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STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE (SOP) PREPAREDNESS FOR THE ANNUAL FLOOD DISASTER
FOR
SHAH ALAM MUNICIPALITY
ABDUL AZIZ ABAS NUR ILYLIA IRYANI MOHD NASIR YATINI ISA SOFFIAH SHAFIE NUR AZLIN ABDUL RAHIM
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION
FLOOD PRONE AREA IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
PRESENT FLOOD ISSUES IN SHAH ALAM
PRESENT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
PRESENT SOP’s DEFICIENCIES
SOP BENCHMARKING
PROPOSED NEW SOP FOR SHAH ALAM
INTRODUCTION
FLOOD PRONE AREA IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Monsoon Influencing Peninsular Malaysia
SOUTHWEST MONSOON
NORTHEAST MONSOON
ANTICIPATED DISASTER EVENTS
Type of Monsoon & Cycle Type of Disaster
Northeast Monsoon (Nov – Mar)
Flood
Inter-Monsoon (Apr-May & Sep-Oct)
Flash Flood
Southwest Monsoon (Jun – Aug)
Haze & Strong Wind / Rough sea
MBPJ
MPSJ
MPK
MDKS
MDKL
MBSA
http://water.selangor.gov.my/
SubangAirport
Bt Jelutong
Shah Alam
Sg Buloh
Tasik Subang
Bt Cherakah
MBSA
FLOOD PRONE AREA IN SHAH ALAM (2006 – 2012)
FLOOD PRONE AREA IN SHAH ALAM (2006 – 2012)
Sg D
aman
sara
Sg K
lang
Sg K
ayu
Ara
Sg .Damansara
MBSA
Sg .Buloh
Flood Prone Belt
PRESENT FLOOD ISSUES IN SHAH ALAM
Federal Highway near Sg Rasau toll
Taman Tun Dr Ismail Jaya in Shah AlamThe Star online, Monday February 27, 2006
Flood 2006
Batu 3, September 3, 2013, www.starproperty.my
FLOOD victims in Pekan Meru, Klang, and Padang Jawa, Shah Alam 2015, The Star Online
Cause of Flooding
Urbanisation
South-West MonsoonApr-Sept
Inter- MonsoonApr-May6 / Sep-Oct
Design DeficiencyBelow 100 years ARI
Inundation ofSg Damansara
Drainage
Geology
Deforestration
Landuse
Meteorological
Human Factor
Disturbance to NaturalWaterways
PRESENT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
Manual Pengurusan dan Bantuan Bencana, Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam (MBSA) was established as a post-flood assessment made in the year 2006
Sek13 - Flood 2006
Feb 26, 2006• TTDI Flood – 1,842 houses – RM27 Mil• Cars – 2,800 units – RM14 Mil
Flood Warning SystemLocation of Siren Stations at
TTDI Jaya, Shah Alam and its surrounding areas
Department agencies involvedPolice, Fire Department, JPA3,National Security Department,TV Radio, State GovernmentOfficers, etc.
SMSJPS Officers
SMS Service Provider
Residents of TTDI Jaya andIts surrounding areas
JPS Selangor Server
Giant Supermarket
TTDI Jaya
TTDI Jaya Fasa 3
Kg Melayu Subang
TTDI Jaya Fasa 2
TTDI Jaya Fasa 1
Batu 3
Kg. Kebun Bunga
Siren Station
SMS
SMS
Sg Damansara
Sg Air Kuning
Sg Damansara
Flood camera along Sg. Damansara @ Batu 3
Present Shah Alam
SOP
PRESENT SOP’s DEFICIENCIES
SOP only consider activities done by the team appointed by MBSA in the event of disaster
involvement from other-external professional parties at later stages
Lack of preparation before initial involvement (by other parties than MBSA) reduce efficiency impede probability of working cooperation
No pre-event stages
lacking on identification of post-flood stages – recovery events
Not have proper division or differentiation to neither small-scale nor large-scale events
Deficiency
SOP BENCHMARKING
National Operation Center (NOC)
ESF Primary Agency
National Response Coordination Center
(NRCC)/ Regional Respond Coordination Center (RRCC)
Support Agencies (SA)
Emergency Support Function – United States
Issues operation orders to activate ESFs based on disaster/ incident scale
Notified operation orders & time to report to the NRCC/ RRCC
Coordinate with government, non- government, private agencies.
