PAKISTAN’S INTER SERVICES INTELLIGENCE (ISI)

FRONTIER POST OF PESHAWAR

DAWN OF KARACHI

PREVIEW

PART I GENESIS OF ISI

GROWTH UNDER VARIOUS REGIMES

ORG OF ISI

ISI PSY

ISI DESIGN

PART II ISI ACTIVITIES IN CC

THEATRE

PART III COUNTER MEASURES

FOUNDED IN 1948 BY BRITISH ARMY OFFRMAJ GEN R CAWTHOME .

CONCEIVED AS PART OF MIL EST INTENDED TO COMBINE AND COORD INT SETUPS OF THE

SERVICES.

UNLIKE OTHER COUNTRIES – TOP AND MIDDLE RUNG OFFRS DRAWN FROM MIL EST.

CHIEF DESIGNATED AS DG ( SERVING LT GEN ).

3 DDG UNDER THE DG – ONE EACH FROM THREE SERVICES.

GENESIS OF ISI

UNDER AYUB KHAN (1948-1971) BEEFED UP AS A POL ESPG AGENCY.

SIDELINED IB AFTER 1965.

UNDER ZULFIKAR ALI BHUTTO (1972-1977) LOST IMP, RELEGATED TO SIDELINES.

UNDER GEN ZIA -UL –HAQUE (1977-1988) ZIA’S MISTRUST FOR CIV INT AGENCIES –

TOTAL RELIANCE ON ISI.

DRAMATIC UPLIFT WITH US COALITION TO CHECKMATE USSR IN AFGHANISTAN (1979).

GROWTH UNDER VARIOUS REGIMES

UNCHECKED, UNAUDITED ACCESS TO VAST RESERVOIR OF ARMS , AMN AND FINANCES MEANT FOR USE AGAINST RUSSIA QUIETLY DIVERTED FOR NEFARIOUS DESIGNS AGAINST INDIA.

INITIATION OF K-2 POLICY.

PERFECT INSTR OF TERRORISM – INTERNATIONAL REACH .

GROWTH UNDER VARIOUS REGIMES

UNDER BENAZIR BHUTTO (1988-90 & 1993-96)

ATTEMPTS TO DOWN SCALE THE STATUS AND ROLE OF ISI VIS A VIS THE IB.

ISI ROLE MARGINALIZED.

IB STR INCR 3 TIMES AND BUDGET 4 TIMES.

UNDER NAWAZ SHARIEF (1990-93 & 1996-99)

PRESTIGE OF ORG RESTORED.

UNDER GEN MUSHARRAF (1999 – Till Date)

BEST OF TIMES FOR ISI.

LT GEN MEHMOOD AHMED DG ISI

- FORMER GOC 10 CORPS (RAWAL PINDI).

- MASTER MINDED HIJACKING OF IA FLIGHT IC 814

- KARGIL - 1999.

LT GEN EHSAN -UL -HAQ APPOINTED DG ISI POST 9/11.

LT GEN ASHFAQ PARVEZ KAYANI APPOINTED DG ISI WEF 07 OCT 04.

PRESENT ORG OF ISI

ISI(DG - LT GEN)

DDG (POLITICAL) DDG (EXTERNAL) DDG (ADM & MISC) (MAJ GEN) (MAJ GEN) (MAJ GEN)

DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR JT INT (MISC) JT INT (X)

JT INT JT INT SIG JT INT DIRECTOR DIRECTORBUREAU BUREAU NORTH OPS ADM

DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR(SVL) (EXTERNAL (PM SECTT) (ASIA, POLITICAL) EUROPE

& MID- EAST)

DD DD DD DD JT INT COMN PHOTO WIRELESS TECH MONITORING COMN

AD AD AD AD AD LABOUR STUDENT POLITICAL TERRORISM VIP SECURITY

ADDL DIRSPEC TASK

OPS BUREAU

COORD CONT OFACTIVITIES IN INDIA

ASSISTANCE FORTERRORIST ACTIVITIES

AFGHAN CELLFOREIGN BUREAUK CELL

JOINT INT NORTH

I CELL

CONDUCTS ESPG IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

OPs ARE CONTROLLED :-

DIRECTLY FROM HEADQUARTERS

THROUGH AGENTS

INDIRECTLY THROUGH STAFF POSTED ABROAD UNDER COVER

ASSIGNMENTS

OFFENSIVE INT OPS

JOINT INT MISC

LARGEST WG SERVES AS THE SECTT.

