Integrating Community Development and Transportation Strategies

Integrating Community Development and Transportation Strategies

TRB Annual MeetingTransportation and Land Development Committee

Wednesday, January 15, 2014 (4:30 – 6:00 pm)

R-B CORRIDOR 1970 R-B CORRIDOR TODAY

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The Community Development – Transportation Question

• Can communities support increased economic activity, improved environmental performance and quality of life while reducing reliance on auto travel and associated VMT growth?– In Arlington, the answer is yes, but it takes commitment and

continued innovation– Transportation infrastructure investments and services must be

closely aligned with development

• Are there other ancillary community benefits?– The reduced reliance on auto travel yields many other community

benefits: more efficient use of land, reduced environmental impacts, lower energy use, a lower carbon footprint, improved public health

Topics to be covered

• Overview of development and transportation in Arlington

• Selected community performance indicators

• Lesson learned• Areas for further investigation

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Context

• Arlington, Virginia – 25.8 sq. miles in area including federal lands• Continuing to grow – with over 276,000 residents and 308,000 jobs

projected by 2040 (212,900 residents and 228,700 jobs in January 2013)

• Over 88.5% of all housing/household/population growth and 96% of all employment growth forecasts for established transit districts (Rosslyn-Ballston, Jefferson Davis and Columbia Pike Corridors)

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

19701980199020002010202020302040

Households Residents Jobs

4

Development Concepts

• Concentrate high and mid-density redevelopment around transit stations (highly targeted) and taper down to existing neighborhoods

• Encourage a mix of uses and services in station areas

• Create high quality pedestrian environments and enhanced open space

• Preserve and reinvest in established residential neighborhoods

5

General Land Use Plan

Rosslyn-Ballston Corridor

Jefferson Davis Corridor

6

Columbia Pike

Development Characteristics

• 44.5 million sq. ft. of office space*, 41 million sq. ft. in Metro station areas* with over 4 million sq. ft. of supporting retail & services

• 108,000 housing units (over 43,000 in Metro station areas)• Over 3,250 housing units, 1.6 million sq. ft. of office, 190,000 sq. ft. of retail

under construction as of January 2013.

* Includes the Pentagon @ 5 million sq. Ft.

7

Transportation Facilities & Services – Expanding Travel Options

• 1,094 lane-miles of streets and 19

miles of HOV lanes

• Over 5,400 on-street metered parking

spaces

• 12 miles of Metrorail lines and 11

stations

• VRE commuter rail

• Extensive regional (Metrobus) and

local bus (ART) service

• And expanding car-share program

with over 86 cars

• A growing bikesharing program with

70 stations w/ 20 additional stations

funded• 50 miles of multi-use trails and 36

miles of on-street bike lanes and

sharrows

• Extensive and growing network of

sidewalks

8

• Residents – Over 212,900 in January 2013– Over 140,000 workers with 70% working outside the

County– Lowest resident drive-alone commute rate in all VA

regions– 46% residents use non-SOV as primary commute

mode

• Employees commuting to Arlington-based jobs – Over 228,700 jobs in 2013– 200,000+ jobs clustered around transit in Arlington’s

high-density corridors.– 160,000+ workers commute into Arlington daily Over

40% take transit, walk or bike to work.

• Visitors – 4 million plus visitors to Arlington National Cemetery– Over 10,500 hotel rooms used as a base for visitors

from outside the region– Many daily visitors from adjacent jurisdictions

• Through travelers & commuters

Transportation System Users

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Transportation System Use

• > 4 million vehicle-miles of travel per day • 220,000 Metrorail boardings/alightings• > 64,000 bus trips• > 3,000 commuter rail boardings/alightings• > 8,000 car-share members• > 200,000 transit-related walking trips• < 50% of all resident and worker trips in the Metro

Corridors by SOV

10


64,000 daily bus boardings


12

41,000 regional members 261,000 trips taken Oct. 2013


8,000+ Carsharing Members

Transportation Strategies to Influence Travel Patterns

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• Concentrate mixed use development around transit stations

• Create environments rich in travel choices

• Time transportation improvements including expansion of transit service to development

• Provide comprehensive travel information and encouragement

• Expand development-specific TDM requirements

• Increase focus on parking management (supply and pricing)

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View of Rosslyn-Ballston Metro Corridor

