OECD EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK 2013

Key indicators

2

Labour market prospects remain grim in the Euro area but some improvement in the United States

Unemployment rates, 2007 Q4-2014 Q4

Shaded area refers to the OECD May 2013 economic projections.Source: OECD calculations based on the OECD Economic Outlook Database.

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

OECD

Euro area

United States

Japan

3

Large country divergence within the Euro area

Unemployment rates, 2007 Q4-2014 Q4

Shaded area refers to the OECD May 2013 economic projections.Source: OECD calculations based on the OECD Economic Outlook Database.

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Portugal

Greece

France

Germany

Spain

Italy

4

New record highs in unemployment have been reached in several countries

Unemployment rates before the crisis, at its peak and in Q1 2013a,b,c

Norw

ayKo

reaAu

stria

Switz

erlan

dJa

pan

Luxe

mbourg

Austr

alia

Mexico

Nethe

rland

sNe

w Ze

aland

Icelan

dCz

ech R

epub

licDe

nmark

Germ

any

Unite

d King

dom

Belgi

um G7OE

CDCa

nada

Finlan

dSw

eden

Slov

enia

Unite

d Stat

esIsr

ael

Polan

dFr

ance

Europ

ean U

nion

Chile

Hung

ary Italy

Euro

Area

Turke

ySl

ovak

Rep

ublic

Irelan

dPo

rtuga

lEs

tonia

Gree

ceSp

ain

0

4

8

12

16

20

24

28

Pre-crisis trough Peak Q1 2013

%

Note: Countries are shown in ascending order by the unemployment rate at its peak.*: Information on data for Israel: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932315602. a) For Israel, the series have been chained to take into account the break in series in 2012.b) Trough (peak) dates are defined as the start of the longest spell of consecutive increase (decrease) of the quarterly unemployment rates since Q4 2007.c) Q2 2013 for Canada and the United States.Source: OECD calculations based on the OECD Short-Term Indicators Database (Cut-off date: 12 July 2013).

5

Youth have been hit particularly hard by the crisis and youth unemployment remains high in most countries

Youth unemployment rates December 2007-May 2013a,b

Japa

nGerm

any

Switz

erlan

dNo

rway

Austr

iaMex

icoIsr

ael

Korea

Nethe

rland

sAu

strali

aDe

nmark

Icelan

dCa

nada

New

Zeala

nd G7OEC

DUn

ited S

tates

Turke

yCh

ileEs

tonia

Czec

h Rep

ublic

Luxe

mbourg

Unite

d King

dom

Finlan

dSl

oven

iaBe

lgium

Europ

ean U

nion

Swed

enEu

ro are

aFr

ance

Irelan

dPo

land

Hung

ary

Slov

ak R

epub

lic Italy

Portu

gal

Spain

Greece

05

101520253035404550556065

December 2007 May 2013

%

Note: Countries are shown by ascending order of the youth unemployment rate in May 2013.*: Information on data for Israel: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932315602. a) For Israel, the series have been chained to take into account the break in the LFS series of the year 2012.b) March 2013 for Greece, Slovenia, Turkey and the United Kingdom; April 2013 for Chile, Estonia, Hungary, Korea and Norway; June 2013 for Canada and

the United States; Q1 2013 for New Zealand and Switzerland. c) Source: OECD calculations based on the OECD Short-Term Indicators Database (Cut-off date: 12 July 2013).

6

The long-term unemployed now account for one in three unemployed persons in the OECD area

Percentage of unemployment, Q4 2007 and Q1 2013a,b

Note: Countries are shown by ascending order of the incidence of long-term unemployment in Q1 2013. Long-term unemployment refers to unemployment of 12 months or more*: Information on data for Israel: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932315602. a) Data are not seasonally adjusted but smoothed using three-quarter moving averages. OECD is the weighted average of 32 OECD countries excluding Chile

and Korea. For Israel and Portugal, the series have been chained to take into account the breaks in the LFS series of the years 2012 and 2011, respectivelyb) Q4 2011 for Israel; Q4 2012 for the European Union, the euro area, France and Switzerland.Source: OECD calculations based on the national labour force surveys.(Cut-off date: 12 July 2013).

Mexico

Israe

l*Ne

w Ze

aland

Cana

daAu

strali

aSw

eden

Norw

ayTu

rkey

Finlan

dAu

stria

Denm

arkIce

land

Unite

d Stat

esSw

itzerl

and

Nethe

rland

sOE

CDLu

xembo

urg G7Un

ited K

ingdo

mFr

ance

Polan

dJa

pan

Germ

any

Hung

aryCz

ech R

epub

licBe

lgium

Europ

ean U

nion

Eston

iaSl

oven

iaSp

ainEu

ro are

aPo

rtuga

lIta

lyIre

land

Gree

ceSl

ovak

Rep

ublic

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Q4 2007 Q1 2013

%

7

Recent reforms of Employment Protection Legislation show evidence of cross-country convergence

Protection of permanent workers against individual and collective dismissals, 2008 and 2013

* Aggregate of the 21 OECD countries of the European Union.Source: OECD Employment Protection Database, 2013 update.

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

42013 2008

Scale 0-6

OECD average: 2.29

8

Generally no further deregulation of temporary contracts

Regulation on temporary forms of employment, 2013

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

2013 2008

Scale 0-6

* Aggregate of the 21 OECD countries of the European Union.Source: OECD Employment Protection Database, 2013 update.

OECD average: 2.08

9

OECD Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs www.oecd.org/els

OECD Employment Outlook www.oecd.org/employment/outlook

OECD Employment database www.oecd.org/employment/database

@OECD_Social

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