Humane Humane Population Population

Control Control is as is as simplesimple

as ABCas ABCS. Chinny Krishna

How do we respond to

the Street dog issue?

WEIgnore

Kill

Influence Holding Capacity

Spay/Neuter

Educate

Register Breeders

What happens if we ignore?

Common logic implies that the number of animals will

keep increasing since dogs and cats are prolific breeders.

However, in reality

The numbers will level off at the Holding Capacity of the area

What is Holding Capacity?It is the numberof animals that an areacan support depending on

What happens if we kill?

Remaining animals have

Higher survival rateAn immediate drop

in the numbers

Numbers increase again

Numbers level off whenHolding capacity is

reached

Why is ‘Catch-and-Kill’ preferred?

It is believed that ‘Catch-and-Kill’ is Cheaper* than other methods

*It is NOT.

Catch. Kill. Repeat.100

1860

160001964

300001985

As many as 135 street dogs were being killed

per day in 1996

Did killing help?

Nope.Incidents of Rabies didn’t decrease, neither did the number of dogs on the streets. In 1996, there were 120 deaths from Rabies in Chennai alone.

Our Biggest Problem

Signed: S. Chinny Krishna(Publisher)

Dated: 30-6-1966

The Blue Cross of India will be soon starting a free spaying centre. All we need is Rs. 25000. You, if you will, can help us solve this problem.

We can stop the cruelties of surplus animal breeding at any time. Only the will is needed.“

“

In 1966, after much study, Blue Cross of

India proposed that street dog

population control is as easy as…

Animal

Birth

Control

1990

“All too often, authorities confronted with the problems caused by these dogs have turned to mass destruction in the hope of finding a quick solution, only to discover that the destruction had to continue year after year with no end in sight.

Dr. K. Bogel Chief Veterinary,

Public Health Unit , WHO, Geneva,

Switzerland

“Albert Einstein

Insanity Insanity is doing is doing the same thing the same thing over and over over and over again, expecting again, expecting different different resultsresults

30 years after the Blue Cross proposed ABC and

29 years after opening our first ABC centre..

AnimalBirth Controlstarts city wide in several cities in India

1996

Seeing positive results General A.K. Chatterjee, Chairman, Animal Welfare Board Of India (AWBI) has Animal Birth Control (ABC) adopted as the policy of the AWBI.

1997

2001Reviewing the success of ABC in places where it had been implemented as a pilot project, The Government of India introduced new regulations which stopped killing of stray animals and replaced it with ABC

2004WHO carries out a

Multi-centric Rabies Study, by conducting interviews

in 84 communities – 21 of which are Urban

and 63 Rural.

- Number of Rabies cases is more or less constant over a 10 year period from 1992 to 2002 at 17371 cases per year

- Number of animal bites(mostly dogs) is also constant over the same period

HoweverRabies cases in

humans as well as the incidence of dog bites shows

a dramatic drop..

..in areas where

ABC-AR is being

implemented aggressively

2010After many years of persuasion..

The Government of India accepts the recommendation to propose two new rules under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act of 1960: The Pet Shop Regulation Rules andThe Breeding and Sale of Pets Rules

No. of Rabies Deaths: Jaipur(Walled city)

ABC-AR starts in March ’96

No. of Rabies Deaths: Chennai

City-wide ABC-AR starts in September ’96

No. of Rabies Deaths/Dog Bites: Kalimpong

ABC-AR starts in 2000

RABIES

DOG BITES

The Blue Cross The Blue Cross Success StorySuccess Story

In Chennai,

rabies cases since Jan 2007.

zero

In Jaipur, the incidence of rabies in ABC areas has been zero

for over six years as against 8.75 deaths per year during the five years prior to 1996

when the full fledged ABC programme started.

In Kalimpong, zero deaths for over seven years as

against 10 per year previously.

In Bangalore, both dog bites and rabies

cases have gone down

sharply since October 2000* when the

programme began.

Initiatives

Well Dog Show

Adoption Drive

ThankYou

James Herriot to “one-medicine”James Herriot to “one-medicine”

Challenges for private companion animal Challenges for private companion animal vets (and incidentally also welfare vets (and incidentally also welfare

groups)groups)

MexicoMexico

• 1990 First nationwide canine anti-rabies 1990 First nationwide canine anti-rabies vaccination week initiatedvaccination week initiated

• Vaccine provided free by Federal Vaccine provided free by Federal GovernmentGovernment

• Doses used:Doses used:– 205,000 in 1970205,000 in 1970– 5.5 million in 19895.5 million in 1989– 7.1 million in 19907.1 million in 1990– 16 million in 200616 million in 2006

Mexico: Canine Rabies casesMexico: Canine Rabies cases

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006

Canine cases

Mexico: Human Rabies casesMexico: Human Rabies cases

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1990 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005

Human cases

Impact of dog vaccination Impact of dog vaccination (Cleaveland et al., Vaccine, 2003)(Cleaveland et al., Vaccine, 2003)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

Jan-93 Jun-94 Oct-95 Mar-97 Jul-98 Dec-99 Apr-01

Mon

thly

inci

denc

e (b

ites

from

sus

pect

ed r

abid

dog

s/10

0,00

0 pe

ople

)

Vaccinated zone

Non-vaccinated zone

ICAM Coalition Document (2008)ICAM Coalition Document (2008)

www.icam-coalition.orgwww.icam-coalition.org

Builds on 1990Guidelines

Attempts to clarify Terminology

Gives pointers on implementation

Catch / Neuter / Release orCatch / Neuter / Release orCollect / Neuter / Return?Collect / Neuter / Return?

Blueprint: The ConceptBlueprint: The Concept• Aimed at assisting and guiding individual countries Aimed at assisting and guiding individual countries

on implementation of canine rabies control programson implementation of canine rabies control programs– If rabies is presentIf rabies is present– If rabies is reintroduced after a period of absence If rabies is reintroduced after a period of absence

44www.rabiesblueprint.com

““One medicine”One medicine”

ThankYouOnce Again!