M

M

M

M

M

Lower Density ZoningLower Density Zoning

Potomac River

The Capitol

Ballston

Virginia Square

Clarendon

Courthouse

Rosslyn

Corridor Development

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Columbia Pike 2010 2040Population 36,000 71,900Housing Units 16,400 30,400Employment 9,600 11,500

Pentagon City &Crystal City

2010 2040Population 17,400 25,900Housing Units 13,100 20,000Employment 54,700 90,100

Corridor Development

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2010 2040Population 39,400 81,500Housing Units 22,600 42,700Employment 62,900 100,100

Quarter Mile from all Proposed Streetcar

Stations

Creating Environments Rich in Travel Choices

• Site Plan Development• County Infrastructure Investments• Expanded Transit Service• Support for Emerging Travel Options

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Location

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Rosslyn Station Access Improvements

20

LocationExisting

Planned View from Highland St. View of Escalators

Clarendon Metro Plaza Improvements

LocationBefore

After

Columbia Pike “Multimodal” Improvements

Location of Planned Alignment

Example of Streetcar Elsewhere

Rendering of Proposed 12th Street Station

Rte. 1/Crystal City Streetcar Conversion

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Providing Comprehensive Travel Information and Encouragement

• Sales – Arlington Transportation Partners

• Retail Commuter Information and Support – three commuter stores, one mobile store

• Operations & Logistics

24

• Marketing

• BikeArlington,

• WalkArlington,

• Carsharing,

• Bikesharing

• Transportation research• (Mobility Lab)

Providing Comprehensive Travel Information and Encouragement

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Requiring Development-Specific Transportation Demand Management

• Participation in County-wide Commuter Services programs

• Transit subsidies• On-site improvements

including sidewalk/streetscape and bicycle facilities

• On-site travel information• Parking management• Transportation

performance surveys

EPA – Potomac Yard (completed 2006)ATP participantEmployee transit subsidiesDedicated transitway and stationSidewalk and bicycle improvementsMarket-rate parking chargesOn-site transportation coordinator

TDM - Site Plan Development

• TDM Structure

– Work directly with Developers to mitigate transportation impacts

– Agree to a plan

– Actively monitor

– Document performance at year 2, 5 and every 5 years for the life of the project

• Objectives

– Reduce SOV trips

– Incorporate infrastructure features (showers, bike lockers, van accessible garages and carpool spaces)

– Promote participation in transit, carpooling, vanpooling and offer transit subsidies

– Provide information on transportation choices

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Standard Site Plan Conditions• Transportation Demand Management (TDM)

Contribution ($0.06 per sq ft) to Arlington County Commuter Services (on-going)

Bicycle parking/storage facilitiesSmarTrip cards for building employees ($65, one time)Performance monitoring studies

• Transportation InfrastructurePedestrian and bicycle infrastructureBus stops and sheltersContribution to traffic signals

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• Current Status– 120 active site

plans

– 60% of sites visited by staff

– 12% of sites were missing TDM plans

– 27% had new property managers

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Managing Parking

• Management of the on-street supply– Residential permit

parking– On-street metered

parking

• Influence off-street private parking– Parking information– Shared/public

parking – Pricing– Amount provided

The Development & Implementation of a

County Parking Management Plan

Master Transportation Plan

Plenary Group

September 19, 2005

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Base

$7,250

$12,500

$40,000

Base

$7,250

$12,500

$40,000

Parking > 1:1,000

1:1,001 – 1:1,250

1:1,251 – 1:1,900

Parking < 1:1,901

Reduced Parking Policy for Site Plan Office Buildings

Base

$7,250

$12,500

$40,000

Parking > 1:975

1:976 – 1:1,100

1:1,101 – 1: 1,800

Parking < 1:1,801

Parking > 1:630

1:631 – 1:780

1:781 – 1:1,200

Parking < 1:1,201

Less Parking

Greater Mitigation

Total contribution amount calculated on an annual cost over 30 years.