COORD FOR OTHER WGS AND FD ORG.

PREP INT APPRE AND THREAT PERCEPTION.

FINANCIAL AND ADM SP TO THE ORG.

JOINT INT X

DEFENCE SERVICES INTELLIGENCE ACADEMY (OJHRI) PROVIDES TRAINING TO ISI CADRES.

MILITARY LIAISON SECTION

CLOSE LIAISON WITH OTHER AGENCIES.

REP ALL CIV SECURITY AGENCIES, PARA MIL ORG,

FEDERAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES AND

PASSPORT & IMMIGRATION DTE.

SPECIAL WINGS

ORG OF REGIONAL ISI BUREAU

REGIONAL ISI BUREAU

OPS COORD WG LGS SUPPORT PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPT INCHARGE

COMPUTER &RECORDS

OPS STAFF TRG DEPT WPN DEPTPUB RELATION

& RELIGION DEPTSUPPLY WG

INT UNITS TPT DEPT

TPT BASE WKSP

COMN &RADIODEPT

PUBLICATION& DISTR OFPUBLICITYMATERIAL

PROPO-GANDADEPT

CO - COL COL LT COL

LT COLLT COL

CDR - BRIG

ORG PAK INT UNITS

CORPS INT BN COMMANDED BY COL.

BRICK SYS.

FIU APPROX SEC STR LOC ALONG LC/IB OP ROLE

- OPS AND TAC INT.

IN SP OF TERRORISTS

- SPOTTING OF RECTS FOR TRG CAMPS.

- ORG GUIDES,TPT ETC FOR TERRORISTS INFILT INTO INDIA.

PERS FROM ALL THREE SERVICES

DEPUTATION FROM POLICE, PMF &

SPECIALIST UNITS

TOTAL STR APPROXIMATELY 25,000

STR AND PERSONNEL

PAK ISI PSYCHOLOGY

KEEP INDIA DESTABILISED. NEUTR

CONVENTIONAL SUPERIORITY OF INDIAN ARMED

FORCES OVER PAK. KEEP IA OCCUPIED WITH IS DUTIES - TWO EXTRA DIV AT NO COST.

PREVENT INDIA FROM EMERGING AS REGIONAL

MIL & ECONOMIC POWER . WEAKENING OF INDIAN STATE AND SUBVERTING

ITS RELATIONS WITH SAARC COUNTRIES.

PAK ISI PSYCHOLOGY

LEADERSHIP OF ISLAMIC BLOC WHILE

AVOIDING ANY DIRECT CONFRONTATION WITH

USA.

NOT TO OFFEND US ON TERRORISM

DJINN.

CATCH 22.

ROLE OF FUNDAMENTALISTS

GIVING THE FUNDAMENTALISTS A HIGHER OBJ.

PAK ISI PSYCHOLOGY

DINIA??

CHOUDHARY REHAMAT ALI

AN ISLAMIC COUNTRY – DINIA.

- BENGAL, ASSAM - BANG-E-ISLAM.

- BIHAR - FARUQISTAN

- UP - HAIDARISTAN.

- RAJASTHAN - MUINISTAN.

- HYDERABAD - OSMANISTAN.

- MALABAR - MOPALISTAN.

ISIMOTHER OF TERRORISM

• DIRECT SP.– JKLF.– HM.– HUA.– HUJI.– HUM.– LET.– JEM.– AL-BADR.

