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Presentation at the 2012 Cycling and Society Symposion, London
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Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
The Good and the Bad – Bicyclists’ Experiences In Copenhagen
1)
1)
2)
1) Forest & Landscape, University of Copenhagen2) Department of Transport, Technical University of Denmark
Bernhard Snizek
Thomas Sick Nielsen
Hans Skov-Petersen
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
IntroductionGoalMethodologyResults
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
INTRODUCTION > Mapping of experiences
(Nold 2006)
Emotion map
(Leahu & Schwenk, 2008)
Arousal Map
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Cyclists’ Experiences
spatially explicit cycling experiences are rarely studied:
land use traffic intensity pollution, noise pedestrians infrastructure
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Goal
Are the characteristics of elements and locations of the city correlated to the likelihood of having a positive or negative cycling experience.
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Methodology
data collectiondata processingframework for relating cyclists’ experiences to urban phenomena
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Data collectiononline, map-based questionnaire
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Data Processing
Removal of erroneously drawn routes
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Data Processing
Map matching
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Data Processing
Dots projected onto their respective routes
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Data Processing
- dots > 100m away from routes omitted- 554 positive and 336 negative experiences
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Data Processing86,332 non experience points laid out on routes; distance 50m
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Data Processing
- GIS layers selected or created
- GIS layers’ data added to points
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
FrameworkCycling facilities and level of service for cyclists
- Roads with cycle facilities
no cycling facilities cycle path (curb) cycle lane (markings) off road path (cyclists) off road path (mixed)
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Framework
Cycling facilities and level of service for cyclists
- Distance to nearest cycle rack
- Number of bike racks within 100m
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Framework
Street types
Primary roads
Secondary roads
Residential streets - detached or semi-detached housing
Residential streets with multi-storey housing
Cycle paths exclusively for bikes
Mixed paths for cyclists and pedestrians
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Framework
distance to closest bus stopdistance to nearest intersectiondistance to the nearest traffic lights
Road environments
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
FrameworkUrban density & centrality
Distance to town hall
Number of companies within 100m
Number of retail units within 100m
Distance to closest water or green areaPercentage of green of route segments
Green
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
FrameworkRoute related measures
Deviations from the direct line (origin-destination)
The angle between the current segment and the line from the experience point towards town hall.
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Geographic distribution of the dots
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Model
Multinomial regression
Probability of a positive experience vs. no experience
Probability of a negative experience vs. no experience
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Results
increase the probability for a positive experience
reduce the probability for a positive experience
increase the probability for a negative experience
reduce the probability for a negative experience
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Results
increase the probability of a positive experience
availability of cycling facilities (CPH style)
greater distance to bus stops
high percentage of greenshort distance to water bodiesshort distance to town hall
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Results
reduce the probability of a positive experience
primary roads
secondary roads
greater distance to direct line
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Results
increase the probability of a negative experience
closeness to intersectionscompanies within 100m
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Results
reduce the probability of a negative experience
greenness of cycling environment
residential streetprimary road
availability of on-route cycling facilities
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Perspectives
develop a cycle environment surface
mapping of hotspotsvisualisation could aid planning processes
Cycling and Society Symposium 2012
Thank you