Selected Community Performance Indicators

• Economic & Social

• Transportation

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Unemployment

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

Arlington Virginia US

Note: Arlington through November 2012Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

Private Office Market Comparisons

Submarket

Office Inventory

SFVacancy

RateAverage

Asking Rate

Downtown Philadelphia 44,202,474 14.7% $26.10

Chicago Central Loop 41,099,407 13.1% $31.54

Washington CBD 38,710,591 11.5% $48.52

Boston CBD 37,473,147 12.7% $43.79

Arlington County 36,735,543 16.1% $41.13

Houston CBD 36,514,081 13.7% $33.09

Los Angeles Downtown 31,125,339 18.0% $34.32

Dallas CBD 29,799,042 28.1% $18.93

Denver Downtown 25,608,414 14.1% $25.45

Minneapolis CBD 23,348,562 17.4% $12.46

Seattle CBD 20,267,129 14.4% $31.891

Atlanta Downtown 18,377,678 24.6% $18.09

1Class A onlySource: CB Richard Ellis; Colliers International; 4th Quarter 2012

Apartment Market Comparisons

SubmarketExisting

UnitsVacancy

Rate

Average Effective

Rate

District of Columbia 130,330 5.0% $1,674

Prince George’s County 96,744 4.7% $1,258

Montgomery County 87,653 3.8% $1,595

Fairfax County 83,058 4.6% $1,622

Arlington County 52,567 3.8% $1,949

Alexandria City 38,270 4.6% $1,534

Prince William County 19,861 6.3% $1,303

Loudoun County 12,825 4.9% $1,483

Falls Church City 1,872 3.9% $1,767

Fairfax City 1,555 3.4% $1,613

Washington Metro 551,131 4.5% $1,541

Source: CoStar 10/21/13

Regional Apartment Availability

SubmarketExisting Units

Vacant Units

Vacancy Rate

Avg. Askin

g Rate

Avg. Effecti

ve Rate

RB Corridor 14,074 429 3.8% $2,295 $2,235

Washington East End 12,555 253 2.8% $2,238 $2,201

Bethesda/Chevy Chase

11,458 281 3.8% $2,143 $2,110

Crystal City/Pentagon City

9,739 443 5.0% $2,236 $2,185

Tysons Corner 7,750 402 7.2% $1,898 $1,867

Reston 6,692 199 5.3% $1,599 $1,541

Capitol Hill 4,188 157 5.8% $1,825 $1,800

Washington CBD 4,051 97 3.6% $2,134 $2,076

U Street/Cardozo 2,989 187 9.1% $2,020 $1,986

NoMa 2,909 415 18.8% $2,437 $2,412

Capitol Riverfront 2,643 358 19.3% $2,344 $2,244

Source: CoStar 10/21/13

Development Pipeline Summary

StageNo. of

Projects Office SF Retail SFOther

SFHousing

UnitsHotel

Rooms

Under Construction 15 748,108 168,308 0 2,836 0

Near-term Construction Starts 10 1,956,703 110,108 12,985 1,570 316

Awaiting Market or Phasing 16 3,995,598 186,745 389,072 1,727 300

Zoning Review 13 3,129,810 156,224 110,000 3,170 816

Total Pipeline 54 9,830,219 621,295 512,057 9,386 1,432

Source: Arlington Economic Development

Real Estate Tax Base

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 201335%

40%

45%

50%

55%

60%

65%

49%

52%53%

56%

59%60%

58%

55%54%

57%

54%

51% 51%

51%

48%47%

44%

41%40%

42%

45%46%

43%

46%

49% 49%

Residential Commercial/Apartment

Source: Arlington County Department of Management and Finance

Real Estate Tax BaseNorthern Virginia

Source: Arlington Economic Development

Alexandria City

Arlington County

Fairfax City

Fairfax County

Falls Church City

Loudoun County

Prince William County

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Commercial/Apartments Residential

Taxes from Business

TaxRevenue

($Mil)% of

Total Taxes

Real Estate $286.0 32.8%

Gross Receipts 61.5 7.0

Personal Property 34.3 3.9

Sales Tax 38.5 4.4

Meals Tax 32.8 3.8

Transient Occupancy 21.8 2.5

Commercial Utility 12.9 1.5

Other 17.2 2.0

Subtotal $505.2 57.9%

Source: Arlington County Department of Management and Finance

2012 Arlington Business Leaders Survey

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9 in 10 Residents Give Arlington County High Ratings for Overall Quality of Life

92%

1%

1%

5%

33%

59%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

1 - Poor

2

3

4

5 - Excellent

Q10 Overall, how would you rate the quality of life in Arlington County?

Long + Mini Survey

n = 4,325

2009 Arlington Residents Survey

43Source: LDA Consulting / SIR

Three-Quarters of Residents are Satisfied with Arlington’s Transportation System

2%

4%

19%

41%

34%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

1 - Not at all satisfied

2

3

4

5 - Very satisfied

Q11 How satisfied are you with the transportation system in Arlington County?

