Welcome to presentation on

Overview of Bangladesh

Good Evening

Personal Information

Md Habibur RahmanCAS-TWAS President’s Fellowship Awardee-2016

PhD Student ID: 2016A8014608001University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) ,Beijing, China

Bangladesh-At a glanceGeographyHistory Festivals and traditionsBeauty of Bangladesh

Official Name : People’s Republic of Bangladesh

1st Official Language : Bengali

2nd Official Language : English

Capital City : Dhaka

Ethnic groups : 98% Bengalis 2% Others

Current population : 163.48 ( November 11, 2016, UN)

Population Density : 1033/sqr. Km

Population Growth Rate : 1.292%

Birth Rate : 24.68 births per 1000 population

Death Rate : 09.23 deaths per 1000 population

Life Expectancy : 60.25 years

Total Percentage of Literacy : 61.5%

Bangladesh-At a glance

Bangladesh-At a glance(Continue…)

Climate: Tropicl,mild winter (October to March); hot, humid summer (March to June);

humid, warm rainy monsoon (June to October)

Principal Rivers : Padma, Meghna, Jamuna, Surma, Brahmaputra etc.

Principal Crops : Rice, Jute, Tea, Wheat, Sugarcane, Pulses, Mustard, Potato,

Vegetables.

Principal Exports : Garments, Knitwear, Frozen Shrimps, Tea, Leather and Leather

products, Jute and Jute products, Ceramics etc.

Principal Imports: Wheat, Fertilizer, Petroleum goods, Cotton, Edible Oil etc.

Currency : Taka (1 USD = 78.66 taka, 1 RMB = 11.54 taka)

GDP: 242.2 billion

GDP per capita: 1,600$ per capita

Geography

LocationLocation: Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Myanmar and

India. Geographic coordinates: 24 00 N, 90 00 E

BoundariesNorth - India (West Bengal & Meghalaya)

West - India (West Bengal)East - India (Tripura & Assam) and Myanmar

South - Bay of Bengal

AreaArea: 1,47,570 km2; Land-130,168 km2; Water-13,830 km2

From previous to present (History of BD)

British Era: 1757-1947

Pakistan (East-West): 1947-1971

Great India (14-15 Aug’1947)

Bangladesh: 26th March.1971-Present

Map of Bangladesh

Historical 1971

• General Election - 12 Dec 1970, Awami League won 167 out of 313 seats.

• President Yahya & Zulfiqur Ali Bhutto, PPP ( West Pak) did not agree Awami League to form Govt.

• Scheduled Parliamnetary session was postponed in beginningMar 1971and BangaBondhu on 7 Mar 1971 gave historicalspeech and asked people to continue Non Coop movement.

Historical 1971

DuringDuring thethe ContinuingContinuing NonNon CooperationCooperation MovementMovement allallaroundaround EastEast PakistanPakistan

Dialogue was ongoing with President Yahya but on 25 Mar1971 Pak Military arrested Shiekh Mujib and launchedAttack on unarmed Bangalee’s.

Historical 1971

Declaration of Independence• Just few minutes before his arrest by Pakistan

Army BangaBondhu Declared the War ofIndependence on night 25 Mar 1971 by awritten statement .

• Later MM..AA.. HannanHannan andnd Maj Ziaur Rahmanalso Declared the War of Independence onbehalf of BangaBondhu Shiekh Mujib throughRadio( Kalurghat Radio Station, Chittagong) on26 and 27 Mar 1971.

