Assignment Topic:

How psychology and information technology is helping to improve life style of human being?

Submitted by:

Mehwish Naz

16-ARID-10 &

Afrasiyab Haider

16-ARID-02

Submitted to:

Ma’m Sabeen

From:

BS-IT 2NDDated:

29 December,2016

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Table of contents:Sr# Contents

1 Information technology

1.1 Advantages of Information Technology

Globalization

Communication

Cost effectiveness

More time

Creation of new jobs

1.2 Disadvantages of Information Technology

Unemployment

Privacy

Lack of job security

Dominant culture

2 Psychology

2.1 Uses of psychology in daily life

The building of relationship

Improving communication

Building self-confidence

Enriching career

3 Psychology’s impact on human life

Brain science and cognitive psychology

Developmental psychology

Human factor and engineering psychology

Educational psychology

Sports and performance psychology

4 Impact of technology on human’s life

4.1 Impact of technology on business

Positive

Improved competitive advantage

Improved communication

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Improved human resources management

Negative

Technology is expensive

4.2 Impact of technology on education

Positive

Globalization of education

Negative

Exposure to wrong data

4.3 Impact of technology on society

Positive

Improved the transport sector

Improved the human relationship and connection

Negative

Digital divide is on increase

Lack of real life and friends

Virtual Reality Technology ‘’ Sickness ‘’ and its drawbacks

4.4 IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON AGRICULTURE

Positive

Increased production

Negative

Soil pollution

4.5 Impact of technology on banking

Positive

Electronic banking

Negative

E-cash is very easy to lose

5 Sources

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I, Afrasiyab Haider is writing this assignment to make a clear view about how information technology and psychology is impacting on human’s life, what is their role and what are their uses in our daily life and how important they are for us.

I, Mehwish Naz is writing this assignment to make a clear view about how information technology and psychology is impacting on human’s life, what is their role and what are their uses in our daily life and how important they are for us.

Summary:

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1. Information technology:

Information technology (IT) is the use of any computers, storage, networking and

other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and

exchange all forms of electronic data.

1.1 .Advantages Of Information Technology: Everyday, people use technology in new ways. Computers are increasingly

affordable; they continue to be more powerful as information-processing tools as well as easier

to use. Some of the advantages of information technology include:

Globalization - IT has not only brought the world closer together, but it has allowed

the world's economy to become a single interdependent system. This means that we

can not only share information quickly and efficiently, but we can also bring down

barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries and countries are able to shares ideas

and information with each other.

Communication - With the help of information technology, communication has also

become cheaper, quicker, and more efficient. The internet has also opened up face to

face direct communication from different parts of the world thanks to the helps of video

conferencing. Many collaboration platforms have been built in addition to face to face

call via mobile devices like iPhone.

Cost effectiveness - Information technology has helped to computerize the business

process thus streamlining businesses to make them extremely cost effective money

making machines. This in turn increases productivity which ultimately gives rise to

profits that means better pay and less strenuous working conditions.

More time - IT has made it possible for businesses to be open 24 x7 all over the globe.

This means that a business can be open anytime anywhere, making purchases from

different countries easier and more convenient.

Creation of new jobs - Probably the best advantage of information technology is the

creation of new and interesting jobs. Computer programmers, Systems analyzers,

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Hardware and Software developers and Web designers are just some of the many new

employment opportunities created with the help of IT.

1.2 .Disadvantages of information technology:

Unemployment - While information technology may have streamlined the business

process it has also created job redundancies, downsizing and outsourcing. This means

that a lot of lower and middle level jobs have been done away with causing more people

to become unemployed.

Privacy - Though information technology may have made communication quicker,

easier and more convenient, it has also bought along privacy issues. From cell phone

signal interceptions to email hacking, people are now worried about their once private

information becoming public knowledge.

Lack of job security - Industry experts believe that the Internet has made job security

a big issue as since technology keeps on changing with each day. This means that one

has to be in a constant learning mode, if he or she wishes for their job to be secure.

Dominant culture - While information technology may have made the world a global

village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating another weaker one. For

example, it is now argued that US influences how most young teenagers all over the

world now act, dress and behave. Languages too have become overshadowed, with

English becoming the primary mode of communication for business and everything else.