75%

Long + MiniSurvey

n = 4,204

Source: LDA Consulting / SIR

2009 Arlington Residents Survey – cont’d

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Daily Household Travel in the Greater Metropolitan Washington Region

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Auto Driver

Auto Passenger Transit

Walk/ Bike

School Bus/Other

CoreDistrict of Columbia 7.0 37.0 14.4 18.3 27.5 2.5 2.6 12.8 13.60%Arlington 7.8 52.9 16.5 10.7 16.6 3.3 4.1 21.6 5.26% - Rosslyn-Ballston Corridor 6.0 45.0 13.4 19.0 19.7 2.9 2.7 17.4 - Jefferson Davis Corridor 5.6 35.2 11.2 20.6 29.2 3.8 2.0 10.9 - Columbia Pike 6.5 58.2 16.0 11.3 12.1 2.4 3.9 21.2 - Shirlington 6.2 64.5 8.2 12.3 13.9 1.1 4.0 19.3 - Arlington outside activity centers 9.6 56.0 18.5 6.8 15.1 3.6 5.4 26.1Alexandria 7.1 56.1 16.9 9.2 15.9 1.9 4.0 22.1 3.60%

Inner SuburbsFairfax County 9.1 61.1 25.0 4.0 5.4 4.4 5.6 35.2 19.27%Montgomery County 9.4 57.4 23.0 5.7 9.4 4.5 5.4 33.3 18.89%Prince Georges County 8.3 58.1 25.2 6.5 5.8 4.5 4.8 36.3 16.80%

Outer SuburbsLoudoun County 8.8 63.3 26.4 1.3 3.9 5.2 5.6 50.1 5.42%Prince William County 9.9 59.7 28.9 2.2 4.1 5.1 5.9 51.0 8.13%Frederick County 9.8 64.7 25.0 1.3 4.8 4.2 6.3 57.4 2.67%Charles County 9.4 64.5 24.9 1.8 2.5 6.2 6.1 65.6 4.50%

Regional Average VMT per HH 34.19Arlington Ave HH VMT/Region Ave HH VMT 63.18%Arlington Metro Corridors HH VMT/Regional Average HH VMT 45.70%

updated - June 1, 2011Uses expanded Arlington dataset with new regional weighting factorsResults updated only for Arlington

% of of Daily Household Trips by Mode of TravelJurisdiction in the Greater Metropolitan Washington Region

Average Weekday Trips per

Household

Average Weekday

Auto Driver Trips*

Average Weekday

Auto Driver VMT

% of Regional

HH

Office Building Study

Overall Study Purposes• Learn about travel and parking behaviors and preferences of office

employees in commercial buildings.• Provide staff and decision-makers with useful local data about

influences on travel and parking behaviors.• Support a better understanding among the wider public about

transportation influences and outcomes, and their relationship to Countywide objectives and national standards.

Priority interest • Building and neighborhood area travel profiles• Influences on mode split• Role of parking in trip generation and mode choice• Role of transportation options in economic competitiveness

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Office Worker Travel Patterns by Station Area

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Resident Site Plan Building Study

• 16 buildings

• Voluntary online or paper survey

• 1,456 completes (overall response rate of 25% of adult residents)

• Full week of 24-hour garage data

Vehicle Trip Generation Actual vs. Standard

< 0.2 miles from Metrorail

> 0.2 miles from Metrorail;

in Metro Corridor

Outside Metro Corridor

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Weekday AM Weekday PM Saturday Sunday

Share

of

ITE S

tandard

(P

erc

ent)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Weekday Saturday Sunday

Share

of

ITE S

tandard

(P

erc

ent)

DailyPeak Hour

Source: 2013 Arlington County Residential Aggregate Study

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Street Segment

Street Type

1996 2001 2006 2009 2011/2012 % Change 1996-2012

Lee Hwy - Rosslyn

EW 6-lane arterial

37,770 33,632 32,428 34,000 31,951 -15.4%

Wash. Blvd – VA Sq.

EW 4-lane arterial

20,469 19,478 18,069 NA** 17,500 -14.5%

Clarendon Blvd.

EW 2-lane 1-way arterial

13,980 14,199 14,539 13,080 13,292 -5.0%

Wilson Blvd. - Clarendon

EW 2-lane 1-way arterial

16,368 16,265 13,797 12,194 12,603 -23.0%

Arlington Blvd.

