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WHAT
IF…Imaginewecouldusethesameservicesindifferentplacesaroundtheworldwithouttheneedforsearchingnewserviceprovidersornewapps...
sharedvision:“OpenStandard
forTourism”Vocabulary
Ontologiesareexpectedtoenablecomputerstoprocessinforma.on
“muchmoreeffec*velyinwaysthatareusefulandmeaningfultothehumanuser”(Berners-Lee,Hendler,andLassila
2001).
UserGroup40+actors:SME’s,NPO’sinvolvedincultureandtourismac>vi>es,representa>vesfromtheprovincesandofthemajorci>esinFlanders
“ALerdefiningthescopeofeachsub-
domainweorganizedworkinggroups.Eachgroupwasresponsibletoworkouttheirsub-domainindetailintermsofdomain
modeling”
DatainlinewiththeOpenTourismspecific>on
TheWestFlanderstourismorganiza>onwas
thefirsttobringtheirdatainlinewiththespecifica>on
Fromad-hocac>vitytoasolidcommunity
Ourmissionisto“supportdigitalcrea.vityconcerningtourism"andtohostthe“OpenStandardforTourism”Vocabulary,whichisareusableOntologyfordescribingtourismdata.
Join the Community Meeting, March 5, 2016 Mechelen
ReleaseOpenTourismCommuntySite● Mailinglist● Toolsandresources● TheOpenStandardforTourismEcosystemsData
SpecificaGon● Newsontheupcomingevents
Visionandstrategy…
● BringTheOpenTourismvocabularyataninterna.onallevel
● BuildabridgetointeroperabilityprogrammeoftheFlemishGovernment,“OpenStandardsforLinkedGovernments”.
● Firststep-March3ourworkandvision
willbepresentedattheInterna.onale-GovConferenceinMontevideo.
Whatyoureallyshouldrememberfromthistalk:
● Seman.ccollabora.onisgoingtobea
cornerstoneofthenextgenera.ontourismapplica.ons
● seman.cstandardsareakatalysatorforbeZerservicesandOpenData.
● TheOpenTourismvocabularyexisthZp://w3id.org/ost/spec
● You’rewelcometojoinourcommunity!hZp://tourism.openknowledge.be
Which domains are covered (for now)? ➔ Offering
What? By whom? ➔ Availability
Where? When? ➔ Experience
How? ➔ Demand
Specifications http://w3id.org/ost/spec
Questions, remarks, issues on the domain model and specifications via:
https://github.com/openknowledgebe/tourism/issues
RML.ioGenera>ngHighQuality
LinkedOpenDatafromOpenorNotData
AnastasiaDimouDataScienceLab,GhentUniversity-iMinds
[email protected]@natadimou
TheSemanGcWebistheextensionoftheWorldWideWebenablessharingcontentbeyondtheboundariesofapplica>ons&websites
TheSemanGcWebistheextensionoftheWorldWideWebenablessharingcontentbeyondtheboundariesofapplica>ons&websites
allowsmachinestounderstandthemeaningofhyperlinkedinforma>on
Linked(Open)Data
astandardizedwayofexpressingtherela>onshipsbetweendata
seman>callyannotatedthedatawithdifferentvocabulariesorontologies
Linked(Open)Data
astandardizedwayofexpressingtherela>onshipsbetweendata
seman>callyannotatedthedatawithdifferentvocabulariesorontologiesdescribedomain-levelknowledgeunderstandablebyhumans&machines
TheDataTankopensourceRESTfuldatamanagementsystem
enablespublishingdataintowebreadableformats
readthedataandpublishthemonthewebusingaURIasaniden>fier.
