lies. It simply detects information. No questions are asked or answered during a brain fingerprinting test.

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Reference

www.brainwavescience.comJournal of engineering & technology research vol.4(6). Dr. Lawrence farwell study in BFPThe Scientific Review of Mental Health Practice

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THANK YOUFOR YOUR ATTENTION..!!