• INDIRECT SP.– MAOIST.– NSCN.– UNLF.– PLA.– ULFA.– BLT.

DIVERSION OF FOREIGN AID FOR AFGHANISTAN

ZAKAT COLLECTION.

NARCOTICS-TRADE

FAKE CURRENCY RACKETS IN INDIA

RELIEF TRUSTS ABROAD

ARMS DEALS

GOVT FUNDING

FUNDS

AMERICA

SAUDI ARABIA

OIC

CIA

ISI

ISI ACTIVITIES IN COMD THEATRE

CENTRAL INDIA

MADHYA PRADESH

UTTAR PRADESH

NEPAL

BIHAR

JHARKHAND

CHATTISGARH

UTTARANCHAL

ORISSA

PECULIARITIES OF CC THEATRE GEO.

POROUS BORDER WITH NEPAL. PROXIMITY WITH BANGLADESH.

DEMOGRAPHY.

MAJ THEOLOGICAL INSTITUTIONS • DAR-UL-ULOOM.• MARKAZ –E- DAWA.• MUSLIM PERS LAW BD.• TABLIGH – E – JAMAAT.

POL. CASTE AND CREED EXPL. WORST ADMINISTERED STATES.

PECULIARITIES OF CC THEATRE EDN.

ECO. SENSITIVE MIL/ ORD/ LGS INSTNS IN THE AREA.

VITAL COMN LINKS PASS THROUGH AOR.

NO OF ARMY PERS HAILING FROM THE AREA.

• SAFE SANCTUARY – PERS, WPNS AND

EXPLS.

• NURSERY FOR RECT- MADARASAS.

• FRACTURED MANDATE OF POL PARTIES.

• APPEASEMENT POLICY OF POL PARTIES.

• CROSS BORDER MOV OF PERS – RELATIVES / MARRIAGES.

FALLOUTS OF PECULIARITIES

• WHIP UP COMMUNAL RIOTS – AYODHYA,

KRISHNA- JANM-BHOOMI, GYANVYAPI

MOSQUE.

• MAOISTS, NAXALITES AND PVT ARMIES.

FALLOUTS OF PECULIARITIES

• FEELING OF INSECURITY.

• MOTIVATED AND TRAINED MODULES TO CREATE

MAYHEM AT SHORT NOTICE - ANY TIME ANY WHERE.

• NEPAL

– ARMS, AMN AND EXPL.

– COLLECTION OF INT.

– FAKE CURRENCY.

– EASY ENTRY.

FALLOUTS OF PECULIARITIES

YEAR ARRESTS

2001 ISI AGENTS - 4

JEM - 8

LET - 3

HM - 4

2002 ISI AGENTS - 28

JEM - 4

LET - 8

HM - 10

AL BADR - 7

ISI ACTIVITIES IN UP 2001- AUG 06

YEAR ARRESTS

2003 ISI AGENTS - 6

JEM - 3

LET - 3

HM - 4

2004 ISI AGENTS - 10

JEM - 7

LET - 6

HM - 1

AL BADR - 4

YEAR ARRESTS

2005 ISI AGENTS - 8

JEM - 3

LET - 14

HM - 1

2006 ISI AGENTS - 10

JEM - 7

LET - 6

HUJI - 4

TOTALTOTAL ISI - 66ISI - 66

TERRORISTS - 109TERRORISTS - 109

CHANGED MODUS OPERANDI

• SMALL CELLS.

• AUTONOMOUS.

• SELF MOTIVATED.

• INNOVATIVE USE OF EXPL DEVICES.

• SUICIDE SQUADS.

• SELECTION OF TGTS.

- MASS DESTRUCTION.

- NO HOLD BARS.

• USE OF COMN BOOM.

• INTERNATIONALISATION.

• UNLIMITED FUNDS.

• MAFIA NEXUS.

COUNTER MEASURES

CommanderIntelligence Officer

Threat Level

INTERROGATIVES

How ?How ?

