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ContentsTASK-1.......................................................................................................................................................1
P1. Understand the legal and regulatory framework in the travel and tourism sector..............................1
P1.1- Explain the legal and regulatory framework of the travel and tourism sector.............................1
P1.2 – Discuss surface, sea and air transport law in relation to the carriage of passengers within the legal and regulatory framework..........................................................................................................3
Task 2..........................................................................................................................................................5
2. Understand legislation and regulations relating to health, safety and security in the travel and tourism sector.........................................................................................................................................5
P2.1-Evaluate the impacts of the principles of health, safety and security legislation on the travel and tourism sector...............................................................................................................................5
P2.2 Analyse legislation that relates to equality..................................................................................7
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................................9
P3. Understand consumer protection legislation in relation to the travel and tourism sector...............9
P3.1- explain contract legislation in relation to travel and tourism customers...................................9
P3.2- explain consumer protection legislation in relation to travel and tourism customers.............10
TASK 4........................................................................................................................................................11
P4. Understand the role of business ethics in the travel and tourism sector........................................11
P4.1 Analyze ethical dilemmas faced by the travel and tourism sector.............................................11
P4.2 Analyze the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policy of a specified travel and tourism business.............................................................................................................................................12
Refrences...................................................................................................................................................15
TASK-1
P1. Understand the legal and regulatory framework in the travel and tourism sector
P1.1- Explain the legal and regulatory framework of the travel and tourism sector
Legal framework: It is a broad system which governs the rules and regulations of decisions
making, agreement, laws etc. (translegal.com, 2015)
Because of the large economic sector of travel and tourism the laws and regulations framework
in travel and tourism is diverse. There are various laws which are applying in the tourism when
any incident is happening like damages.
The Development of Tourism Act 1969- It is laid down the various laws and regulation relating
to the tourism. This act also laid the legislation for tourism in UK. It also established a British
Tourist Authority and Tourist Boards for England, Scotland and wales. The financial assistance
is provided from the public funds for the provisions of the new hotels and made changes and
improved in the hotels which are already exit. (legislation.gov.uk, 2015)
Regulatory framework-
1. The Health and Safety legislation- The legislation health and safety for the British is the
health and safety at work act 1974. It was non- departmental public body in united
kingdom All the person who are worked under any dangerous place of work or their work
are dangerous then they have the legal right to protect themselves from any risk which is
related to any work. There are various duties which are imposed by the law on employers
and employee himself and also on designers, manufactures or suppliers of any substance
which is used at work. The duties are broadly classified in health and safety works act.
This act also laid down the some subsidiary regulations which are deal with the
management and specific issue of the health and safety. There is commission which
consist the chairman and there are six and nine people which is appointed by the
appropriate Secretary of State.
2. HSE- HSE is the health and safety at work etc. Act 1974, this is also known as HSWA,
the HSW Act, the 1974 Act or HASAWA). It great Britain this act is one of the single
pieces of legislation which cover the health and safety of the individual at workplace. The
Act and their regulations are enforced by the health and safety executive and also the
number of acts and instruments which relevant and which is used in the working
environment.
3. IATA- IATA is an international Air transport Association. It deals with the trade of the
world airlines. It helps in supporting the airlines industry. There major headquarters are
in Montreal, Canada with Executive Offices in Geneva, Switzerland.
4. CAA- CAA is the civil aviation authority which is responsible for the safety in air,
protection of consumer forms any financial loss. It also regulate the economic
regulations if airlines in the UK. It is a government agency .This agency is governed by
the department of the environment, Transport and regions. Function of CAA are :
The first function is to give advice to the government on the issue of noise and air
pollution of aircraft.
Second function is to represent the public interest.
Third to give the license of operating to airlines and also give the license of crew.
It also produces the statistical data. (www.caa.co.uk)
5. ABTA- Association of British Travel Agents is established by 22 leading travel
companies in 1950. But at present the number of travel companies has been increased and
it now 5000 travel agencies and there are tour operations which are more than 900
throughout the British Isles. The main aim of ABTA is to maintain the high standard
their trading practices.
6. Air travel operators licensing- it is scheme which protect the people who purchase the
flights tickets and also purchase the tour package. In United Kingdom there is civil
aviation authority which is known as Air Travel Organisers' Licensing (ATOL) The Uk
tour operators have required to take the ATOL license for legally sell air travel. The
operators who have the ATOL license are required to obtain the insurance bond from the
CAA.
