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ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 1
Smart Tourism Destinations
Dimitrios Buhalis and Aditya Amaranggana
eTourism LabBournemouth University
United Kingdom
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 2
Agenda
• Introduction
• Theoretical Background– Internet of Things
– Smart City
Characteristics
– Tourism Destination
• Smart Tourism
Destinations
• Conclusion
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 3
Introduction• Rapid increase of urban
population worldwide
• ICT make cities more accessible and enjoyable for both residents and visitors
• The development of Smart City could also encourage
the formation of Smart Tourism Destinations
Research Objective: Identifying opportunities and challenges as well as conceptualising a framework toward Smart Tourism Destinations.
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 4
Theoretical Background
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 5
Internet of Things
Firstly coined by Kevin Ashton (MIT) in 1999
The idea behind the IoT is to generate automatic real-time
interactions among real world object that connect to
the Internet which consequently also reduce the gap between real world and
digital realm (Erb, 2011).
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 6
• IBM defined Smart City as a city that make their system instrumented, interconnected and intelligent
• Smart Cities have the ability to give intelligent response to various kinds of needs that happen within the same time interval.
• Citizen involvement in the co-creation process of products or services.
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 7
By Boyd Cohen (2012)
Smart City Wheel
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By Buhalis (2000)
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Smart Tourism Destinations take advantage of…
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3 Vital Forms of ICT for Smart Tourism Destinations
The ultimate aims are to enhance tourism experience, improve the effectiveness of resource management, maximising both destination
competitiveness and demonstrate sustainability.
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 11
Tourism Applicationsin Smart Tourism Destinations
No. Tourism Apps Utility Function Destination Components
Smart Tourism Destinations Dimensions
1. Augmented reality Interpretation Attractions Smart People, Smart Mobility
2. Vehicle tracking Planning Accessibility Smart Living, Smart Mobility
3. Hotel energy predictor Sustainability Amenities Smart Environment
4. Multi-languages travel guide app which also offers available
packages
Guidance Available Packages
Smart People, Smart Mobility
5. NFC tags and QR codes to access information about nearby points
of interest
Proximity Marketing Activities Smart Mobility
6. Tourist Complaints Management System
Feedback Ancillaries Smart Living
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 12
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Smart Tourism Destinations ImpactNo. Stakeholders Characteristics of Outcome
1. Tourism Organisations
- Coordinates information and makes it easily accessible for users to access real-time information
- Engage with local communities, tourists and government in co-creating tourism experience
- Organisational agility, speed decision making and responsive to customers’ needs based on just-in-time insights
- Precision targeting and personalised service
2. Governments - Regulate data privacy- Establish Public-Private Partnership
3. Local Residents/ Local Communities
- Constantly connected- Sufficiently creative and empowered- Technology savvy- Citizen Journalism
4. Tourists - Well-connected and well-informed- Active critics and buzz marketers- Demand highly personalised service
5. Environment - Innovation ecosystem- Sensor networks throughout the environment
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 15
Smart Tourism Destinations Framework
Living Lab Methodology
Public-Private Partnership
Open Data Movement
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Challenges
• Not politically neutral
• Little room for the technologically
illiterate and the poor
• Privacy intrusion
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 17
ConclusionThe priorities of Smart Tourism Destinations construction are1.To enhance tourists’ experience2.To provide more intelligent information platform3.To facilitate efficient allocation of tourism resources; and 4.To integrates tourism suppliers at both micro and macro level aiming to ensure benefit is well distributed to local society.
ENTER 2014 Research Track Slide Number 18