Why ?Why ?

Where ?Where ?

Who ?Who ?

What ?What ?

When ?When ?

• Analyze

• Pre

dict

• Pre

vent

• Determine existence, nature, and degree of threat• Profile of Tgt.• Recommend specific counter measures to specific threat

INT FUNCTIONS • Intelligence Collection

IM INT HUM INT

Assess activitiesIden grey areasPredict probability

Lowest level Timely

• Intelligence Analysis

• Intelligence Dissemination• Counter Measures

SIG INT HUM INT

SECURITY

• SECURITY OF MEN.

• SECURITY OF MTRL.

• SECURITY OF INFO.

• SECURITY OF OPS.

PHYSICALSECURITY

PREVENTION(INTELLIGENCE)

TARGET

CRISISMGT

FOUR STGS OF COUNTER INTELLIGENCE

INVESTIGATION AND PROSECUTION

• INVESTIGATION HELPS TO FIND OUT OWN WEAKNESSES.

• REVEALS MODUS OPERANDI OF THE PERPETRATORS.

• EXEMPLARY PUNISHMENT WOULD ACT AS A DETERRENT.

COUNTER MEASURESMACRO LEVEL

• A COHESIVE AND COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL POLICY.

• CLEAR, CONSISTENT AND DECISIVE

DIRECTIONS.

• TRANSLATE DIRECTIONS INTO ACTIONS.

• COORD OF ALL INT AGENCIES AT VARIOUS LEVELS.

• SHED IMAGE OF BEING SOFT STATE.

• STRINGENT LAWS, FAST TRACK COURTS, VERDICT WITHIN MONTHS IF NOT WEEKS.

• CLOSE CO-OP WITH OTHER COUNTRIES.

SHARE INFO, JT OPS, EXTRADITION TREATY.

• TERRORISM – LAW AND ORDER

PROBLEM.

• BETTER TRAINED AND WELL EQUIPPED PMF AND POLICE.

• RESPONSIBILITY OF ONE AND ALL – GET UP AND GET COUNTED.

COUNTER MEASURESMICRO LEVELS

VULNERABLE PERS• BORDER AREAS.• AREAS AFFECTED BY TERRORISM.• PERS WHILE TRAVELLING.• CILQ.• FINANCIAL DEBT.• FOND OF GOOD LIVING.• MORE THAN NORMAL RELIGIOUS

LEANINGS.• PEER PRESSURE.• RELATIVES STAYING ABROAD- UAE, SAUDI,

PAK.• DEEMS INJUSTICE DONE.• ALTRUISTS.

PROFILE OF A PERS INVOVED• REMAINS ALOOF/ EXTRA SOCIAL.• INCREASED VISITORS.• FINANCIAL DEALINGS.• FREQUENT LVE / EXTENSIONS. • TELE CALLS.• STD OF LIVING.• SHIFTY CHARACTER.• HIGH IQ. • EXTRA EFFICIENT.• UNEXPLAINABLE ABSENCE.• WORKING LONG HOURS.• VICES?• MAINT A DIARY.

As offrs, must know the habits of pers under

comd. Encourage own tps to promptly report any

attempts by a suspicious pers to est links. Discourage clks working after office

hours/without supervision Discreet watch on pers asking for lve too

frequently. Strict cont on reproduction/ copier facilities. Destr of ‘obsolete’ docus be supervised. Check pers known to be financially

embarrassed. Use Sainik Sammelans to disseminate en’s

modus operandi.

COUNTER MEASURES

• Briefing and debriefing of lve parties.

• Cultivate confidence of tps in superiors

and the system.• Intro Buddy Sys.• Periodical inspections of cl docu be

done properly.• Ensure proper handing/taking over

drills at all levels.• Incorporate security trg in normal

trg.

• Surprise checks must be enforced.

• Prophylactic svl of pers holding sensitive appts.

• Have Unit Security Standing Orders updated whenever warranted.