DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Management Information SystemsTransaction

Processing Systems (TPS)

Support operationManagement and

controlRoutine, normal

operations

Management Information Systems

(MIS)Provide decision-

making support for routine, structured decisions

Closely linked to and fed by TPS

Management Information Systems Terminology Confusion

MIS = the study of information technology in business settings

But, MIS is also term to refer to class of systems used to support operational and tactical decision making.

A Model for Problem SolvingDecision Making Phase

Intelligence gatheringDesignChoice

ImplementationMonitoring

Decision MakingA step in problem solvingIntelligence gathering

Definition of problemData gathered on scopeConstraints identified

Design phaseAlternatives identified and assessed

ChoiceSelection of an alternative

Structured vs. Unstructured Problems

Structured problems lend themselves to programmed decisionsThe implication is that a repeatable process can be employed and these can be automated

Unstructured problems require unprogrammed decisions

Unstructured ProblemsCan be addressed (or partially

addressed) with Decision Support Systems

Structured ProblemsCan be addressed by an MISThree decision models or techniques

OptimizationFind the best solution

SatisficingFind a solution which meets certain

criteriaHeuristics

Rule-based solution generation

Goals of an MISProvide managers with informationRegular, routine operationsControl, organize and plan better

Typical Inputs and OutputsInputs: Information from the TPSOutputs: hard and softcopy reports

Scheduled reportsOn-demand reportsKey-indicator (business fundamentals)

Exception reports

Functional Perspectives of MISFinancial MIS

Will integrate information from multiple sources

FunctionsCostingP&L reportingAuditingFunds management

Functional Perspectives of MISManufacturing

Design and EngineeringMaster Production SchedulingInventory ControlMaterials PlanningManufacturing and Process ControlQuality Control

Functional Perspectives of MISMarketing

Market researchWeb-based market research

Pricing

Functional Perspectives of MISTransportation and Logistics

Route and schedule optimizationHuman ResourcesAccounting

Decision Support SystemsUsed for unstructured problemsCharacteristics

Data from multiple sources internal and external to organization

Presentation flexibilitySimulation and what-if capabilitySupport for multiple decision approachesStatistical analysis

Components of a DSSModel management software

Provides a variety of solution modelsFinancial, statistical, graphical, project

managementDialogue Manager

Allows user interaction with DSS

Group Decision Making Systems

Very interesting fieldHow can information technology

improve how decisions are made by groups?

Group Decision Making Systems

ApplicationsWhere time is criticalWhere participants are geographically

dispersedWhere authority obstructs communicationMilitaryBusinessGovernment

Group Decision Making SystemsCommon characteristics

Meeting moderation/facilitationSigned and anonymous commentsStructured deliberations

Presentation period Comment period Automated collation of comments “Voting”

Face-to-face and remote

Executive Information SystemsWhat information does a chief

executive of board member require?

Executive Information SystemsHigh level with drill downKey business and industry dataStructured and unstructured

informationStructured: MTD ordersUnstructured: Industry newsfeed

Graphical

BIBLIOGRAPHY

THROUGH WEB …SLIDESHARETEXT BOOK OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT BY HAROLD KOONTZ AND HEINZ WRIHRIC