Personality

Prepared by: Rajat Sharma

Definition :

• Personality is the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts and interacts with others.

• It is the particular combination of emotional, attitudinal, and behavioral response patterns of an individual which seem to consistent in behavior of any individual.

Structure of Personality :• Id: Operates according to the pleasure principle – Id is the only component of personality that is present from birth. The id

is the source of our bodily needs, wants, desires, and impulses, particularly our sexual and aggressive drives.

• Ego: Operates according to the reality principle– The ego comprises the organized part of the personality structure that

includes defensive, perceptual, intellectual-cognitive, and executive functions. Conscious awareness resides in the ego, although not all of the operations of the ego are conscious. It is Mediates between id and superego.

• Superego: Moral ideals and conscience - It includes the individual's ego ideals, spiritual goals that criticizes and prohibits his or her drives, fantasies, feelings and actions. "

Determinants of Personality :• Heredity: It refers to physical stature, facial attractiveness, sex, temperament, muscle

composition and reflexes, energy level and biological rhythms are characteristics that are considered to be inherent. It plays an important part in determining an individual's personality.

• Cultural Factors To a marked degree, the child's cultural group defines the range of

experiences and situations, the norms among our family, friends and social groups he is likely to encounter and the values and personality characteristics that will reinforced.

• Situational Factors Situational factors are very important to change the individual behavior in a different circumstance at different situations, it also influence to personality of individual person.

• Social Factors Social factors are also major factors which influence to determine

individual personality. It involves the reorganization of individual's in an organization or society. It focuses on good relationships, cooperation, coordination and interaction among the members in the society or an organization

• Family Background (Members): Parents and other family members have strong influence on the

personality development of the child. Parents have more influence on the personality development of a child as compared to other members of the family.

It promtes to certain physical, mental, emotional states.

You become what u Learn….

Self Esteem

Definition :

Self-concept: Picture of ourselves

Self Esteem: Feelings we have about ourselves

Self-ideal: The way we would like to be.

Self-Esteem is portrayed by…..

• Our behavior.

• Confidence level.

• Initiation.

• Respect given to impersonal’s.

Characteristics of Self-Esteem:• Low Self-Esteem

Passive

Negative

Nervous

Rigid

Demoralizing

Excuses

High Self-Esteem Active

Positive

Confident

Flexible

Courage

Opportunities

How is self-concept build & destroyed

Building

Find a good role model

Focus on the positive

Keep criticism to a minimum

Set & achieve goals

Destroyed

Comparing yourself to others.

Don’t sit with your negativeness !.

Tips for building Self Esteem :1. Identify with people, books, videos, television shows,

etc., that build your self-esteem

2. Build others – give sincere compliments often

3. Think positively

4. Set and achieve goals

5. Do something challenging each day

6. Look your best

7. Eat correctly

8. Do something for someone else

9. Learn a new skill

(Cont.)

1. Handle things one at a time

2. Use criticism constructively

3. Ask for help – take advantage of learning opportunities

4. Improve your personal living space

5. Allow personal growth time each day

6. Post self-improvement reminders in obvious places

7. Do not say negative things about yourself

8. Reward yourself often

9. List your accomplishments each evening

10. Volunteer to share your skills with others

ADVANTAGES OF GOOD SELF-ESTEEM :

No one can Make you feel inferior without your Consent.

Personality traits

• Traits/behaviors are assumed to be consistent over settings and stable over time.

- Types of consistency Absolute Relative Situationally Relative

Types of Personality traits :

Positive Personality Traits

Cultured Fearless Impartial Independent Optimistic Intelligent Confident Encouraging Helpful Humble Obedient Trusting

There are many different personality types & it is difficult to classify a person into a single type as there are many different personality traits :

Negative Personality Traits Laziness Picky Dishonesty Arrogant Cowardly Rude Self-centered Unfriendly Thoughtless Bossy Vulgar Malicious Pessimistic Short tempered

Big Five personality traits

• The Big Five factors of personality are five broad domains or dimensions of personality which are used to describe human personality.

• The Big Five factors are openness , conscientiousness , extraversion , agreeableness , and neuroticism.

• The Big Five has been preferably used rather than other models, because this five-factor structure seems to be found across a wide range of participants of different ages and of different cultures

• Openness to experience is a general appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, imagination, curiosity, and variety of experience. People who are open to experience are intellectually curious, appreciative of art, and sensitive to beauty.

• Conscientiousness is a tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, and aim for achievement against measures or outside expectations. It is related to the way in which people control, regulate, and direct their impulses.

• Extraversion is characterized by breadth of activities (as opposed to depth), surgency from external activity/situations, and energy creation from external means.The trait is marked by pronounced engagement with the external world.

• Agreeableness is a tendency to be compassionate and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards others. The trait reflects individual differences in general concern for social harmony. Agreeable individuals value getting along with others. They are generally considerate, friendly, generous, helpful, and willing to compromise

• Neuroticism is the tendency to experience negative emotions, such as anger, anxiety, or depression. It is sometimes called emotional instability, or is reversed and referred to as emotional stability. Neuroticism is interlinked with low tolerance for stress

Over view of Big 5 model :

thank y u