There are various types of courts in UK which are available for handle the matters of
travel and tourism industry. There are various courts which is used by the according to
the case because every court have different trial process, hearing process and appeal
process (Partington, 2014).
7. EHRC – It is known as equality and human right commission. It is established for
promoting the equality among humans and eliminates the discrimination between the
humans in relation to gender, caste, sex, religion, age, and race. Etc.
The various types of courts are:
1. For civil and criminal cases there is magistrate court.
2. For hearing of civil cases country court.
3. There are three main divisions in high court. This court deals with the criminal cases, and
has some jurisdiction over the appeal and hearing of criminal cases.
4. House of Lords deal with the criminal and civil cases.
5. The European court of justice deal with the single hearing and further appealing for
protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms.
6. Serious criminal cases are heard by the crown courts. (Partington, 2014)
P1.2 – Discuss surface, sea and air transport law in relation to the carriage of passengers within the legal and regulatory frameworkTransport Act 1985- This act is amend the laws related to:
Make the provisions relating to the national bus company in which there is transfer of the
operation of the national bus company to the private sector.
Providing the financial support to the local and central government for providing the
transport service to the passengers.
In relation to the constitution the new provisions are made.
Make provisions for the powers of London Regional Transport related.
Carriage by Air and Road Act 1979- This act deal with the responsibility of carriage. It is
the fundamental responsibility if there is death or any injury of the person and having
loss of the property by the passenger due to their negligence. (legislation.gov.uk, n.d).
Athens convention –In 1974 it declares that if any damage is suffered by the
passenger due to the negligence of the carrier then carrier will liable and it will
compensate the passenger. But if the carrier does not have intention then liability
is limited. (legislation.gov.uk, n.d).
Sea and Inland Waterways Regulations
According to EU regulation there are various rights of passengers when they are
travelling by the sea and inland waterways. The EU regulation is applied to the
passengers who are travelling:
1. The passengers are travelling through cruise. The port of embarkation is situated in
the member state territory.
2. The passengers who used the ferry service in which the port of embarkation is
situated in the member state territory.
3. The passengers who used the ferry service in which the port of embarkation is
situated outside the member state territory; the port of embarkation is situated in the
member state territory, union carrier operated the service which is defined below.
(International Maritime Organization, 2015).
The EU regulation is not applied to the passengers travelling:
1. Passenger traveling on the ship which is authorized to carry the 12 passengers.
2. The crew on ship is composed of not more than 3 persons and they are responsible
for the operation of the ships.
Task 2
2. Understand legislation and regulations relating to health, safety and security in the travel and tourism sector
P2.1-Evaluate the impacts of the principles of health, safety and security legislation on the travel and tourism sectorThe Act health and safety at work act 1974 deals with the health and safety of the individual at
the workplace. It is a single piece of legislation in Great Britain which is dealing with the
individual health and safety in the workplace. The regulations of this act are enforceable by the
health and safety executive with local authorities. This act also laid down the various duties on
employer and employee himself which they have to implement in the workplace. It is the
employer duty to take the measure safeguards for the employee. (Blackman, 2005).
Apart from this the act also takes the various measures:
1. The working environment must be safe and maintained.
2. The plant and systems is also maintained.
3. The Exist and entry of the workplace is also maintained.
4. Providing the adequate training to the staff related to health and safety.
5. At work welfare provisions are provided to the staff. (Blackman, 2005).
HAZZARDS
There are various hazards which are all round in the industries where the manufacturing of good
takes place. The hazards are:
1. Physical- physical hazards are that which is in physical from like any object, piece of
equipment or material which caused injury to the worker.
2. Chemical- chemical hazards are a substance which is affecting the health of an
individual or a worker.
3. Biological- it is and organism or substances which is produced by the organism and
which poses threat to the human health and life.
4. Psychological- psychological hazards are that which caused the mental illness and
distress of the worker.
Prevention
Occupiers Liability 1957 and 1984- This act impose the duty of care on the occupier for their
lawful visitors. The occupiers must ensure that there lawful visitors are protected from using
their premises for the purpose it is meant for (Lexis Nexis Services, 2015).
