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7The Presidency
Video: The Big Picture
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Shea_Ch07_The_Presidency_Seg1_v2.html
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Video: The Basics
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg2_The_Presidency_v2.html
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President and the Constitution
Powerful Executive
Debate at the Convention
Article II and Ratification
7.1
Powerful Executive
Locke, Hobbes, Montesquieu
Prerogative power
Articles of Confederation
Washington the war hero
7.1
Debate at the Convention
Legislative versus executive power
Virginia Plan
New Jersey Plan
7.1
Article II and Ratification
Debate between opponents and proponents of ratification Cato Alexander Hamilton President ≠ king
7.1
Prayer at Valley Forge 7.1
7.1 People were wiling to ratify the Constitution because
a. the president would play a strong role.
b. Washington would be the first president.
c. the president’s role was clearly described.
d. they were persuaded by Alexander Hamilton’s arguments in the Federalist Papers.
7.1
7.1 People were wiling to ratify the Constitution because
7.1
a. the president would play a strong role.
b. Washington would be the first president.
c. the president’s role was clearly described.
d. they were persuaded by Alexander Hamilton’s arguments in the Federalist Papers.
Video: In Context
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg3_Presidency_v2.html
7.1
Evolution of the Presidency
Models of Presidential Power
Institutional Changes
Transformation of the Vice Presidency
7.2
Models of Presidential Power
Strong early presidents: George Washington Thomas Jefferson Andrew Jackson Abraham Lincoln
Whig model
7.2
Models of Presidential Power
Stewardship model Theodore Roosevelt
7.2
Theodore Roosevelt 7.2
Models of Presidential Power
Stewardship model Woodrow Wilson
Modern presidency FDR and the New Deal
7.2
Institutional Changes
Cabinet Members of inner cabinet have more access to president
7.2
TABLE 7.1: Departments of the President’s Cabinet
7.2
Cabinet 7.2
Institutional Changes
Executive Office of the President (EOP) National Security Council (NSC) National Security Adviser
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Council of Economic Advisers (CEA)
7.2
TABLE 7.2: Executive Office of the President in 2012
7.2
Institutional Changes
White House Office Chief of staff
Ramifications of staffing changes Institutional presidency Political as well as policy advice
7.2
Hillary Clinton 7.2
Transformation of the Vice Presidency
Insignificant office “I do not propose to be buried until I am dead”
Modern vice presidents Albert Gore Richard Cheney Joseph Biden
7.2
Vice President Joe Biden 7.2
7.2 Which of the following is part of the Executive Office of the President?
a. National Security Council
b. Department of Homeland Security
c. Department of Education
d. Department of Justice
7.2
7.2 Which of the following is part of the Executive Office of the President?
7.2
a. National Security Council
b. Department of Homeland Security
c. Department of Education
d. Department of Justice
Informal Powers of the President
Power to Persuade
Political Context
First Ladies
7.3
Power to Persuade
Presidential Power by Richard Neustadt = bedside reading for presidents
Personality and political skills
Going public Using media, technology
7.3
Political Context
Political order or context
Skowronek’s 4 eras: 1789-1832 1832-1900 1900-1973 1973-Present
7.3
Video: Thinking Like a Political Scientist
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg4_Presidency_v2.html
7.3
FIGURE 7.1: Ups and Downs of Presidential Approval Ratings
7.3
First Ladies
Martha Washington
Abigail Adams
Edith Wilson
Eleanor Roosevelt
Hilary Rodham Clinton
Michelle Obama
7.3
Michelle Obama 7.3
7.3 As a president’s time in office increases, his approval ratings
a. also increase
b. generally go down
c. remain stable
d. decline but then rise
7.3
7.3 As a president’s time in office increases, his approval ratings
7.3
a. also increase
b. generally go down
c. remain stable
d. decline but then rise
Roles of Modern Presidents
President as Chief of State
President as Chief Legislator
President as Chief Diplomat
President as Commander in Chief
President as Chief Executive
President’s Other Roles
Two Presidencies
7.4
President as Chief of State
Can any job prepare you to be president?
Ceremonial functions “His High Mightiness”? From levees to baseball
7.4
George W. Bush 7.4
President as Chief Legislator
FDR
Legislative Tools State of the Union Veto/Pocket veto
7.4
TABLE 7.3: Presidential Vetoes 7.4
FIGURE 7.2: Congressional Support for Presidential Initiatives
7.4
President as Chief Diplomat
More autonomy in foreign affairs
Treaties
Executive agreements
Ambassadors
7.4
President as Commander in Chief
President can deploy, but Congress declares war Congress holds purse strings
7.4
President as Commander in Chief
War Powers Resolution (1973)
Iran-Contra Affair
7.4
War casualties 7.4
Lyndon Johnson 7.4
President as Chief Executive
Vague policy
Increasing size of federal bureaucracy
Executive orders Proclamations National security directives Presidential decision directives
Signing statements
7.4
President’s Other Roles
Economist in chief
Moral leader
Head of his political party
7.4
Two Presidencies
Domestic policy Often frustrated
Foreign policy Better equipped
Integrated into dual presidency model by Aaron Wildavsky
7.4
7.4 Which of the following powers is given to the president?
a. Declare war
b. Negotiate treaties
c. Write legislation
d. Declare laws unconstitutional
7.4
7.4 Which of the following powers is given to the president?
7.4
a. Declare war
b. Negotiate treaties
c. Write legislation
d. Declare laws unconstitutional
Video: In the Real World
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg5_The_Presidency_v2.html
7.4
Explore the Simulation: You Are a First-Term President
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/long/long_longman_media_1/2013_mpsl_sim/simulation.html?simulaURL=8
7.4
Presidential Greatness
Personal presidency Growing size of federal bureaucracy Expansion of presidential powers Use of television in campaigning
7.5
Lincoln 7.5
Presidential Greatness
What makes a president great? Vision Pragmatism Consensus building Charisma Trustworthiness
7.5
TABLE 7.4: Rankings of American Presidents
7.5
7.5 Presidents who are considered among the greatest
a. presided during a strong economy.
b. didn’t expand the powers of the office.
c. served only one term.
d. confronted a major crisis.
7.5
7.5 Presidents who are considered among the greatest
7.5
a. presided during a strong economy.
b. didn’t expand the powers of the office.
c. served only one term.
d. confronted a major crisis.
Explorer: What Influences a President’s Public Approval?
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/long/long_magleby_mpslgbp_25/pex/pex3.html
7.5
Discussion Question
How do presidents use the “power to persuade” to implement their agenda? In what way is this power considered to be their most important?
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Video: So What?
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Shea_Ch07_The_Presidency_Seg6_v2.html
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