All the Support Agencies has each SOP, and notification protocols. SA provide assistance in the emergency plan
AGENCIES
Flood event
Local Authorities
State AuthoritiesImplement RESPONSE ACTION
National Authority
RECOVERY ACTION/ POST FLOOD ACTION
If necessary
If necessary
PREPAREDNESS & EXERCISE
REVIEW & RECOMMENDATION
Assessments
Government,Non- government,Private agencies
Coordination collaboration
Emergency Preparedness & Response– United States
Critical Concept: Government / public / individual jointly involve in emergency plan
Time Line of Typical MAT Process
Mitigate Action Plan – United States
Mitigation Action Team (MAT) Critical Function : mitigate impact of natural and man-made disaster
Post Flood Disaster SOP – United States
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
Coordinate with Flood Evacuation Team team to identify specific flooded areas
Community immediately Inspect flood damaged areas to assess structural damages. Red Tags: Substantial, not fit for reoccupation. Green Tags: Not substantial. Tags remain until recovery process completed
Mandatory Flood plain development permit to repair flood damaged structure
Determine status of damaged structures compliant with Floodplain Management Ordinance. Reconstruction to adopt full compliance
To appraise property values of post-flood for substantial damaged structures
If appraisal > 15% of tax assessed value, community may have 2nd independent appraiser to assure fair market value. Value used to evaluate whether repairs constitute substantial improvement
Total value of repair works to be determined and conform market value
Community may use cost estimates by a qualified person to establish total damage value prior to issuing repair permit
Community/Authority to do regular check to enforce requirement of Development permit. Permit to be posted on site
Authority to make aware and shall assist property owner’s concerning repair permit
Community to establish periodical information on flood prone areas to residents
Extracted Value For Consideration From United States SOP
Mitigation Action Team (MAT) have been develop to mitigate impact of flood disaster by conducting inspection and technical evaluation of the performance of buildings, land use and management, and construction during pre- flood until post- flood. The objective is to reduce future damage from the disaster.
Floodplain Management Ordinance highlights provisions for property development coordinating with mitigation plan.
Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) SOP provide detail core capabilities for each ESFs and their functions are integrated each other.
National Respond Framework (NRF) is developed under concept of community-based planning that all sectors of a community play a critical role and shared responsibility to protect life and property.
Practicing lesson learned concept by regularly review the flood management system after flood disaster take place. Produce several reports to improve the current system and plan.
Flood Disaster SOP - Japan
National Government
Designated government agenciesDesignated public agencies
Prefectural governmentOther prefectural governmentsSelf defense forces
Prefectural police HQ
Police Stations
Municipalities
Fire stations / Volunteer fire corps
Affected Areas and Residents
Directions / overall coordination
Recommendation & Advice
Request for support
Request for support
Request for Dispatch of personnel Directors
Support of overall coordination
Request for support
Request for Call out
Orders
Call out
Other municipalities
Disaster Response Mechanisms
Critical Concept: Government / Agencies jointly involve in emergency plan
Flood Disaster SOP - Japan
Flood Disaster SOP - Japan
Japan has established an institutional system (TEC-Force) in the event of disaster to conduct an emergency survey of the damage, take emergency response measures for preventing secondary damage, and provide advice on restoration methods to the local government
Flood Disaster SOP - Japan
Flood Disaster SOP - Japan
MLIT’s DISASTER PREVENTION EFFORTS
Extracted Value For Consideration From Japan SOP
Japan has developed a comprehensive and strategic management system elaborated in Disaster Countermeasures Basic act, which covers all phase of disaster management such as prevention, mitigation and preparedness, emergency response, recovery and rehabilitation.
The roles and responsibilities of government at national and local levels, and other stakeholders in the implementation of various disaster countermeasures are being clarified.
Comprehensive flood disaster measures been developed by Japan which consist of river improvement, basin improvement measures and flood reduction measures.
Establishment of TEC-Force for Emergency Response & Recovery. The main purpose is to have prompt determination of damage in major natural disaster, early restoration of the affected areas and technical assistance to local government and related bodies.
Flood management system will be reviewed and improved regularly after flood disaster take place by practicing lesson learnt concept..
Flood Disaster SOP – United Kingdom
Department of Environment Food & Rural Affairs, United Kingdom
LOCAL RESPONSIBILITY
Experts groupCollaboration
Coordination
Emergency Respond Action
Community Level Political Level
Input
Preparedness &Respond Plan
Key Agencies &Players
ConstantReview
Respond Action team
Resources Inventory
Support from adjacent
communities
Support from Provincial/State &
National Government Levels
If Necessary
If Sufficient
FLOOD EMERGENCY
If Required
Weather/Flood forecast
Emergency action
High Alert
Emergency Evacuation
Temporary Levees
Constant Trainings
Post Flood Assistance
Resettlement Stage
Assessment on Causes & Effects
Experts group
Recommendation
Immediate Comprehensive
Clear Commands
Emergency Preparedness And Response – United Kingdom
Post Flood
SOP
RecoveryRecovery action
National Recovery Guidelines30 Provides detail recovery plans in order to reduce the effects of the
emergency and ensure long term recovery. Cleaning-up Public health advice Flood support scheme
Planning and prevention health
Tertiary Prevention used during and after to minimize health impacts, examples of
activities such as moving belongings to safe areas, ensuring the provision of clean drinking water, surveillance and monitoring of health impacts, treating ill people, and recovery and rehabilitation of flooded houses.
Responders should aware of the ‘recovery gap’, which the period after response has ended and people rely on other sources of support for continued recovery. Social care services restore communications as a key measure to keeping families together in reducing suffering and promoting recovery after a flood.
Casualties and fatalities
The flood consequences increase the number of people seeking medical treatment in particular area.
Any plan for dealing with casualties and fatalities needs to be integrated with all aspects of the response and recovery from such situation and incidents.