ResourceDescripGonFramework(RDF)istheprevalentdatamodelfordescribingLinked(Open)Data
predicatesubject object
ResourceDescripGonFramework(RDF)istheprevalentdatamodelfordescribingLinked(Open)Data
drivenbyuniqueiden>fiers(URIs)
predicatesubject object
ResourceDescripGonFramework(RDF)istheprevalentdatamodelfordescribingLinked(Open)Data
drivenbyuniqueiden>fiers(URIs)allowsestablishingasharedmeaning
predicatesubject object
HowisLinkedDataderived
from(semi-)structureddata?
id firstname lastname lab city
1 Anastasia Dimou DSLab Ghent
2 Ruben Verborgh DSLab Ghent
3 Erik Mannens DSLab Ghent
label
Person1 DataScienceLabworks
“AnastasiaDimou”
locatedDataScienceLab Ghent
label
Person2 DataScienceLabworks
“RubenVerborgh”
label
Person3 DataScienceLabworks
“ErikMannens”
label
Person{id}
{lab}works
Assignuniqueiden>fiers(URIs)
“{firstname}{surname}”
labelh]p:://
ex.com{id}
h]p://ex.com{lab}works
“{firstname}{surname}”
Annotatedatarela>onshipswithontologies
labelh]p:://
ex.com{id}
h]p://ex.com{lab}works
“{firstname}{surname}”
Annotatedatarela>onshipswithontologies
labelh]p:://
ex.com{id}
h]p://ex.com{lab}works
“{firstname}{surname}”
rdfs:labelh]p:://
ex.com{id}
h]p://ex.com{lab}ex:works
“{firstname}{surname}”
rdfs:label
ex:1 ex:DSLabex:works
“AnastasiaDimou”
ex:locatedex:DSLab ex:Ghent
rdfs:label
ex:2 ex:DSLabex:works
“RubenVerborgh”
rdfs:label
ex:3 ex:DSLabex:works
“ErikMannens”
rdfs:label
ex:{id}
ex:{lab}
ex:works
ex:locatedex:{lab} ex:{city}
setsoftriplesofadatasethaverepe>>vepa]erns
“{firstname}{surname}”
rdfs:label
ex:{id}
ex:{lab}
ex:works
setsoftriplesofadatasethaverepe>>vepa]erns
“{firstname}{surname}”
RDFdatasetgenera>ontoolsrelytheirimplementa>ononrepe>>velyapplyingthosepa]ernstoinputdata
ex:locatedex:{lab} ex:{city}
RDFTerms(focusingonIRIs)are…
generatedindependentlydisregardingtheirpossiblepriordefini>ons
manuallyreplicated
byreconstruc>ngthesameURIs(ifpossible)manuallyaligneda?erwards
linkswithotherdatasetsaredefineda?ertheRDFtermsarepublished
Uniform and declarative RDF generation from heterogeneous data sources
mappings processor
DataOWNER/PUBLISHER
defines
RDF
DB CSV JSONXML RDF
RDF Mapping Language (RML)
generic scalable mapping language for generating and interlinking RDF data from heterogeneous resources in an integrable and interoperable fashion superset of the W3C standardized
R2RML mapping language
http://rml.io
Uniform and declarative RDF generation from heterogeneous data sources
RMLmappings processor
DataOWNER/PUBLISHER
defines
RDF
DB CSV JSONXML RDF
RMLdescribeshowtogeneratedRDFfromstructureddata
predicatesubject object
PredicateMapSubjectMap ObjectMap
RMLdescribeshowtogeneratedRDFfromstructureddata
predicatesubject object
PredicateMapSubjectMap ObjectMap
<#TriplesMap>
rr:constantex:located
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{lab}” rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{city}”
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{id}”
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{lab}”
rr:template“{firstname}{surname}”rr:termTyperr:Literal
RDFMappingLanguage(RML)
@prefixrr:<h]p://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#>
rr:constantex:works
rr:constantex:locatedrr:template“h]p://ex.com/{lab}” rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{city}”
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{id}”
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{lab}”
<#ResearcherMap>
<#LabMap>
rr:template“{firstname}{surname}”rr:termTyperr:Literal
RDFMappingLanguage(RML)
RMLdescribesrulestomapanystructureddatatoRDF
RMLsupportsanydataindependentlyof
whichstructureandformattheyhavewheretheyoriginallyresidehowtheyareaccessed&retrieved