Data protection Act 1998- this act was implemented in March 2000 for giving the right of
access to personal data to an individual. This personal data include the personal information of
an individual which is held by the company. The personal data of the individual is collected
when the individual collected all the goods and services form the company. The data include the
contact, bank details and any other necessary details which are needed at the time of exchanging.
It is very complex and it is very difficult to interpret. There are eight principles through which
we understand easily. (Hayward, 2000).
These are:
Principle 1 – the data which is provided by the individual must be fairy and lawfully. The data
which is collected by the company from the individual must be free consent of the individual.
The individual must provide the information honestly. The company also must inform to the
clients about that what will them doing with their personal information.
Principle 2- it deals with that the information which is collected by the company used the
information with the limited purpose. That means the information which is collected by the
company giving the reason for collecting the information. And thus company use the information
for that specific purpose which they mentioned. If they use the information outside the purpose
then they have to take the permission from the individual.
Principle 3- The third principle deal with that information which is collected by the company
must be adequate, relevant, and not excessive. The data which is collected by the company
fulfills the needs of the company. Any company cannot hold the information which Is out of
concerned.
Principle 4- The controller which collects the data form the individual must be accurate and up
to date.
Principle 5- According to data protection Act Company cannot hold the data for any longer
time. Company can hold those files and information which is needed by the law or if they really
needed.
Principle 6- Information is used by the company ids according to the individual rights.
Principle 7- The information which is collected by the company must be secured by the
company.
Principle 8- The Information which is collected by the company should not be transferred
outside the company. There are adequate levels of protection for protected the information of the
individual.
P2.2 Analyse legislation that relates to equalityThere various legislation which relates to equality. As according to law there is no discrimination
among humans on the basis of sex, caste, religion. All people are treated equal in the eyes of
laws. So in our legislations there are few laws which are related to equality laws.
1. Employment protection act 1976
2. Race discrimination Act 1976
3. Tourism employees welfare fund
4. Disability discrimination Act
5. Sex discrimination act 1975
These are explaining below:
1. Employment protection act 1976- This act is employment protection consolidation Act
1978. This act is applied to both public sector employees and private sector employee.
This act laid down certain act on the employee and employer. Employees are the member
of the employer’s family. This act is including the nine parts in which it includes the
laws relating to the employee and employers. The employees get the right of maternity
leaves, right to get the remuneration on the ground of medical. This act also established a
commission for racial equality which review the legislation and have duty to sure that
the act is followed or not .(legislation.gov.uk, 2015)
2. Race discrimination Act 1976- It is established by the United Kingdom parliament for
preventing the inequality among people on the ground of racial. This act deal with the
racial discrimination between the people of different racial discrimination. This act
protects the individual against any racial discrimination, racial discrimination namely the
colour, race, nationality, ethnic, or national origins. It protects the individual in the
employment field. It also include education, housing, advertising, and in any provisions
of goods and service. (legislation.gov.uk, 2015)
3. Tourism employee’s welfare fund- The Tourism employee’s welfare fund has been
established under the Tourism employee’s welfare fund act 2002.The main purpose of
this act is to provide the social and economic welfare to the employees and their family in
the tourism business. There is a welfare board which carries out the various functions for
the welfare for employees.
Provide the loan to the employee but it is according to the terms and conditions.
Payment is also received in the form of consideration for which the services
which is provided.
Board can take the share, debentures or hold any security of the company.
(Ministry of Tourism and External Communications, 2015).
4. Disability discrimination Act- This act deals with the disable person. The objective of
this act is to give the protection to the disable person from any discrimination which is
faces by the many disable people. After the inclusion of the disability discrimination (NI)
order 2006 it gives various rights to the disable person. The rights which are given to the
disable person in the area of in education, employment, in workplace, in transport
services, in purchasing and selling the property, and in granting any other license.
(nidirect.gov.uk)
5. Sex discrimination act 1975- There are 87 sections which related to the discrimination
on the basis of sex. This act prohibited the sex discrimination among men and women.
