Ch. 10-America Claims an Empire

• Section 1-Imperialism and America

• Section 2-The Spanish American War

• Section 3-Aquiring New Lands

• Section 4-America as a World Power

Key Terms

• Imperialism

• Militarism

• Nationalism

• Diplomacy

• Spheres of influence

• Protectorate

• Arbitration

Old Diplomacy

• 1. Noninterventionist• - the US did not intervene in foreign affairs,

especially Europe’s• 2. Isolationist• - the US acted alone in foreign affairs as

compared to working with other nations• 3. Passive and reactive• - the US waited for events to occur and

then acted accordingly• 4. Weak army and navy

New Diplomacy

• 1. Imperialistic• - going out and conquering territory to create an

empire• - Alfred Mahan(look up), Henry Cabot Lodge,

Teddy Roosevelt• 2. Stronger army and navy• 3. Interventionist – especially in Central and South

America• - becoming more involved in other countries

affairs• - Monroe Doctrine(look up)• 4. Strong nationalism• - having strong pride and confidence in one’s

country

Ch. 10.1 Imperialism and America

• Imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world

• Which countries were the most powerful in 1900?

• Great Britain• Germany• France• Austria-Hungary• Italy• Russia• United States• Ottoman Empire-

Turkey)• Japan

Middle East Before WWI(1914)

Middle East After 1920

Latin America-1800-Most countries were independent by 1830

Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism?

• Brings military power and prestige to your country

• Naval bases and refueling stations• $$$$-For natural resources as well as opening

new markets to sell your goods(trade)• Belief in cultural superiority-White Man’s Burden

-McKinley: "to take them all and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them." -Taft: We must help our "our little brown brothers” on the Philippines

Taking Alaska and Hawaii

• Fifteen-twenty minutes to research your topic

• Put info into the Wallwisher website:

• http://www.wallwisher.com/wall/alaskaus

• http://www.wallwisher.com/wall/hawaiius

• Be ready to share your findings.

• Once done, embed each Wall into your daily blog.

Queen Liliuokalani-Last Queen of Hawaii-1893

August 12, 1898

Ch. 10.2-The Spanish American War

• By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire– Philippines, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico and a

few colonies in Africa(Morocco and Western Sahara)

• The US had been interested in Cuba for a long time– US tried to buy Cuba in 1854

• Cubans had been revolting against Spain frequently(1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting independence

Jose Marti

General Valeriano Weyler

What caused an increase in tension between the United States and Spain? • 1. In 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between

Spain and the Cubans• 2. The conflict was described by Senator

Redfield Proctor of Vermont as “bloody and brutal”

• 3. Newspapers (Yellow Press-particularly those owned by William Randolph Hearst) reported the brutality of the Spanish General Weyler

• The New York Journal reports "...blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"

• American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the Cuban situation.

The Yellow Press

• Instigated the war

• United the general public to want war with Spain

• Made people feel sorry for the Cubans

William Randolph Hearst

Hearst Castle

Joseph Pulitzer

The Yellow Kid

President William McKinley

Enrique Dupay de Lome

De Lome Letter

• ...McKinley is weak and catering to the rabble and, besides, a low politician who desires to leave a door open to himself and to stand well with the jingos of his party."

USS Maine

USS Maine after explosion

Causes of Spanish-American War 1898

• The USS Maine sinking

• The Yellow Press

• Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in the concentration camps

• The De Lome Letter

• Jose Marti’s destruction of US property in Cuba-making it look as thought Spain did it

Teller Amendment

• Imperialists vs anti-imperialists in US

Fronts in the Spanish-American War

• Philippines

• Cuba

• Puerto Rico

Commodore George Dewey

Battle of Manilla Bay

Emilio Aguinaldo

Admiral William Sampson

Rough Riders

Rough Riders

Teddy Roosevelt & Leonard Wood

John Hay “A Splendid Little War”

Treaty of Paris-1898

• Brought an official end to the war

• Spain gave Cuba independence(kind of)

• US got control of the Philippines($20 million), Guam and Puerto Rico

Misc.

• The US Army was not prepared to fight this war-The Navy was excellent!

• Roughly 3000 US soldiers died in the war-Only 385 battle deaths-2500 died due to disease

• Lasted April 25 – August 12, 1898

• The US became an empire for the first time in our history