Upload
arni-matthias-mathiesen
View
138
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Fish and FNSFinancing the Transition Towards a Suitable
Blue Economy St James’s Palace State Apartments10 July 2014, London, Great Britain
Presentation By Árni M. Mathiesen
Assistant Director-GeneralFisheries and Aquaculture Department
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Vitamin A deficiency Causing blindness250 million preschool children affectedIron deficiencyAnaemia contributes to 20% of all maternal deaths.40% of preschool children anaemic in developing countries.Iodine deficiency Impairing cognitive development in children54 countries still iodine-deficient
Millions of children suffering nutrition deficiency
Source: WHO
842 million hungry people
Source: WHO
TrendWorldwide obesity has nearly doubled since 1980. Adults (aged 20 or older)More than 1.4 billion (35% of total) overweight in 2008Over 200 million men and nearly 300 million women (11 % of total) obese in 2008.Children (under the age of 5)More than 40 million children overweight or obese in 2012.
Billions of obesity or overweight people
Source: WHO
Food security and nutrition status
Hunger hand-in-hand with poverty
Contribution of fish to human diet
Fish as a percentage of total animal protein intake
Fish provides high quality animal protein Fish especially important to countries with low animal protein intake
Contribution of fish to nutritionFish, a source of
nutrients Nutrient level per 100 g Daily need (RDI) for children:
Protein;20% of animal protein for 3 billion people
Carp fillet: 18 g
Salmon fillet: 19 g1 g/kg body weight
(incl. veg. prot.)
DHA+EPA (Ω-3); seafood main source
Carp fillet: 350 mg
Salmon fillet: 2000 mg150 (250) µg
Vitamin A;250 million preschool children deficient
Cod liver oil: 5000 µgMola (whole): 2500 µg
500 µg RAE
Iron; 1.6 billion people deficient
Dried tuna frames: 35 mgChanwa pileng (whole): 45 mg
8.9 mg (at 10% bioavailability)
Iodine; seafood natural source, 2 billion people deficient
Cod fillets: 250 µgSeaweed: >2000 µg
120 µg
Zinc; 800 000 child deaths per year
Bones from herring: 19 mgChanwa pileng (whole): 20 mg
5.6 mg(at moderate bioavailability)
Socioeconomic contribution of aquaculture and fisheries
Future fish supply and demand projections
OECD-FAO Fish Model Projections (2022)
Source: OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2013-2022 (Table A.26.2). Countries/regions ranked by per capita fish consumption in 2010-12 average.Countries/regions with declined per capita fish consumption highlighted in red.
WB-FAO-IFPRI Fish to 2030 Projections
Source: World Bank Report on Fish to 2030 (Table 3.7). Countries/regions ranked by per capita fish consumption in 2006. Countries/regions with declined per capita fish consumption highlighted in red
Country/
region
Fish Demand (2030) Total
fish prod. (2012,
mil. tonne)
S-D gap2030
(col. 4 minus col. 3)
kg/cap.
Total (mil. tonne
)
WORLD 29.1
261.2
156.5 -104.7
S.S. Africa 10.8
15.1
6.9 -8.2
L.A. & C. 12.2
18.3
14.8 -3.4
N. Africa 12.9
3.7
2.8 -0.8
Europe 27.3
23.4
16.0 -7.4
N. America 29.8
12.9
6.7 -6.1
Oceania 31.9
1.8
1.4 -0.3
Asia 37.0
186.3
107.8 -78.5
Source: Estimation of FI/FAO (preliminary results)Main assumptions: 1) Per capita fish demand affected by income growth. 2) Fish price unchanged. 3) Preference over fish unchanged
FAO/FI Fish Supply-Demand Gap Projections
Issues, constraints and challenges
Source: WHO
Resources and environmentEnvironment degradation and habitat destruction Loss of biodiversityOverexploited fish stocksBiosecurity (disease outbreaks)Climate changes (El Niño, ocean acidification, stock migration, severe weather conditions, etc.)Socioeconomic and governanceOvercapacity (fleets and labor) IUU fishingBycatch and discardsAssess to capital and financial services (loans, insurance, etc.)Equity (poverty, forced labor, child labor, etc.)Public image of fisheries and aquaculture
Filling Fish Supply-Demand
Source: WHO
Maintaining/increasing capture fisheries productionRecovery of the “Sunken Billions” through reducing overcapacity and rehabilitating overexploited stocks Cultured-based fisheries (stock enhancement)More direct human consumptionShifting industrialized use of fish (fish meal and fish oil) to direct human consumptionReducing wasteUtilization of bycatch and discardsUtilization of processing wasteReducing post-harvest spoilage (cold storage, more efficient value chain, etc.)Sustaining aquaculture growthSustainable intensification in Asia.Expansion in Africa and Latin AmericaIncreasing acceptance in western countries More efficient feed and feed managementGenetic improvement of seed stocksLow-trophic species (non-fed finfishes, mollusks, etc.)Innovation in farming systems and technologies
Improved Fisheries Governance CCRF-EAF
Fisheries Management
Enforcement &
Compliance
Catch statistics,
Fleet information
Total allowable catch or Equivale
nt decision
StockAssessmen
t
50 bill. USDPoverty alleviation
TAC-settingRules
Source: WHO
Thank you Thank you