2 .Psychology:

Psychology is the science of the mind and behavior. The word "psychology" comes

from the Greek word psyche meaning "breath, spirit, soul", and the Greek word logia meaning

the study of something.

2.2 Uses of Psychology in daily life:

Everyone uses psychology on a daily basis, whether they are talking with

friends, arguing with a partner, or disciplining their children. Most people just don’t realize the

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science behind their decisions. Understand how your mind works helps in everyday life by

allowing you to build strong relationships and make the best. Here are five ways how:

The building of relationships: Psychology makes it easier to live with others by

understanding them more and working with their behavior. Below, University of Texas

professor James Penne baker explains one-way psychology can be used to predict

romantic compatibility.

Improving communication: A greater understanding of how humans think and

behave will help people communicate better. They will be more effective in

understanding what a person really means by gestures and actions.

Building self-confidence: By understanding more about yourself and your

personality, you can gain more self-confidence. You will learn more about your

weaknesses and can build on them.

Enriching careers: You will be able to understand your coworkers more and stand a

better chance of building friendships. It helps to deal with their actions to enrich your

career.

3. Psychology’s Impact on human life:

The science of psychology is exploring how the mind works, evaluating how

people learn, facilitating peak human performance and helping people make healthy lifestyle

choices. Psychologists use scientific research to better understand how people learn, interpret

events and make decisions. They then translate that knowledge into techniques to help people

make smarter choices in their daily lives.

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Brain Science and Cognitive Psychology Cognitive psychologists, sometimes called brain scientists, study

how the human brain works — how we think, remember and learn. They apply

psychological science to understand how we perceive events and make decisions.

Developmental Psychology Developmental psychologists focus on human growth and changes

across the lifespan, including physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual,

personality and emotional growth. Throughout their lives, humans go through various

stages of development. Developmental psychologists study how people grow, develop

and adapt at different life stages.

Human Factors and Engineering Psychology

Human factors and engineering psychologists study

how people interact with machines and technology. They use psychological science to

guide the design of products, systems and devices we use every day. They often focus on

performance and safety. They combine technology and psychology to improve our

interactions with the systems and equipment we use daily.

Educational Psychology

Psychologists working in the field of education study how people learn

and retain knowledge. They apply psychological science to improve the learning process

and promote educational success for all students. Psychologists working in the field of

education are focused on identifying and studying learning methods to better

understand how people absorb and retain new information.

Sport and Performance Psychology Sport and performance psychologists focus on identifying and

applying psychological principles that facilitate peak sport performance, enhance

people’s participation in physical activities and help athletes achieve optimal human

performance.

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4. Impact of technology on human’s life

4.1. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON BUSINESS:

Positive:

o Improved competitive advantage: Businesses have use technology to gain

competitive advantage over their competitors. If a business uses technology to

improve on its services or products, its customers will be impressed and they will

become loyal to that business as well as invite more customers through word of

mouth. Advanced technology can result into better customer’s service and

production of high quality products or services.

o Improved communication: Business to consumer communication has been

improved by use of technology. Now a business can easily communicate to its

clients to know how they feel about their services. The information collected is

used to improve on the services of the business which results into business

growth. For example, businesses can use social Medias to hold product surveys.

o Improved human resource management: A business can use technology

to recruit and train new employees. Now days their unlimited Job boards online

were companies post jobs and applicants apply through that online Job board.

This simplifies the all process of hiring and it saves time.

Negative:

Technology is expensive: Even though we use technology to solve

operational costs in business and increase on productivity. To buy the

machine which will replace 10 humans to perform a certain tusk is quite

expensive. This machine will require continuous maintenance and a standby

technician to operate it and fix it in case it breaks down. So technology is

expensive as well.

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4.2. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON EDUCATION:

Positive:

o Globalization of education: Technology has made education remote. With

the help of internet technology, online education has become a strong force in

the education sector. Now students can study courses which are provided in

other countries without having any boundary limitations.

