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College English Writing

The Writing Process

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Page 1: The Writing Process

College English Writing

Page 2: The Writing Process

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To introduce the course

To learn the writing process

Teaching Objectives

11

22

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How do you write?

Directions:

Write down your responses to the following questions. When you are finished, compare your responses with those of one classmate. (You will report to the class.)

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1.When you sit down to write English compositions, how do you start?

(For example, do you just write? Do you make an outline first? Do you put off writing until the last possible minute? Do you use some prewriting techniques? )

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2.What do you do while you write?

(For instance, do you take breaks often? Do you show a friend what you’re working on? Do you look up a dictionary when you are not sure of the meaning of a word?)

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3.How do you feel after you finish writing?

(Relieved? Satisfied? Happy with what you’ve written? Just glad it’s over with?)

4. What do you do with your first draft?

(Revise ? Throw it away? Ask your classmates to comment on it?)

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Share with the class

Go to the topic directly.Write down whatever comes to my mind.Think about the topic for several seconds.Make a plan first.I feel so relieved when I finish my writing work.I never spend time on the finished copy.I will read my manuscript several times to check

whether there are some errors.…

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The Writing Process

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The Writing Process

Writing Process

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The Writing ProcessWriting Process

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In-class task 1

fear

love

shock

sadness

lonelinessanger

sympathy

surprise

bitternessgreed

pride disappointment

Writing Process

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In-class task 1

Directions: Think of an experience or event in your life in

which you felt a certain emotion---

disappointment, embarrassment,

happiness, frustration…. Then spend ten minutes prewriting the

experience.

Writing Process

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Writing Process

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Addressing your audience

To best communicate with your audience, put yourself in their place. Think about what your readers need or want to know about the subject. Consider also the language that would best communicate your ideas to them.

Questions Chart

1. Whom am I writing for?

2. How much do they know about me?

3. What writing style should I use?

.

4. What vocabulary is appropriate?

Writing Process

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Addressing your audience

Questions Chart (with sample answers)

1. Whom am I writing for?

My class

Not much. I’ll have to present a vivid description and character sketch of myself.

2. How much do they know about me?

I’ll use a humorous, informal, conversational style to make them interested in what I’m saying

3. What writing style should I use?

Words they understand, especially some contractions and slang to put across the way I speak, learn, and think.

4. What vocabulary is appropriate?

Writing Process

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Topic: an experience evoking a certain emotion

Audience My class

Purpose

To share an interesting experience

Audience Editors of a newspaper

Purpose

To publish my story

Writing Process

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Version 1 (P24)Writing Process

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Version 2 (P24)Writing Process

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Freewriting

Freewriting, thinking on paper, means jotting down in rough sentences or phrases everything that comes to mind about a possible topic.

Writing Process

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Freewriting session

Directions: You are given five minutes to write down anything that comes to your mind about the topic---an experience that evokes certain emotions.

Writing Process

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I’d like to write about my nervousness. There are so many occasions about which I feel nervous. For example, when I deliver a speech in public, I feel nervous; when I attend an important examination, I feel uneasy and nervous. But I want to write about my bitter but sweet experience. The summer of 2007 was a season I will never forget. When I visited London, I was pick pocketed and I nearly lost everything that I needed to live in a foreign country----all the money, ID card, and credit cards. You know what I felt at that moment, desperate. Right! Desperate!

Writing Process

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Questioning

In questioning, you generate ideas and details by asking questions about your subject.

Writing Process

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Questioning

Why do I think it is a bitter and sweet experience?

I lost all my money, but won friendship.What happened?

I was pick pocketed in London.What was I doing when being pick pocketed?

I was watching the exchange ceremony in Trafalgar Square….

Writing Process

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Memorable Events

Eighth-grade

graduation

Visiting my

dad last summer

When I got my

first bicycleMom’s

graduation

from college

Grandfather in

the hospital

Favorite PlacesMy grandfather’s houseThe mallThe park down by the waterfrontThe basketball court behind the school

Embarrassing

Moments

When I forgot my

lines in the school

playWhen I struck out

in the playoff

game

When I marched

the wrong way

during the band’s

halftime

performance

When I tripped on

my dress at my

sister’s wedding

Earliest MemoriesFalling down the basement stairs

when I was there.A family trip to

Yellowstone parkFingerpainting in

kindergartenBuilding a snow fart with my best friend in the first grade Listening to my grandfather tell

stories

Writing Process

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Some sources about myself

My likes & dislikes

Likes: music ,social activities, dancingDislikes: getting up early, long car ride..

My personality easy-going, extroverted, optimistic, social, friendly

My hobbies do some sports (skiing, basketball, baseball), travel, listen to music

My familyMy parents and my grandma moved to changsha twenty years ago

My experiencesThe first time Alissa and I went downtown alone, we got lost. I landed the prize of the top student of my class. When I got the news that I was admitted by the university, I felt so excited.