All people are treated equal there is no discrimination id made on the basis of sex. It also
prohibited the discrimination which is held at workplace on the ground of men and
women. Thus act eliminates this type of practices and promotes equal opportunity among
men and women. (legislation.gov.uk, 2015)
TASK 3
P3. Understand consumer protection legislation in relation to the travel and tourism sector
P3.1- explain contract legislation in relation to travel and tourism customersTrade Description Act 1968- This act is provided the protection against the any false
descriptions which is made regarding the product and service which is provided by the hotel
to the tourist. Hotel is under any obligation that they should has to provide the goods and
services according to the description .Under trade descriptions act the accommodation which
is provided to the tourist is must be in according with the act and accurate, if it is not accurate
then it is offence under section 14 of this act and it is also become an offence under the
consumer protection from unfair trading regulation 2008 part 3 regulation 9, for example : if
the hotel manager advertise the hotel in any newspaper or any brochures that hotel have sea
view or any other thing but there is no sea view so it would amount an offence.
(legislation.gov.uk, 2015).
The Package Travel Regulations- The tour operator is under a duty that he has to give all
the information which is asked by the tourist related to tourism. Thus it is the right of the
consumer that he has full information before entering in contract with the operator of the
tour. According to the regulation 15 of the package travel regulations act it is the duty of the
tour operator that to furnish the full information relating to the services and facility which is
provided in tour in information sheet. The service and facility which is provided in the
information sheet, it is necessary that tour operator has to give the facility which is
mentioned in the information sheet if he is fails then he will be liable to pay the
compensation to the consumer. (HolidayTravelWatch, 2015)
Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulation 2008- This regulation protect the
consumer from the unfair trade practices like misleading information which is given through
marketing, advertisement and any other method, from this they get information relating to the
service and facility which is provided by the tourist company regarding the packages from
this the tourist are attracted to such packages through this they are in indulge in the
violations of the contract. (legislation.gov.uk, n.d).
Supply of Good and Service Act 1982- in this act the tour operator must ensure that they
will carry the goods with reasonable skill and care. There are certain terms and conditions
which is laid down in the brochure, advertisement and the representative must ensure that he
met all the conditions. (Dale, 2005).
P3.2- explain consumer protection legislation in relation to travel and tourism customersIn modern times the travel industry is increased day by day and people also use their service
more. It is become necessary that to protect the interest of the consumer form the various
unfair trading practice which is run by the various tour operators. For protecting the interest
of the consumer legislation is made through which the consumer get compensation if there is
contract of breach is made by the tourist operator. The process of ABTA bonds and ATOL
licenses are some example of procedure which protect the consumer interest. (Managing
Health and Safety in the Hospitality, Travel and Tourism Industry, n.d).
There various duties and responsibility of the travel stop but they have to do the following for
sell their tour product. These are:
1. On the behalf of the tour operator the travel stop can make sell their whole package of the
travel.
2. They can sell the some travel product like sell the flight tickets on the behalf of the
airlines and providing accommodation on behalf of the hotels.
3. They also have to create the package of the airlines ticket and sell that package etc.
The members in the travel stop are Association of Cruise Experts, Association of British Travel
Agents, Air Travel Organizers’ Licensing, IATA - International Air Transport Association,
AITO - Association of Independent Tour Operators (Managing Health and Safety in the
Hospitality, Travel and Tourism Industry, n.d).
There is council directive is appointed for the protection of the consumer. The council directive
protects the consumers who are under the contract with the tour operator in related to the travel.
The information which is provided under the brochure which is indicated clear about the meal
plan, price of accommodations charges, the transport which is used by them etc. is cancelled then
it is necessary to inform, the consumer and at this point consumer have the right to terminate
their contract. Consumer also have right to terminate his contract if the organizer is also fails to
perform his duties according to the contract. (Managing Health and Safety in the Hospitality,
Travel and Tourism Industry, n.d)
TASK 4
P4. Understand the role of business ethics in the travel and tourism sector
P4.1 Analyze ethical dilemmas faced by the travel and tourism sectorThe tourist have desire to gain experience in their adventures during journey. Individual have
wish to see the other lives of people, that how they live. The tourist have desire to observe the
people in their genuine surroundings, as well as they also learn the corporeal materializations of
their lives. The inwards of the tourist are bound with the selected destinations which have the
variety of different grouping, nations, or communities. In recent times the most criticized part is
that to lying in the tourists resort but at present the purpose of the cultural tourism that it is
treated again and again as conscientious tourism. The tourists are in their self-confidence they
are aware about their world. They treated the native people as Disneyland employee who always
act as an exotic scene. (University School of Physical Education (AWF) in Poznan, 2012)
P4.2 Analyze the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policy of a specified travel and tourism businessCorporate social responsibility- It is a business practice which involve in initiative in the benefit
of the society. It is also referred as corporate citizenship which involves short term costs which
is not giving immediate financial benefits to the company but it gives benefited for the society
and environment. Some companies have lot of power in the society and also in the national
economy. They have lots of assets and cash in billions so they dispose in the society programs or
invest in the society programs. Corporate social responsibility has been giving the meaning from
the variety of dimension such as environment, economic stake holders.
