•By 1800, TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE had ruled for 200 years & kept Japan isolated.

• Other nations want to trade

MATTHEW PERRY

•1853: US fleet under Commodore. Matthew Perry lands in Tokyo w/ letter from Pres. Milliard Fillmore

•Asks for better treatment of shipwrecked sailors & open relationships.

• Japan says NO

•Perry comes back w/ bigger fleet.

• Japan’s leaders argue. •Make CONCESSIONS or political compromises.

TREATY OF KANAGAWA•Under military pressure, agree to TREATY OF KANAGAWA

•Opens up ports & sets up American consulate.

•Samurai warriors dislike openness.

•Form Sat Cho alliance & forced shogun to promise to end contact w/ west.

•Sat Cho attack •Shogun collapses &•Emperor restored.

•SAT CHO distrust west, but need change.

• MUTSUHITO, new emperor, under control of SAT CHO.

•Known as MEIJI or enlightened ruler.

•Leaders take land from Daimyo, (local lords), but named them governors of

territories called PREFECTURES.

•Ito Hirobumi sent to other nations to study govts over next

20 years

•Create new govt. •Emperor is figurehead & Prime Minister ran country.

• 2 house legislature. Very authoritarian

(strict direct control)

ECONOMICS•Improve ECONOMICS: Govt provides training, improves transport & communication.

• Set up businesses & then turn them over to private ownership.

•Adopted American edu system.

•Sent brightest to study abroad

•Taught western ideas & loyalty to family, community

•Military- Strengthen army, add modern weapons &

require military service.

•Japan expands to get resources, mkts & labor. (IMPERIALISM

•Fights China for Korea 1894

JAPAN EXPANDS•China loses & gives independence to Korea & Taiwan to Japan.

•1904 go to war w/ Russia over Korea

JAPAN EXPANDS

Russia loses gives land to Japan.

•Japan annexes Korea

•What’s next?