Historical 1971

Historical 1971

• Formation of provisional Govt:On 17 Apr 1971 the provisional Govt of Bangladesh was formed at Boiddonath Tola, Meherpur , Kushtia.( Renamed as Mujib Nagar)

• President, Vice President , Prime Minister and other Minsters were announced

• The overall Commander in Chief of Bangladesh Forces was announced

Historical 1971

The leader of Liberation War

Bangabondhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Father of Nation & 1st President of Bangladesh

Leader’s of Liberation War

• Syed nazrul Islam, 1st

Vice president/Acting President

• Mr Tajuddin Ahmed, 1st Prime Minister

• Capt( retd) Monsur Ali, Finacne Minister

• AHM Kamruzzaman, Home relief & Rehabilation Minister

Signing of Instrument of Surrender 16 Dec 1971

Bangladesh become the 139th country in the world

Victory Day16 Dec 1971

Bangladesh become 139th country in the world

Key facts from war of Independence

Planned military operation by Pakistan army on 25 March killing at least 200,000 people in a single night.

Over 1,00,000 fighters comprising regular and Irregular soldiers fought against Pak Army

War lasted 9 Months.

14th December killing of intellectuals

War casualty:3000000 people were killed and 250000 women were tortured in 9 Months.

One of the biggest genocide in History

The green represents the greenery of Bangladesh whileRed circle stands rising sun & blood of Martyrs during liberation war

The green represents the greenery of Bangladesh whileRed circle stands rising sun & blood of Martyrs duringliberation war

National MemorialNational Memorial

During the war more than 3 million Lives were lost, more than 2,00,000 women were tortured and at least 3,00,000 children died at the refugee camps due to malnutrition and diseases.

We must show our respect to them by visiting the National Memorial at Savar, Dhaka

Language and Language Movement

SHAHEED MINAR

THE SHAHEED MINAR IS A NATIONAL MONUMENT IN DHAKA,BANGLADESH. ESTABLISHED TO COMMEMORATE THOSE KILLED DURING THEBENGALI LANGUAGE MOVEMENT DEMONSTRATIONS OF 1952.

ON 21 FEBRUARY 1952, DOZENS OF STUDENTS AND POLITICAL ACTIVISTSWERE KILLED WHEN THE PAKISTANI POLICE FORCE OPENED FIRE ONBENGALI PROTESTERS WHO WERE DEMANDING EQUAL STATUS FOR THEIRNATIVE TOUNGE.

Language- Bangla

-21 February was proclaimed the International Mother Language

Day by UNESCO on 17 November 1999

Nature of governmentBangladesh has a Unitary form of government:President is the Head of the state .Prime Minister is the Head of the Government.

Md Abdul HamidPresident

Md Abdul HamidPresident

Sheik HasinaPrime minister

Administrative Units as at a GlanceAdministrative Units as at a Glance

Division 7

Zila 64

City Corporation 11

Municipalties 223

Upazila 500

Thana 509

Union 4451

(Source: LGRD Ministry & Police Head Quarters)

Main education system of Bangladesh

General EducationMadrasah Education

Technical & Vocational Education

Education Structure of Bangladesh

i.Primary ii.Secondary iii. Higher education

Primary Education in Bangladesh

There are 22 million primary school aged children (6 to10 years) and 320,000 teachers in more than 78,000 schools.

The Primary Education Compulsory Act passed in 1990 made primary education free and compulsory for all children .

Major Universities in Bangladesh

Number of Government Universities : 37Number of Private Universities : 81Number of Textile Engineering Colleges/Institutes : 09

Most Oldest Govt. Universities Starting Year/Established

University of Dhaka 1921

University of Rajshahi 1953

Bangladesh Agricultural University 1961

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology 1962

University of Chittagong 1966

Jahangirnagar University 1970

Islamic University 1979

Google Map from Beijing to my University, BD

245 km

26 km

Some Pictures of my University

Campus Main Gate Inside the Campus

Independent’s Monuments

Martyr's Monuments Campus Auditorium

Science Building Central Library

Sheikh Hasina Hall

Bengali Festivals and celebrations

Pohela Boishakh Eid-ul Fitr Eid ul-Adha Durga Puja Pahela Falgun/Bashanta Utshob Nobanno (Harvesting Month) PAUSH PARBON Traditional Marriage Ceremony

Benglali Calendar

Pohela Boishakh

• Pohela Boishakh is the first day of the Bengali New Year. Now it is celebrated on the 14th of April of the Gregorian calendar.