Specifyingdatawhichdataformadatainputhowtoreferencedatainputextracts
Accessing&Retrievingdatadatainputfromoriginalsource(s)
Specifyingdatawhichdataformadatainputhowtoreferencedatainputextracts
Accessing&Retrievingdatadatainputfromoriginalsource(s)
SupportdatainHeterogeneousStructuresandFormatstabular-structured tablesinDBsorCSVfiles…hierarchical-structured JSONorXML…
(semi-)structured HTML…………
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{id}”
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{lab}”
<#ResearcherMap> rr:template“{firstname}{surname}”rr:termTyperr:Literal
id firstname surname lab
1 Anastasia Dimou DSLab
2 Ruben Verborgh DSLab
3 Erik Mannens DSLab
tabular-structureddata
rr:constantex:located
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{/labs/lab/short}”
rr:template“h]p://ex.com/{/labs/lab/loca>on/city}”
<#LabMap>
<labs><lab><short>MMLab</short><>tle>Mul>mediaLab</>tle><loca>on><city>Ghent</city></loca>on></lab><lab>….</lab>…</labs>
hierarchical-structureddata
Specifyingdatawhichdataformadatainputhowtoreferencedatainputextracts
Accessing&Retrievingdatadatainputfromoriginalsource(s)
Datasource
Accessinterface Input
data
Inputdata
Inputdata
OutputRDF
Mappingmodule
RMLProcessor
Mapdoc
Datasource
Accessinterface
Datasource
Accessinterface
Retrievalmodule
Sourcedescrip>on
SupportdifferentLocaGonsandAccessInterfacesLocalFile(s)
Databaseconnec>vity
D2RQWebsource(s)(WebAPI/service)
DCAT,CSVW,Hydra,VOiD(Dataset) RDFsource(s) VOiD(Endpoint),SPARQL-SD
file.xml
WEBAPIDCAT
XMLdata
JSONdata
tabulardata
OutputRDF
Mappingmodule
RMLProcessor
Mapdoc
Datarepo
WEBAPIHydra
Database
JDBCD2RQ
Retrievalmodule
Sourcedescrip>on
Triplestore
SPARQL
Seman>cWebexpertsVs.Dataspecialists
ModelingDomainKnowledgeasLinked(Open)DataisnotstraighsorwardforDataSpecialists
Seman>cWebexpertsVs.Dataspecialists
ModelingDomainKnowledgeasLinked(Open)DataisnotstraighsorwardforDataSpecialistsDatacontextisnotstraighsorwardforSeman>cWebexperts
Seman>cWebexpertsVs.Dataspecialists
DataSpecialistsshouldbeabletospecifythemappings,modifyandextendthematany>me
> Geographical data in Flanders ▪ Must follow its obligations, regulations, standards, …
> F.e. SDI-Flanders partnership (decree, implementing decree, commandments, …)
> MUST’s for describing metadata:
▪ ISO > 19115 (datasets/series), 19119 (services), 19139 (implementation), 19110 (feature catalogue)
▪ INSPIRE > Directive: Implementing Rules on Metadata + Technical Guidelines on Metadata
▪ SDI-Flanders > Best Practices on Metadata v1.0 (metadata for datasets, dataset series, services, feature catalogues)
▪ OGC / INSPIRE > Catalogue Service for the Web (OGC Catalogue Services Specification 2.0.2) = Discovery Service (INSPIRE) =
Zoekdienst (SDI-Flanders)
> Geoportal: http://www.geopunt.be
The way to open geographical data in Flanders?
Geo > Open 109
> Open data Portal in Flanders: ▪ SHOULD follow its manual
> SHOULD HAVE’s for describing metadata: ▪ DCAT-AP
> Portal: http://opendata.vlaanderen.be/ ▪ CKAN
The way to open geographical data in Flanders?
Geo > Open 110
> So, do I have to describe my data on both portals? > The power of metadata: ▪ Describe it only once, ▪ Create multiple use
The way to open geographical data in Flanders?
Geo > Open 111
1
The way to open geographical data in Flanders?
Geo > Open 112
> Follow the SDI-track to describe metadata (MUST) ▪ Appear on http://www.geopunt.be ▪ AND appear on http://opendata.vlaanderen.be/
> Because of: ▪ Set keyword “Open data in Flanders” in the metadata record ▪ Via CSW harvest of Geopunt metadata ▪ With filter on keyword “Open data in Flanders” ▪ Mapping to DCAT (XSLT: ISO 19139 to DCAT) ▪ Mapping to CKAN