Mr. Hernane B. BuellaMr. Hernane B. Buella

CopyreadingCopyreading is much is like the work of a communication arts teacher is much is like the work of a communication arts teacher correcting compositions, except that he uses different correcting compositions, except that he uses different symbols.symbols. symbols are universally known to printers.symbols are universally known to printers. the symbols used in copyreading are the same symbols the symbols used in copyreading are the same symbols used in used in pagwawasto ng sipipagwawasto ng sipi to eliminate or correct errors to to eliminate or correct errors to improve the copy. improve the copy. a copy may be a news item, editorial, a feature story or a copy may be a news item, editorial, a feature story or any literary article.any literary article.

Errors could be of any kind Errors could be of any kind –– errors in fact, in grammar in errors in fact, in grammar in structure or in style.structure or in style.

Like a teacher of English you correct errors in spelling, Like a teacher of English you correct errors in spelling, punctuation, capitalization abbreviation, the use of the punctuation, capitalization abbreviation, the use of the different parts of speech, in subject-verb agreement, tenses, different parts of speech, in subject-verb agreement, tenses, mood, number, case and the like.mood, number, case and the like.

In copy editing a news report, you should see to it that the In copy editing a news report, you should see to it that the proper lead is used and that this lead contains the most proper lead is used and that this lead contains the most important element.important element.

See to it that the paragraphs are arranged according to See to it that the paragraphs are arranged according to decreasing importance following the inverted pyramid decreasing importance following the inverted pyramid structure.structure.

In editing an editorial see to it that it begins with an In editing an editorial see to it that it begins with an introduction composed of a newspeg and reaction. This is introduction composed of a newspeg and reaction. This is followed by the body (the arguments and stand of the editor followed by the body (the arguments and stand of the editor on the issue), then by the conclusion. In short, correct errors on the issue), then by the conclusion. In short, correct errors in structure.in structure.

There is also a thing called newspaper or editorial There is also a thing called newspaper or editorial style.style.

Every paper should have a stylesheet or stylebook as a Every paper should have a stylesheet or stylebook as a guideline for the sake of consistency .guideline for the sake of consistency .

A stylesheet is a set of rules mainly in punctuation, A stylesheet is a set of rules mainly in punctuation, abbreviation, syllabication, uses figures, capitalization abbreviation, syllabication, uses figures, capitalization and spelling. You may use the and spelling. You may use the Manila Times Style Manila Times Style Book Book by Jose Luna Castro. Most metropolitan dailies by Jose Luna Castro. Most metropolitan dailies use it. You may find one in use it. You may find one in Campus JournalismCampus Journalism by by Ceciliano-Jose Cruz, pp.213-220Ceciliano-Jose Cruz, pp.213-220

There is no question of right or wrong, just a matter of style. After you have adopted one, be consistent.

Also, eliminate opinion in news stories; this is called editorializing. Delete libelous words and expressions, vulgar and indecent words. Cross out redundant words and verbal deadwood. Use adjectives sparingly. News is supposed to be objective and factual. Delete also seditious and rebellious matter and those violative of our laws.

COPYREADING DefinedCOPYREADING Definedfor correctionsfor corrections

for improvementfor improvementFor style sheetFor style sheetaccordanceaccordance

EDITINGEDITINGarticlearticle

NewsNewsFeaturesFeatures

SportsSportsEditorialsEditorials

CutlinesCutlines

Mga Pananda sa Pagwawasto ng sipi

pangulo ng pilipinas - limbagin sa malaking titik

Pag-asa ng Bayan - limbagin sa maliit na titik

Manila Times - limbagin na maitim(boldface)

Dahil sa Isang Bulaklak - limbagin ng palihis(italics)

Dahil sa iyo, ang sabi niya - lagyan ng panipi

Paco Manila - lagyan ng kuwit

2000-01 - lagyan ng kudlit

barangay - singitan ng titik

inang baayn - pagpalitin ang lugar ng titik

Jose Lina Jr., Gobernador - pagpalitin ang lugar ng salita

pinunong ng bayan - alisin at pagkabitin

Pang. Gloria M. Arroyo - isulat nang buo

8 katao - isulat nang pasalita

labing dalawang katao - isulat sa numero o tambilang

Doktor Warren Cruz - daglatin

Simula bukas - wastong pasok ng talataan

kahapon. Simula bukas - panibagong talataan

natapos ang panayam

Subalit wala pang tiyak - pagdugtungin o pasunurin

Ngunit di pa yari - walang bagong talataan

pin untahan - pagkabitin

Malaking Panayam - igitna ang subhead

Panggulo ng Pilipinas - alisin at paglapitin

Maynilas - kaltasin/pungusin

Wilfredo Krus - hayaang manatili ang pagkabaybay

Mabait na bata - panatilihin, huwag baguhin

more pa - may karugtong

30 # - wakes ng artikulo

Headline WritingHeadline Writing News stories, are important, but the headlines that introduce News stories, are important, but the headlines that introduce