Negative:

Exposure to wrong data: Though technology has made learning so easy and

cheap, students get exposed to data which is not approved and many times they just

copy and pastes this information they acquire online without any deep research on

whether the data is correct. This has increased on the level of misinformation and

failure of exams. My advice to students, is that, ‘’ Not whatever is published online is

correct’’ analyze the data and discuss with friends before submitting that data.

4.3. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON SOCIETY:

Positive:

o Improved the transportation sector: Technology has made movement so

easy and cheap, technologies like automobiles, airplanes, speed boats, electronic

trains, have made moving from one place to another so easily.

o Improved on human relationships and connection: Technology has

improved on how we connect or discover new relationships. With things like

mobile phones, and internet social Medias, people can connect with each so

easily than before.

Negative:

Digital divide is on increase: As much as we’re embracing technology in

most developed countries, there is a big group left behind and they might

not even get closer to the way we use technology in the first world. For

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example, the invention of e-wallet is a good technology which will help you

to pay for anything via your iPhone, but as good as this technology may be,

many countries in the third world cannot use the service.

Lack or real life and friends: Yes, social networks and text messaging

technologies have played a very big role in connecting people more than

before, but what is funny is that, the number of people who spend time

alone is increasing. You will find a person spends more time in the virtual

world chatting with strangers ‘’virtual friends’’, a user will have over 500

friends on a specific social network, but they have no real friends in the real

world, WHY? Because they spend most their time in the virtual world and

give up on getting real friends, which results into loneliness and cyber-

sickness.

Virtual Reality Technology ‘’ Sickness ‘’: Now days most airlines use

this virtual reality technology to train their pilots on how to react effectively

in adverse conditions. So during this training, the pilot will be presented with

a challenge in a virtual reality form and they will be guided on how to

overcome that task

Problem:

The pilot in question has been exposed to a virtual life and if they do this for so long, it creates

an imbalance in their life. They find a problem of living the other virtual life to a real one. So

they keep on getting flashbacks, eyestrain and simulator sickness. If you spend a lot of time in a

virtual reality system that uses a low-resolution head set for displaying views, you may

experience eyestrain issues. When the resolution is too low, your eyes are forced to work so

hard to distinguish images.

4.4. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON AGRICULTURE:

Positive:

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o Increased production: with the introduction of genetically engineered crops,

farmers out puts have increased. These crops are engineered when they can

stand harsh conditions as well has survived pests and diseases. They grow very

first and the farmer gets back their return on investment (RIO) very first.

Negative:

o Soil pollution: Farmers have resorted to using chemicals and engineered

fertilizers so that their plants grow faster. This has worked for the farmer in the

short run, but after a while, the soil losses its natural fertility and the farmer will

have to depend on artificial fertilizers which are expensive in the long run.

4.5. IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON BANKING:

Positive

o Electronic banking: Banks have improved their services by using technology

to introduce electronic banking. Customers can use online banking facilities to

transfer money or get financial information, they can also use smart cards to

withdraw or deposit money on their accounts.

Negative

o E-cash is very easy to lose: As we try to replace cash money with e-cash, we

are faced with a problem of losing money very first. Why? E-cash is simply an

electronic file, so this file can be interrupted across the network and you will lose

your money in a second. Today there so many hackers online monitoring these

electronic file transfers, though most merchants have formulated a trick of

encrypting the files, but still these hackers find their way and access the data.

Another lop hole is the exposure of financial details to dangerous people. Most

of this information is stored on our computers. However, when you connect to

internet, your computer will be assigned with an IP Address, and an experienced

hacker can access your computer via your IP and take advantage of all your

financial details.

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5. Sources: http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/IT

http://hitechplatform.blogspot.com/2011/04/most-important-effects-of-

information.html

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/154874.php

https://owlcation.com/social-sciences/Psychology-and-its-Importance

http://www.apa.org/action/careers/improve-lives/

http://www.apa.org/action/science/brain-science/index.aspx

http://www.apa.org/action/science/developmental/index.aspx

http://www.apa.org/action/science/human-factors/index.aspx

http://www.apa.org/action/science/teaching-learning/index.aspx

http://www.apa.org/action/science/performance/index.aspx

http://www.useoftechnology.com/impact-technology-life-today/

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