GREEN COMPUTING

RADHIKA GUPTA (32/MBA/2014)

By:

• Definition.• Desktop virtualization & eco-friendly computing.• Approaches.• Sustainable steps by researchers .• Advantages. • Disadvantages.• Steps to be taken.• Conclusion.• Biblography

CONTENTS

Green computing: Green computing, Green ICT as per IFG International

Federation of Green ICT and IFG Standard, green IT, or ICT sustainability, is the study and practice of environmentally sustainable computing or IT.

Origin : In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched

Energy Star.

Green technology• Green computing, also called green technology• It is the environmentally responsible use of computers and

related resources.• Green computing can also develop solutions that offer benefits

by "aligning all IT processes and practices with the core principles of sustainability, which are to reduce, reuse, and recycle”.

• Finding innovative ways to use IT in business processes to deliver sustainability benefits across the enterprise and beyond.

Goals :They are similar to green chemistry: • Reduce the use of hazardous materials• Maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime• Promote the recyclacility or biodegradability  of defunct

products and factory waste.

Government :

Government regulatory authorities also actively work to promote green computing concepts.

• By 2008, 26 US states established state-wide recycling programs for obsolete computers and consumer electronics equipment. 

• American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

Make computing usage more green:

Average computer users can employ the following general tactics to make their computing usage more green:

• Use the hibernate or sleep mode when away from a computer for extended periods

• Use flat-screen or LCD monitors, instead of conventional cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors

• Buy energy efficient notebook computers, instead of desktop computers• Activate the power management features for controlling energy

consumption• Make proper arrangements for safe electronic waste disposal• Turn off computers at the end of each day• Refill printer cartridges, rather than buying new ones• Instead of purchasing a new computer, try refurbishing an existing device

Green computing concepts :

The following four complementary approaches are employed:• Green use• Green disposal• Green design• Green manufacturing

• We can't live without PCs, so let’s learn how to live with them in a way that makes them friendlier to the environment. Currently, PC’s consume far too much electricity and generate too much e-waste to be considered an Eco-friendly solution by today’s standards.• With a typical PC tking approximately 110 watts to run, and with well over 1 billion of them on the planet, it’s easy to understand what the Silicon Valley Toxics Commission is saying about e-waste is being the fastest growing part of the waste stream

Desktop Virtualization and

Eco-Friendly Computing

Strategies which help in implementation of green computing

• Replacing Paper Systems with On-line Communication Systems.

• Power Management .• Power supply.• Algorithmic efficiency.• Terminal Servers. • Storage.• Operating system issues. • Materials recycling.

“Energy is neither created nor destroyed. It moves from one form to another.” Here we present 7 pc concept that are: Green Clean Recyclable

Sustainable steps by researcher

• Designed by Cody Stonerock,• Made from recycled aluminum & biodegradable resins by HP• PC has been made specially for the low cost desktop market. • There are no screws or fasteners in this system.

Compaq EOS Sustainable Desktop

• Monitor and other main components of the system can easily be removed.

• So, as to ship them back to the company for repair or replacement.• Since none of the components are fixed, users can simply replace a

broken component, which reduces wastes and encourages recycling.• It is low cost desktop computer.• Designed to feature fewer components and only offers basic

computing power.

It looks like a modern book rack. Though it is actually a PC, updating it is as easy as replacing books in a shelf! Surprised? Here, the hard drives, optical drives, PCl drives, graphics cards and the RAM are all located as ‘books’ on this ‘bookshelf’ PC.

Igglu modular PC concept

Whenever you want to modernize or upgrade a component, simply take it off the ‘shelf’ and add the new one. The old component is sent back to the company for recycling. The Igglu, thus, is an improvement over the previous concept in the fact that, it can be upgraded into an advanced PC also. The PC has been color coded for ease of replacements. It is also designed for maximum energy efficiency and resource usage.

•US-based product designer has come up with the new concept for a computing system.

• What you see is the 15-inch OLED screen display and docking space for a notebook, a smartphone and a tablet PC.

‘Bento’ solar-powered concept computing system

Each of these are run by Li ion batteries which get recharged by solar power. The computing systems come integrated with solar panels and a 1TB hard drive. Like the previous concept, it is built in the modular form and can be easily upgraded. The solar charging is an added advantage. The stored content can be transferred by simply docking two storage units together.