EW 6-lane arterial

55,865 63,272 60,223 62,000 65,259 16.8%

Glebe Road - Ballston

NS 6-lane arterial

35,230 39,409 35,900 33,000 31,000 -12.0%

G. Mason Drive

NS 4-lane arterial

20,002 22,578 23,386 22,824 20,518 2.3%

• No dicernable pattern of growth on the local road system over the 15 year period** Location has no available data for 2009

Traffic Trends - Arterial Streets

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Street Segment

Street Type

1996 2001 2006 2009 2011/2012 % Change 1996-2012

Columbia Pike w/o Glebe

EW 5-lane arterial

32,000 22,612 28,000 28,000 NA -12.5%

Columbia Pike e/o Wash. Blvd.

EW 4-lane arterial

NA 13,000 12,000 12,000 10,000 -23.0%

Glebe Rd. s/o Columbia Pike

NS 4-lane arterial

29,000 32,000 28,000 26,000 27,000 -6.0%

Hayes Street n/o 15th St.

NS 6-lane arterial

21,426 14,200 13,900 NA 13,540 -36.8%

S. Eads Street n/o 18th St.

NS 4-lane arterial

NA 9,140 8,270 NA 9,230 .98%

Jeff Davis Hwy n/o Glebe Rd

NS 6-lane arterial

52,000 NA 44,000 43,000 44,000 -15.4%

Arlington Ridge Rd s/o 23rd Street

NS 2-lane arterial

14,584 12,570 13,250 NA 13,680 - 2.3%

• No dicernable pattern of growth on the local road system over the 15 year period

Traffic Trends - Arterial Streets

52

Transit Ridership Trends – Arlington-Related Trips

FY1996 Actual

FY 2001 Actual

FY 2006 Actual

FY 2009Actual

FY2012 Actual

FY2013Estimate % Growth

Metrorail Arlington Stations 45,335,000 56,278,412 60,864,000 61,935,000 61,014,000 61,929,275 36.6%

Metrobus Arlington Routes 12,049,000 11,614,599 13,221,100 16,135,000 15,056,000 15,206,378 26.2%

VRE – Crystal City 567,000 586,069 992,600 998,903 1,142,000 1,154,800 103.7%

Arlington Transit (ART)

105,000 147,813 926,600 1,428,800 2,537,000 2,660,000 2,571%

Total Annual Ridership 58,076,000 68,626,893 76,004,300 81,916,996 79,749,000 80,990,453 39.6%

• 2+% average annual growth across all transit services over the 17 year period• 40% of Virginia’s total annual transit ridership is from Arlington related trips

Growth in ART Local Transit Ridership

53

FY 05 FY 06 FY 07 FY 08 FY 09 FY 10 FY 11 FY 12 FY 130

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

674,806

926,5741,060,441

1,225,427

1,428,827

1,990,402

2,261,100

2,537,000

2,660,000

Fiscal Year

An

nu

al

Rid

ers

hip

Bicycle Usage on Trails – 2010 -2012

54

12% increase in selected trail use between 2011 and 2012

Custis Bon Air Custis Rosslyn W&OD East Falls Church

W&OD Bon Air0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

400000

450000

2011

2012

Bikeshare Usage

55

Lessons Learned – Effectiveness Coordinated Development & Transportation Strategies

• Arlington’s strategies have yielded substantial economic, transportation, and environmental

benefits - allowing continued growth with less reliance on auto trips, and more use of transit

and other travel options.

• It isn’t just one policy but many that contribute to enhanced performance such as:– Building mixed use environments with highest densities around transit stops

– Expanding viable and attractive transportation options

– Making user information readily available and providing ongoing education and encouragement

– Sustaining and strengthening transportation demand management (TDM)

– Actively managing parking

• Sustaining community performance requires ongoing investments in infrastructure.

• It’s not a short term commitment - to achieve the full benefits, it requires sustaining and

enhancing programs and policies over time

• It also requires ongoing community and institutional exposure to/and assimilation of best

practices from other communities in the US and abroad

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Areas for Further Investigation

• Improve trip generation guidance for urban transit-oriented mixed use developments and neighborhoods

• Incorporate actual site and neighborhood level performance into regional transportation models and project selection processes (better data, better models, improved decision-making)

• Fully account for the supply and cost of parking in transportation and community development

• Identify and document structural changes in the environment that would alter the assumptions about community development and transportation system use

57

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Contact Information:

Dennis M. Leach, AICPDirector of TransportationArlington County Department of Environmental Services Division of Transportation & [email protected]