• Celebrations of Pahela Baishakh started from Akbar’s reign.• The main event of the day was to open a Halkhata (new fresh

book) of accounts. In villages, towns and cities, traders and shopkeepers closed their old account book and opened new one.

• Women particularly young girls dress up white saris with red borders and men clothed Punjabi, fatua with traditional art in Pahela Boishakh.

• The most colorful New Year’s Day festival takes place in the Ramna Batamul, Dhaka.

• People celebrate this cultural festive starting their day having breakfast with Panta-Ilisha supplemented with different kind of Vortas.

Pohela Boishakh Celebration

Eid ul-Fitr• Muslim festivals follow a lunar

calendar.• After a month long fasting in Ramadan,

the Holy Festival Eid-ul-Fitr comes with great joy.

• Eid ul Fitr is the most important religious festival for the majority Muslims community.

• On Eid day, the Eid prayer are held all over the country, in open areas like fields or inside mosques.

• People shop new dress and other necessary items much on the occasion.

Eid ul-Adha• The celebration of Eid ul-Adha is similar

to Eid ul-Fitr in many ways. The only big difference is the Qurbani or sacrifice of domestic animals on Eid ul-Adha.

• Numerous temporary marketplaces of different sizes called hat operate in the big cities for sale of Qurbani animals (usually cows and goats).

• In the morning on the Eid day, immediately after the prayer, affluent people thank God for the animal, and then sacrifice it.

• After the qurbani, a large portion of the meat is given to the poor people.

Durga Puja Durga Puja is the biggest celebration of

Hindu community. On the occasion, the Debi Durga statues

astride a lion, with her ten hands holding ten different weapons, are placed in not only regular Hindu temple but also enormous temporary stages.

Hindu community shop new dress on the occasion.

It is now a day’s one of the most public gathering occasion.

Puja stage is visited not only Hindu community but also all classes of people of Bangladesh.

Pahela Falgun/Bashanta Utshob

• The day is celebrated on February 13.• A colorful festival held to welcome Bashanto

(spring).• Young girls wear reddish-yellow saris with

red border and decorated hairs with flowers, and boys wear traditional pajama and Punjabi.

• A good number of kids also get their attractive faces painted with different motifs including birds, national flag, butterflies etc.

Pahela Falgun Celebration

Nobanno (Harvesting Month)

• In the rural area, the farmers’ community starts harvesting and with this joy they celebrate Nobanno.

• They made PAYESH (Sweet dish made with rice and boiled milk), various kind of traditional rice cakes to celebrate Nobanno.

Nobanno Celebration

PAUSH PARBON

• In Winter season people celebrate Paush Parbon with Date Juice and various kinds of Pithas.

• Kuli pitha, Khajer pitha, Vapa pitha, chitai pitha and various date juice based pitha are remarkable.

• Grihasto (farmer) invites their married daughter and son of law on the occasion.

PAUSH PARBON Celebration

Traditional Marriage Ceremony in Bangladesh

• Settle marriage is popular in Bangladesh.• Once the guardians (only) of bride and grooms settled such

relation and the bride and groom’s opinions had minor priority.

• Now a day the situations has been improved and given the priority of bride and bride groom likes.

• They invite all friends, neighbors and relatives as much possible on the weeding festival.

• Bangladeshi weeding ceremony has its own tradition and customs for days long.

Traditional Marriage Ceremony

Traditional Games

About Bangladesh TRANSPORTAION

RICKSHAW: a popular transport of Bangladesh

About Bangladesh TRANSPORTAION

Older Form

Newer Form

Cox’sBAZAR: the longest sea beach

Largest Mangrove Forest

“The Suderbans”

Thank YouLong Live Bangladesh