these stories to the readers are also important. Good these stories to the readers are also important. Good headlines will make a newspaper page attractive; poor headlines will make a newspaper page attractive; poor headlines will make a page seem dull. Poor headlines might headlines will make a page seem dull. Poor headlines might discourage them from reading the stories.discourage them from reading the stories.

A headline is the title of a news story. It summarizes the A headline is the title of a news story. It summarizes the whole news story. Oftentimes, it is the gist of the lead.whole news story. Oftentimes, it is the gist of the lead.

What kind of headline style does your newspaper use? In the What kind of headline style does your newspaper use? In the traditional newspaper headline, every word is capitalized traditional newspaper headline, every word is capitalized except for short prepositions like except for short prepositions like at, by, for, from, in, on, to, at, by, for, from, in, on, to, etc. and theetc. and the. They are capitalized only when they appear at . They are capitalized only when they appear at the beginning of a line.the beginning of a line.

A newer style of headline writing; however, A newer style of headline writing; however, capitalizes only the first word and proper nouns that capitalizes only the first word and proper nouns that would be capitalized in a normal sentence. The two would be capitalized in a normal sentence. The two styles of headlines are shown below:styles of headlines are shown below:

Traditional StyleTraditional Style Newer StyleNewer StyleClc (cap & lower case)Clc (cap & lower case) Ds (Down Style)Ds (Down Style)

Food ProductionFood Production Food productionFood productionDrive IntensifiedDrive Intensified drive intensifieddrive intensified

If a newspaper wishes to call special attention to a If a newspaper wishes to call special attention to a news story, it will capitalize every letter in every news story, it will capitalize every letter in every word.word.

(All Caps)(All Caps)DOPE UPSURGE IN SCHOOLDOPE UPSURGE IN SCHOOLCOMMUNITY NOTEDCOMMUNITY NOTED

Ordinarily, most newspapers call attention to their Ordinarily, most newspapers call attention to their most important news stories by giving them multiple-most important news stories by giving them multiple-column headlines. A multiple-column headline is one column headlines. A multiple-column headline is one which extends over two, three, four or more column which extends over two, three, four or more column width. Such wide headlines; however, are set in much width. Such wide headlines; however, are set in much larger type than single column headlines.larger type than single column headlines.

Example:Example:Nation celebrates Centennial Year,Nation celebrates Centennial Year,Chief Executive delivers messageChief Executive delivers message

The examples of headlines we have seen so far have The examples of headlines we have seen so far have been written in two lines. This is called a been written in two lines. This is called a running running headhead. But sometimes newspapers print three-line . But sometimes newspapers print three-line headline:headline:

33rdrd seminar seminaron familyon familyplanning heldplanning held

In longer stories, a newspaper may even add a second In longer stories, a newspaper may even add a second headline called a headline called a deckdeck, also called , also called bankbank or or readoutreadout..

Torch 2Torch 2ndnd in nat in nat’’l. press tiltsl. press tiltsChief editorChief editorbags sevenbags sevenNSPC medalsNSPC medals

Unit Counting in Unit Counting in HeadlinesHeadlinesWriting headlines is not so simple as

it seems to be. A headline should fit the allotted space by a system of unit counts given to each letter, figure or space. This is done to avoid a thin head, a fat head or a bleeding head.

An example of a thin head where the spaces between the letters of words, or the space after the words in a line are so wide that the effect is ugly.S c h o o l j o i n s p r e s s t i l t s

An example of a fat head where the letters or the words are so crowded that there are no spaces between them or the spaces are so small that several words read as one.Schooljoinspresstilts

An example of bleeding headline in which some letter or words extend inside the columnS c h o o l j o i n sp r e s s t i l t s

However, in computerized headline writing, there is no need to count units. The computer does the fitting of the words in the allotted space. In many provinces, printing is still done through the obsolete letter press.

The corresponding unit counts are given as follows:½ unit – jilt and all punctuations except the

em dash (-) and the questions mark (?)1 unit – the questions mark, space, all

figures, capital, JILTF, all lower case letters except jiltf

1 ½ units – the em dash, lower case m and w, all capital letters except M and W and JILTF

2 units – capital M, W