A corporate social responsibility is a responsibility and a commitment made by the business that
they behave ethical and they also make contribution in the economic and social development for
making the improvement in the life of the individual and their family in the workforce as elel as
for the public at large. (Holme R, 2000).
Corporate social responsibility has the most impact of a corporation in the society during its
central commerce-
At the workplace and the market place
The product supply chain and the method of produce the goods.
The “Corporate Social Responsibility General Guideline for tourism sector in Pokhara is the
outcome of a series of collective interactions and debates between Pokhara Tourism Council,
tourism and non-tourism related various member organizations of Pokhara Tourism Council and
the researchers of the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) North-South”.
There are various factors which are responsible for contributing the factors in increasing the
company’s interest in CSR.
1. Due to increasing globalization
2. Legislations and regulations are growth related in the environment
3. Market competition has been increased
4. The reputations of the brand.
And some others factors which are responsible for increasing the interest.
The guidelines which are provided by the CSR for tourism in pokhara
1. It aware the importance of the pokhara destination for which it become the tourist
destination.
2. It also helps in protecting the local environment and culture in a sustainable way.
3. It also support the advantage that pokahra is a tourist destination in a global tourism
market.
4. The tourist company also sees the link between the CSR and other forms which are the
profit centers, product and services.
It has make possible the Corporate Social Responsibility carry out in hold up of disagreement
improvement as well as tranquillity construction in as well as in the course of tourism in Pokhara
Valley. This teaching is an effect of PAMS project that intended to upscale as well as make
stronger the tranquillity probable of tourism by trying to change the limited tourism
performances as accountable as well as sustainable economically, and socially too The purpose
of this scheme was to make corporate social responsibility principles on combined basis.The
purpose of this scheme was to make corporate social responsibility principles on combined basis
(J, 1994).
Refrences1.Blackman, H. (2005). Travel & Tourism: AS Level for OCR : GCE AS Level Double Award.
Heinemann.
2. HolidayTravelWatch. (2015). Consumer Rights in The Package Travel Regulations - Know
your travel rights. Retrieved 5 26, 2015, from
http://www.holidaytravelwatch.com/action/package-travel-regulations/your-consumer-rights-in-
the-package-travel-regulations[Accessed 9 Jun. 2015].
3. legislation.gov.uk. (n.d). Carriage by Air and Road Act 1979 . Retrieved 5 26, 2015, from
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1979/28/pdfs/ukpga_19790028_en.pdf[Accessed 9 Jun.
2015].
4. legislation.gov.uk. (n.d). Race Discrimination Act 1976. Retrieved 5 25, 2015, from
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1976/74/pdfs/ukpga_19760074_en.pdf[Accessed 9 Jun.
2015].
5. legislation.gov.uk. (n.d). Sex Discrimination Act 1975. Retrieved 5 26, 2015, from
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/65/pdfs/ukpga_19750065_en.pdf[Accessed 9 Jun.
2015].
6. legislation.gov.uk. (n.d). The Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008.
Retrieved 5 26, 2015, from
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/1277/pdfs/uksi_20081277_en.pdf[Accessed 9 Jun.
2015].
7. legislation.gov.uk. (n.d). Trade Descriptions Act 1968 . Retrieved 5 25, 2015, from http: 20.
Lexis Nexis Services. (2015). Occupiers Liability. Retrieved 5 26, 2015, from
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ukpga/1968/29/pdfs/ukpga_19680029_en.pdf[Accessed 9 Jun. 2015].
8. Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978. [online] Available at:
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/44/contents [Accessed 9 Jun. 2015]
9. The Race Relations Act 1976. [online] Available at: http://www.inbrief.co.uk/discrimination-
law/race-discrimination.htm [Accessed 9 Jun. 2015].
