1. Nuclear Weapons after the cold war Agenda 3 EUA 601 and 620 Contemporary World Arena

2. Background 1 3. A new agenda 2 4. The continuing agenda 3 5. Nuclear weapons 6. This world of ours is four thousand, six hundred million years old. It could end in an afternoon 7. existing stockpiles 2 0 1 3 8. Today we will examine the place of nuclear weapons on the international agenda in the cold war evaluate the broader problem of WMD in the post Cold War environment. 9. Background 1 10. 1905 E=Mc 2 11. 1919 Rutherford split the atom 12. cold war 13. Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD) 14. J Robert Oppenheimer on the first atomic bomb 15. caution and self-restraint vital 16. A new agenda 2 17. 1957 International Atomic Energy Authority 18. promotes the peaceful use of nuclear energy and inhibits its use for any military purpose 19. Partial Test-Ban Treaty1963 20. slow the arms race prohibit all test detonations except underground stop excessive radioactive fallout 21. 1968 Nuclear Non- Proliferation Treaty 22. Non-Proliferation Treaty (video) 23. non-proliferation nuclear disarmament Right to peaceful use of nuclear energy 187 states; not India, Pakistan Israel and Cuba between nuclear weapon states (NWS) and non-nuclear weapon states (NNWS). 24. Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty1972 25. US and USSR Limited ABM sites to one each Banned missile defence systems (anti-missile missiles) 26. Strategic Defence Initiative1983 27. The real star wars 28. destabilized and broke most treaty norms 29. Started new arms race 30. Hostilities in decline1987 31. Ownership of nuclear weapons limited Big 5++ 32. Post Cold War vertical reduction 33. Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties (START) 34. start 11991 35. US and Russia to reduce arsenals by 50%by 1998 (done by 2001) 36. start 21992 37. Banned mirvs 38. 2002 39. Russia withdrew because U.S. withdrew from a.b.m. treaty. 40. ctbt1996 41. Bans all nuclear explosions, including 42. peaceful nuclear explosions 43. But 44. 1996- Signed by 150 countries. Not india and pakistan inactive due to non-ratification by 8 states 45. h o r i z o n t a l p r o l i f e r a t i o n 46. End of Cold War 47. Fragmentation of 48. old clients 49. Increase in autonomous Soviet states with nuclear weapons 50. Evolving nuclear powers 51. leaky states 52. china& pakistan providing guidance systems and special steels for missile programmes n. korea exporting missile tech to Iran, Pakistan & Libya 53. worse... Even 54. nuclear terrorism 55. Dirty bombs by transnational groups 56. Government officials selling weapons to arms dealers and terrorists 57. A continuing agenda 3 58. 2010 Start Treaty 59. start2010 60. US and Russia Initially for 10 years nuclear warhead reductions 30% further reduction on 2002 Moscow Treaty on-site inspections, notifications and exchange of telemetry No prohibitions on missile defence or long range conventional weapons 61. conclusion 62. Nuclear weapons remain on agenda despite end of Cold War emphasis on horizontal proliferation 63. States still privilege material military power realism Global and social context for nuclear weapons can be changed constructivism International institutions necessary and effective to date liberalism Capitalist contradictions ensure confrontation of international classes marxism