The Froot was submitted as an entry by designer Paulina Carlos for the DELL Regeneration Green Computing Technology Contest. This concept goes one more notch above all the previous concepts examined till now.

Sustainable computer ‘Froot’

Bio degradable starch-based polymers constitute the ‘main frame’ and can be recycled along with the electrical components that are part of it. But here is the unique aspect; the Froot uses high-end laser and projecting technology to beam a screen on the wall and a keyboard in front of you! The ‘light’ keyboard acts like a normal keyboard and the screen can be projected on any material. Need for a separate screen and keyboard is also eliminated while the ergonomics of the same are not.

The first glance at this device will make you wonder as to how can this ever be a PC. The PC here consists of two parts. The first is an EVO client module which sits on the second part which is a docking unit for this module. The client has low processing power, low memory and low RAM.

EVO PC Concept

The magic happens when it links to a remote EVA server via the broadband internet through the base unit. The server does the actual computing and this accesses to the EVO remote computing device, which comes at a fee to the customer, and also ensures that you only need to have this compact and elegant EVO client. Needless to say, this little client is completely recyclable and the company takes it back while providing a replacement.

After we have witnessed the paper thin computers and paper light computers, it is the turn to welcome the paper computer! The entire computer has been built of recycled, thick paper. This is the creation of designer, Je Sung Park. Thus, the problem of e-waste in now completely gone! Recycling the parts also is no issue, as they can be easily removed and sent to the company. You only have the fear of tearing your laptop!

Recyclable paper laptop

Our final entrant in this list has been inspired by nature and is extremely nature friendly! The LOOP uses an imaginative ‘usage concept’ too along with its ‘design concept’. We have come across the design concept before, where the PC is made modular with components that you can upgrade.

LOOP – Ecofriendly desktop computer

Now, hear the fantastic usage concept; Dell has decided to rent out the components! Yes! With the upgrades in the PC world arriving almost on a weekly basis, it does not make sense to make regular purchases. Instead, you can hire the latest components from the parent company and they take back the old components for recycling and reuse! The LOOP comes in warm tones and a cool look. No screws go into the assembly and thus it can be assembled in about 30 seconds flat! It is compact and has a design borrowed from the cactus leaves. Overall, it is green and will make your neighbors go ‘green’ too!

ENERGY USE OF PC• CPU uses 120 watts of energy• CRT uses 150 watts of energy ---8hours of usage, 5 days a week= 562Kw.Energy used comes from Electrical current to run the CPU, motherboard , memory etc Monitors Printers

How to save energy while working on the internet?

• Blackle is the website powered by Google custom search which aims to save the energy consumed by the pc while working on the internet.

If a computer screen is: White, it consumes 74W of energy Black , it consumes 59W of energy. Thus most of the companies have switched from Google to Blackle.

ADVANTAGES OF GREEN COMPUTING

• Reduces the amount of pollutants in the surroundings.• It reduces the amount of heat produced from the electronic

devices.• It encourages the use of renewable resources.• It promotes effective utilization of natural resources.• It reduces the risk existing in PC’s due to chemicals that cause

nerve damage in humans.

Why green computing ?

• As we are familiar that plastic is a hazardous material, but the electronic wastes (E-Waste ) is more hazardous than the plastic.

• The development and fabrication of an electronic device, we use different kind of materials such as arsenic, antimony, lead , cadmium etc.

• • The U.S. generates more than 2 million tons of e-waste annually, and nearly 90

percent of that ends up in landfills

• Disposal of such materials causes harm to the nature and environment :THAT’S THE MAIN RESON OF GREEN COMPUTING ESTABILISHMENT….

Disadvantages of green computing

• Green computing could actually be quite costly. The greenest modern computers today are Mac books which are expensive enough.

• Green computers may be considerably underpowered.• Not fascinating for children.• Rapid technology change

Conclusion

Adopting Green Computing Strategies make sense not only from an ethical, or moral stand-point, but from a commercial stand-point.

There are many business benefits achievable through the implementation of a green computing strategy such as cost savings, resilience, disaster recovery, business continuity planning and of course public relations.

Green computing is the utmost requirement to protect environment and save energy along with operational expenses in today's increasingly competitive world. Adopting a holistic approach to greening IT is our responsibility towards creating a more sustainable environment.

REFERENCES:

• http://www.techopedia.com/definition/14753/green-computing

• http://www.ncomputing.com/company/green-computing

• http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/green-computing