Clustering

Writing Process

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Writing Process

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The tree diagram

Myself

pers

onal

ity

hobb

ies

expe

rien

ce

lear

ning

sty

les

Easy going

social

Not upset

Not worried

sports

basketball

skisMusic

pop

Classical

Get lost

Downtown

Travel alone

With Allisa

verbal

eloquent

Learn best when read books

Loving reading Buying booksParty animal

Baseball

Blues

Writing Process

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Preparing a scratch outline

Read the model on P29 and discuss what a scratch outline is.

A scratch outline is a plan or blueprint to help you achieve a unified, supported, well-organized composition.

Writing Process

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Preparing a scratch outline (P43)My favorite times in school were the days before holiday vacations.(P43)

a.Lighter workload Less work in class Less homework

b. Friendlier atmosphere Teachers more relaxed Students happy about vacation

c. Special events Pep rallies Holiday concerts

Writing Process

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Topic: My bitter & sweet experience

Writing Process

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Prewriting

Freewriting Questioning Making a list Clustering Preparing a scratch outline Identifying audience and purpose

Writing Process

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Practice

P. 39 identify each technique by writing:

F-freewriting

Q-questionning

L-list-making

C-clustering

SO- the scratch outline

L, Q, SO, C, F

Writing Process

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2. Drafting

Writing Process

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For a piece of writing to achieve unity, each sentence must support the main idea of each paragraph, and each paragraph must support the main idea of the essay.

Writing Process

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Busy SaturdaysSaturdays are always very busy around our house, and everyone has specific chores to do. My father spends most of his day cleaning up the yard and repairing things that have broken during the week. He also refinished pieces of furniture that have been scratched. My brother helps him outside. He cuts the grass, rakes the leaves, and trims the hedges. He also repairs our bicycles. My sister and I usually help our mother with the inside work. While our mother prepares the dinner and works in the kitchen, I do all of the laundry and ironing. I hate ironing and sometimes switch jobs with my sister. She takes care of dusting the furniture, vacuuming the carpets, and mopping the floors. There is a lot of work for the family of five, and all of us must do our share.

Is this a unified paragraph?

Writing Process

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Writing Process

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P.44 Unity and coherence

Activity 2

Writing Process

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Thesis: More and more, the inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting off contact between ourselves and our fellow human beings.

Writing Process

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First topic sentence:The world of business is one area in which technology is isolating us.

Support: 2. Workers’ salaries are automatically credited to their bank accounts.

3. Personal banking is becoming a detached process.

a. Customers interact with machines rather than people.

b. Some loans are accepted or rejected by computers, not loan officers.

Writing Process

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Second topic sentence: Another area where technology is changing is entertainment.

Support: 1. For many people now, music is a solitary experience.

2. Fewer people go out to watch movies.

Writing Process

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Third topic sentence: Education is another important area in which technology is separating us from others.

Support: 1. Students sit alone in front of computers.

2. Students use technological devices at home instead of interacting with others.

3. Videolessons are replacing class instructions.

Writing Process

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3. Revising

Writing Process

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Sample P35

Writing Process

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Contents checklist

1. Is my writing unified? Do I have a thesis that is clearly stated or implied in the introductory part. Do all my supporting points truly support and back up my thesis?2. Are my points in my writing supported? Are there separate supporting points for the thesis? Do I have specific evidence for each supporting points?3. Is my writing organized? Do I have an interesting introduction, a solid conclusion, and an accurate title? Do I have a clear method of organizing my paper? Do I use transitions and other connecting words?

Writing Process

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Sentence checklist

1. Do I use parallelism to balance my words and ideas?2. Do I have a consistent point of view?3. Do I write sentences correctly and properly?4. Do I use active verbs?5. Do I use words effectively by avoiding slang, cliches, pretentious language, and wordiness?6. Do I vary my sentences?

Writing Process

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P46 Revising Activity

Writing Process

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After you have revised your paper for content and style, you are ready to edit, i.e. check for and correct errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling. When you write about yourself, your job is not finished until you check that all the details fit together.

4. Editing and Proofreading

Writing Process

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5. Publishing/presenting

Websites Learning center BBS and teacher-student communication platforms are available for you to present your work and receive feedback.

SongPoems and stories are likely candidates for being set to music

ContestsMagazines of student writing often sponsor story-writing contests. You might enter a story you wrote on your own or for a class

PlayIf a story has several characters and snappy dialogue, think about writing a script from it.

AdvertisementAds are a good way to sell your ideas or to get your audience to agree with you.

Newspaper articleInformative writing might appear as an article in a school or community newspaper.

Ways to Present your Writing

Writing Process

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Assignments

Read P 22-46

Finish the activities on P 40

Writing Process

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课堂教学设计理念

1. 以学生为主课堂教学时间分配:教师教 30 mins ,学生练 40

mins ,分享、讲评、讨论 20 mins2. 教师协调、辅导、组织、讲评、选材、制定标

准、合作3.workshop 的方式4. 让学生保持写的状态

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See You Next Time!