Post Flood
SOP
Extracted Value For Consideration From United Kingdom SOP
• Established a comprehensive SOP with expert group involvement from very beginning as part of the flood emergency planning.
• Inputs from community levels and political levels at early stage to
• A clear commands and line of communication are for effective implementation
• Constant SOP review from key agencies and players, etc.
• Respond Action Team adequately equipped with manpower, constant required trainings and ensuring sufficiency of assets and inventory check.
• Supports from adjacent communities or provincial / state & National Government levels if needed.
• Full use of the weather / floods information. Early warning to agencies and communities of any potential floods.
• Post Flood, Respond Action Team continued to post flood action plan, assessments and lessons learn established and recommendation for continuous improvement of Emergency Respond Action.
SOPs COMPARISON
SOPs Comparison
SOPs Comparison
SOPs Comparison
PROPOSED NEW SOP FOR SHAH ALAM
Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam
Experts groupCollaboration
Coordination
Emergency Respond Action
Community Level Political Level
Input
Preparedness &Respond Plan
Key Agencies &Players
ConstantReview
Respond Action team (PANTAS)
Resources Inventory
Support from adjacent
communities
Support from Provincial/State &
National Government Levels
If Necessary
If Sufficient
FLOOD EMERGENCY
If Required
Weather/Flood forecast
Emergency action
High Alert
Emergency Evacuation
Temporary Levees
Constant Trainings
Post Flood Assistance
Resettlement Stage
Assessment on Causes & Effects
Experts group
Recommendation
Immediate Comprehensive
Clear Commands
New Emergency Preparedness And Response – Shah Alam
Medical Assistance
FLOOD DISASTER
Flood Disaster has its own committee and mechanism through the standing order on Flood Relief Machinery issued earlier by the National Security Division (BKN), Prime Minister Department (JPM). With the enforcement of the National Security Council’s Directive no. 20, all flood disaster will be handled under this directive. Because of that, the Committees of Natural Disaster Relief was dissolved.
(adapted: Directive No. 20 : paragraph 9)
Standing Order
Outlines:Policy and Mechanism on Disaster and
Relief Management on Land
Based on:Levels of disasters
by:Establishing a management mechanism with the purpose of
determining roles and responsibilities of various agencies involved in disaster management.
(adapted: Directive No. 20:paragraph 4, page 2)
National Security Council Directive No.20
Provide the guides and templates to initiate the TASKFORCE Standby Arrangements
Facilitate sharing of information (such as notification of flood disasters) and situation updates -coordinated by the Flood Command Centre
Facilitate the request for / offer of assistance (flow charts)
Facilitate the joint assessment of required assistance from other agencies
Provide the procedure for mobilization of assets and capacities
Provide the procedure for on-site deployment of assets and capacities
Provide the procedure for direction and control of assistance on the ground
Provide the procedure for floods situation updates, demobilization, reporting, lessons learning and exercises
To Improve / Enhance Existing SOP Based on Following Steps
Flood Preparedness (Action Plan)
• Adopt regular periodic Weather Climate Information obtained from the Meteorological Department (MMD) to establish the following action plan
• Review & Update Flood warning system alongside with technology
• Promote Public awareness
• Support agencies to be constantly updated / Training
• Flood preparedness plan should be regularly review and feedback from community are important to consider for improvement.
• Flood support team should be
collaborate and cooperate to implement the action plan.
DISA
STER
M
ANAG
EMEN
T TI
ERS
FLOOD Disaster Management Mechanism
RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION
• The existing SOP is merely to face ordinary floods, so a new SOP needs to be drawn up so that we will be more prepared including in terms of command and control and appropriate assets to face the floods.
• New SOP would cover various aspects including increasing the assets, command and control, communication equipment, simulation training, meteorological services, as well as the power supply aspect.
• Infrastructure facilities be built on higher ground so that they would not be affected each time a flood breaks out.
• preventive measures to be taken to avoid a recurrence of the disaster, whether in the short term or long term
• Uncontrolled of illegal logging activities, non-compliance to sustainable guidelines of mining activities and opening of agricultural land contribute to flood disaster
• Weaknesses in tackling the disasters to be eliminated
Recommendation
• To establish post flood action plan
Weather and climate information are vital to predict flood occurrences. The authority (MBSA)/agencies and the flood response management team is crucial to establish reasonable Standard Operation Plan (SOP) of acceptable accuracy.
While there are still limitations in weather and climate predictions, acknowledging the uncertainty that exist will enable the flood response management to better appreciate the value of the forecasts
Mitigation actions help to reduce the flood possibilities to arise in the future in the same areas. Thus State government, Selangor should allocate certain amount of budget to upgrade and improve drainage system. Limited of budget become a barriers to implement the mitigation action but it can be planed step by step according to annually budget.
MBSA should control building design, land use & site planning in order to prevent flood. Development cannot be avoided but a method or principle must be followed to save natural environment.
Enforcement, monitoring and controlling by MBSA can ensure developer and land owner will comply MBSA’s rules and regulation.
Conclusion
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE (SOP) PREPAREDNESS FOR THE ANNUAL FLOOD DISASTER
FOR
SHAH ALAM MUNICIPALITY
THANK YOU