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The Treaty of Versailles
1.Why did the Allies disagree about what should be done to
Germany?
2. What exactly was the Treaty of Versailles and how did
Germany react to it?
1. Why did the Allies disagree about what
should be done to Germany?
In November 1918 Germany surrenders to the Allied countries. The most powerful ones, being France, USA and Britain, wanted to create a treaty that clearly explained what Germany would now have to do.
BUT WHAT SHOULD THEY DO?
It soon became clear that the main Allied countries could not agree on what the treaty should include. The only thing they could agree on was where the decision
would be made: A French palace in a city called Versailles.
Many Historians believe that disagreements happened because
the war affected the countries in many different ways.
750,000 men died
Spent nearly £8 billion of which 1 Billion was
borrowed from the USA
Some British people blamed Germany for the war and wanted
revenge
The British Prime Minister thought that if the Treaty was too harsh,
then Germany might one day start another war.
I don’t want to cripple Germany in the Treaty. I think that this could start another war in the future, but people in Britain
want Germany to pay.
They joined in 1917 and lost 113,000 men
Their land was never attacked
USA wanted to a ‘softer’ treaty because they thought Germany was
important for the future
I don’t agree with France. Its probably because we didn’t suffer
nearly as mush as the French. However, I want to focus upon
setting up the League of Nations.
Most of the fighting took place in Northern France.
1,250,000 men died
Germany stole 90% of France’s coal and iron
1n 1914
Many roads and factories had been destroyed
An area the size of Wales had been
devastated
I want to make sure that Germany pays for the problems it has caused us. We suffered the most in WW1
and we demand revenge and reparations
Clemencau
2. What exactly was the Treaty of Versailles and
how did Germany react to it?
FRANCE
USA
BRITAIN
“SIGN THE TREATY OR WE
WILL INVADE YOU……ITS
YOUR CHOICE!”
The treaty was dictated to Germany as they did not have a
say in it. This is known as ‘Diktat’.
THE TREATY
WAR GUILT
Germany had to accept the blame for starting the war
MASSIVE ARMY CUTS
The Army was cut to just 100,000 men, the Navy could only have 6
battleships and they were not allowed to build any planes, tanks
or submarines.
GERMAN LAND GIVEN AWAY
Germany lost land to France, Poland, Belgium and Denmark. An area of Germany was even separated from the mainland.
GERMANY’S EMPIRE
All of Germany’s African colonies were taken away and
given away to the Allied countries.
PAY COMPENSATION
This was know as reparations. Germany had to pay £6.6 Billion. This is about £500
Billion in today’s value. (100,000,000,000 German
marks)
Not only did Germany lose about 10% of its land, it also consequently lost 10% of its population. German people were now living in foreign countries.
Land taken away from Germany under the treaty of Versailles
Today in the Hall of Mirrors of Versailles the disgraceful Treaty is being signed.
Do not forget it. The German people will press forward to reconquer the place among nations to which we deserve. Then will come revenge for the shame of 1919.
From a German Newspaper on the day the treaty was
signed.
The war, just like the majority of
countries, had left Germany almost bankrupt. As its
people starved and the country lay in chaos the Allies
gave them a bill that they simply could
not afford.
“ When we have paid 100,000,000,000 marks, then I shall be able to
feed you.”
These words were on a German newspaper cartoon from 1919. It showed a
starving and crying baby and a Mother. The Mother was saying this to her child.
Germany was a proud country due to its military strength and strong traditions of dominance within
that area of Europe. However, the treaty of Versailles created different feelings: