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The impact of the new media on transformation of the public sphere
in Russia
Four-year student: Yudanov I.V.
Scientific supervisor: Kashirskikh O.N.
Topicality
• The impact of political communication framework on overall institutional environment in Russia
• Changing configuration of the public space in Russia
• The new political reality in Russia
Public sphere
• Used by Jurgen Habermas in his work “Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere” (1962)
• Public sphere as a social institution, within which independent and critically-reviewed opinion is formed
• The formation of rational consensus is a precondition for the emergence of pluralism
Public sphere and the new media
• The growing political activism in Russia is closely linked with the development of the new media
• The formation of new media spaces in recent years increased the degree of discussions and critical perception of political events within Russian society
• Do the new media shape a new public sphere, or whether they only simulate its formation?
Discussions within expert community
• J.Fernback and B.Thomson: virtual world is rather an imitation of the public sphere
• R.Barbrook: the new media’s development is a triumph of the "digerati“
• L.Friedland: new communication technologies expand democratic practices
It is generally accepted that…
• Russian blogosphere is a space free from the state control.
• There is a "discussion core" that contains discussions on social and political issues
• Russian Internet-users consume information that differs from that covered on federal TV channels
However…
• E.Gorny: Russian blogosphere is only a substitution for the public sphere, as well as literature and criticism in the XIX century and the independent media in the 1990s were
• Golynko-Volfson: in the years of Putin's stability the phenomenon of active interaction in the public sphere was “frozen” and actually was equated with forms of leisure entertainment
Novelty of the research
• Even such a "frozen" public sphere is gradually beginning to “thaw”
• December protests put the sceptical estimates into question
• The middle class, using new electronic media, trendy Internet TV channels and receiving news from social networking, is now a major actor in civil society
• Media content which is consumed by the middle class largely determines the transformation of the public sphere in Russia
The object of this research is…
• …the public sphere in Habermasian interpretation
The subject matter of our research is ...
• …the impact of the new media on transformation of the public sphere in Russia
The main goal of this research is..
• …to analyze the impact of new media on transformation of the public sphere in Russia, based on the new political reality
To do this we need to accomplish several tasks…
• To analyze the phenomenon of the public sphere as a space of communication
• To analyze the role of the new media in public space in general and in Russia, in particular
• To interpret the processes of transformation of the public sphere in Russia and the factors influencing this process
• To analyze the impact of the new media on transformation of the public sphere in Russia (with case studies), especially given the new political reality
The structure of the research
• Introduction
• Three chapters
• Conclusion
In the first chapter…
• The terms "the public sphere" and "the new media" are defined
• Theoretical aspects of the concept of the public sphere, its interpretation and criticism, are considered
In the second chapter…
• We will inspect the impact of the new media on political processes
• We’ll examine the process of how traditional media are replaced with new digital forms
• We’ll take a closer look at the examples of the above mentioned processes in Russia
In the third chapter…
• Russian public sphere itself will be the object of our attention
• We’ll examine the transformation of the public sphere during 1990’s, 2000’s and early 2010’s
• The role of new media in this transformation, as well as their impact on recent political events are to be analyzed
In the conclusion…
• …the main findings of the research will be formulated and forecast for the further transformation of public sphere is to be drawn
Thank you!