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SECTION 1: GOALS AND PRINCIPLES OF THE CONSTITUTION
Chapter 8 Government, Citizenship, and Constitution (1787-Present)
The Constitution Has 3 Main Parts
The PreambleThe ArticlesThe Amendments
The Preamble
Preamble
The Preamble is an introduction. The Preamble sets 6 goals
1. To form a more perfect union2. Establish Justice3. Insure Domestic Tranquility4. Provide for the Common Defense5. Promote the General Welfare6. Secure the Blessings of Liberty
Form a more perfect union
The States need to work together as a unified nation.
Establish Justice
To create laws and a system to solve disputes
What does domestic mean? Happening in the home
Insure domestic tranquility
To make sure we have peace in our homes
Provide for the common defense
To be able to raise armies for our defense
Promote the general welfare
To make sure we are happy and healthy
Sure the blessings of liberty
To make sure we are a free country
Preamble Goals
Preamble Goal What does it mean ?
Form a more perfect union The States need to work together as a unified nation.
Establish Justice To create laws and a system to solve disputes
Insure Domestic Tranquility To make sure we have peace in our homes
Provide for the Common Defense
To be able to raise armies for our defense
Promote the General Welfare To make sure we are happy and healthy
Secure the Blessings of Liberty
To make sure we are a free country
The Articles
There are 7 Articles in the ConstitutionThe first 3 set up the legislative,
executive, and judicial branches of government.
The 4th deals with state relationsThe 5th allows us to amend or change
the ConstitutionThe 6th sets the Constitution as the
Supreme Law and more important than state laws.
The 7th allows us to ratify or accept the Constitution
Amendments
The First 1o are called the Bill of Rights (1791)
After that there have been 17 more Amendments to the Constitution
Seven Basic Principles
Popular SovereigntyLimited GovernmentSeparation of PowersChecks and BalancesFederalismRepublicanismIndividual Rights
Popular Sovereignty
Ideas started to change from a king ruling to the people ruling, “We the people…”
People have the right to alter/abolish their governmentThe people hold ultimate authority
Limited Government
Wanted to avoid tyranny of a king in new government
The government only has the powers the Constitution gives it
EVERYONE must obey the law
Separation of Powers
Constitution divides government into 3 branches
What are they?
Checks and Balances
Why is it important to have a government system where there are checks and balances? Safeguard against abuse of power
Each branch has power to check/limit the actions of the other 2
Federalism
Division of power between federal government and states
Powers not given to federal government belong to states
Republicanism
Citizens elect representatives to carry out their will
Once in office can vote how they wish, but need to keep the peoples views in mind
Individual Rights
Constitution protects individual rightsFreedom of speechFreedom of religionRight to trial by jury