ZIKA VIRUS: AN EPIDEMIC

THREAT

Presented by: Dr. Tanzil SajjadMPH (CM)

Assistant ProfessorDept of Community Medicine

Sylhet Women’s Medical College

AREAS OF ZIKA VIRUS

Source: http://search.cdc.gov/search?affiliate=cdcain&page=6&query=Zika+Virus&utf8=%E2%9C%93

HISTORY OF ZIKA VIRUS Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavi virus

first isolated in Uganda from a sentinel monkey in 1947. Mosquito and sentinel animal surveillance

Genetic and Serologic Properties of Zika Virus Associated ... wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/content/14/8/1232-t2.html

Zika Virus Infection :Zika virus is spread to people through mosquito bites. The most common symptoms of Zika virus disease (Zika) are fever, rash, joint pain, and red eye. Source: www.cdc.gov/zika

Zika Virus Infection and PregnancyZika is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. It can also be transmitted from a pregnant mother to her baby during pregnancy or around the time of birth. Source: www.cdc.gov/zika/pregnancy/index.html

For Pregnant Women:Information on Zika virus. Provided by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Source: www.cdc.gov/zika/pregnancy/index.html/

INTERIM GUIDELINES FOR PREGNANT WOMEN DURING A ZIKA VIRUS

OUTBREAK CDC has developed interim guidelines for health

care providers in the United States caring for pregnant women during a Zika virus outbreak. These guidelines include recommendations for pregnant women considering travel to an area with Zika virus transmission and recommendations for screening, testing, and management of pregnant returning travelers. Updates on areas with ongoing Zika virus transmission are available online (http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/). Source: Weekly / January 22, 2016 / 65(2);30–33 On January 19, 2016, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr

EMERGENCY DECLARED OVER BIRTH DEFECTS TIED TO ZIKA:

The World Health Organization took the unusual step on Monday of declaring an international public health emergency in response to reports of clusters of brain damage in infants linked to the rapidly spreading Zika virus.

The condition, called microcephaly, develops before birth and causes small heads and brains in babies. It's considered rare, but Brazil has seen an apparent spike in cases since the mosquito-borne Zika virus was first reported in the country in May.

Emmergency declared over birth defects tied to ZIKA virus

EMERGENCY DECLARED OVER BIRTH DEFECTS TIED TO ZIKA:

More than 4,000 cases of microcephaly in Brazil are believed to be related the Zika virus, according to media reports. Health officials are still in the process of doing the painstaking and slow work of verifying those cases and linking them to Zika.

So far, just 270 have been verified to be microcephaly in women who were exposed to the virus. More than 3,400 still need to be confirmed.

BRAIN IN ZIKA VIRUS INFECTION

This genus are transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected Aedes aegypti mosquito. These viruses are maintained in nature by replicating alternately in an arthropod vector and a vertebrate host. For effective transmission the virus must be present in the bloodstream of the vertebrate host (viremia) in sufficiently high titer to be taken up in the small volume of blood ingested during an insect bite.