Ghs revision training un manual 6 training update

GHS Revision Training

Based upon UN Manual #6

Same program with a NEW

Category ADDED July 2015

P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada

Hazard Communication and Globally

Harmonized System (GHS)

• The GHS is an acronym for the Globally

Harmonized System of Classification and

Labeling of Chemicals.

• The elements in the GHS meet the basic

requirement of any hazard communication

system, which is to decide if the chemical

product produced and/or supplied is

hazardous and to prepare a label and/or

Safety Data Sheet (SDS) as appropriate.


20

Chemicals are all around us every day

Chemicals can be:

o Corrosive

o Reactive

o Flammable

o Explosive

o Oxidizing

o Inert


PPT-016-04 21

In many cases, the chemicals you may deal with at work are no more dangerous than those you use at home

But in the workplace exposure may be greater, concentrations higher, exposure time longer: potential danger could be greater on the job



In simple terms


MORE DATA TO LEARN

• (GHS)", addresses classification of chemicals by types of hazard and proposes harmonized hazard communication elements, including labels and safety data sheets. It aims at ensuring that information on physical hazards and toxicity from chemicals be available in order to enhance the protection of human health and the environment during the handling, transport and use of these chemicals. The GHS also provides a basis for harmonization of rules and regulations on chemicals at national, regional and worldwide level, an important factor also for trade facilitation.

• GHS Rev.6 (2015) : includes, inter alia, a new hazard class for desensitized explosives and a new hazard category for pyrophoric gases; miscellaneous provisions intended to clarify the criteria for some hazard classes (explosives, specific target organ toxicity following single exposure, aspiration hazard and hazardous to the aquatic environment); additional information to be included in the Safety Data Sheets (section 9); revised and further rationalized precautionary statements and a new example in Annex 7 addressing labelling of small packagings.

• http://www.unece.org/trans/danger/publi/ghs/ghs_rev05/05files_c.html


Six of the changes are to Revision 6

are as follows:• Desensitized Explosives. A new hazard class for Revision 6 which carries the definition of “solid or liquid explosive

substances or mixtures which are phlegmatized to suppress their explosive properties in such a manner that they do not mass explode and do not burn too rapidly and therefore may be exempted from the hazard class “Explosives” (see Chapter 2.1; see also Note 2 to paragraph 2.1.2.2).” This new class will have four categories and include its own label elements, H phrases and P phrases.

• Pyrophoric Gases. Chapter 2.2 entitled “Flammable Gases (Including Chemically Unstable Gases) is changing to “Flammable Gases”. While the title change is not necessarily newsworthy, the inclusion of the hazard class pyrophoric gases” is. This hazard class now comes with a standardized criteria, label elements and H/P phrases.

• Section 9 Restructure. In Chapter 1.5 for Table 1.5.2, there is a new order format for Section 9’s Physical and Chemical Properties.

• The re-formatting “NOTE: The order of the physical and chemical properties presented in Section 9 may be followed on the SDS as shown in this table, but is not mandatory. The competent authority may decide to prescribe an order for Section 9 of the SDS, or they may leave it to the preparer of the SDS to re-order the properties, if deemed appropriate.”

• On the surface these seems to be a simple change in the order the order of properties which does not have to be followed. However, upon a closer inspection of Annex 4: Guidance on The Preparation of Safety Data Sheets, the real impact is seen. There are now THREE tables to consider.

• STOT SE Cat 3 Refinement. For many this category in regards to mixtures can be perplexing and to some – vague. When Revision 6 is published, a lone paragraph which further refines the extrapolation of the toxicity of the mixture, cut-off values/concentrations and “relevant ingredients” could help clarify many questions.

• Aspiration Category Revisions. Another Health Hazard that can be a challenge is the Aspiration Hazard especially in instances where classification of mixture is needed. Revision 6 completely revises Category 1 and Category 2 with the addition of “relevant ingredients” and the sum of ingredient concentrations. There is a paragraph now for the use of expert judgment and a revision to the “distinct layers” classification.

• Aquatic Toxicity M Factor adjustments. The use of M factors for Aquatic Toxicity also sees adjustment in Revision 6. In particular, the phrase “multiplied by their corresponding M factors” is now part of classification for Acute categories 1, 2 and 3. Those simple words could have far-reaching impacts when put to use.


17 not 16

• A new hazard class will be introduced: Desensitized explosives(in 4 sub-categories); there will be 17 physical hazard classes in GHS Revision 6;

• A sub-hazard category will be introduced for flammable gases: Pyrophoric gas;

• New hazard statements and precautionary statements have been assigned for the new hazard class and hazard category (please refer to the picture below);

• A new example is given for the GHS labelling of small packages.

• For a hazardous chemical classified with multiple hazards, it is very important that we use prioritized GHS pictogram, signal word or hazard statements to communicate the most significant hazards first. In this article, we have summarized main GHS precedence rules for pictogram, signal word, hazard statement and precautionary statements. We hope that you find this article helpful.



Tiered Approach to Classification

Generally use test data for the mixture, when available

��

Use bridging principles, if applicable

��

For health and environmental hazards, estimate hazards based on the known ingredient information


Physical Hazards

Explosives

Flammability – gases, aerosols, liquids, solids

Oxidizers – liquid, solid, gases

Self-Reactive

Pyrophoric – liquids, solids

Self-Heating

Organic Peroxides

Corrosive to Metals

Gases Under Pressure

Water-Activated Flammable Gases


Key Label Elements

Product identifier

Supplier identifier

Chemical identity

Hazard pictograms*

Signal words*

Hazard statements*

Precautionary information

*Standardized


Pictogram Shape and Colour

� For transport, pictograms will have the background and symbol colours currently used.

� For other sectors, pictograms will have a black symbol on a white background with a red diamond frame. A black frame may be used for shipments within one country.

� Where a transport pictogram appears, the GHS pictogram for the same hazard should not appear.


Transport Pictograms


GHS Pictograms

!


Precedence Rules for GHS Pictograms

• For physical hazards, the pictograms (labels) prescribed by the UN Model Regulations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (TDG) should be used. If a transport pictogram appears on the package, the GHS pictogram for the same hazard should not appear.

• For health hazards: Exclamation mark should not appear if:

• if skull and crossbones applies; or ;

• if used for skin sensitization or skin/eye irritation;– If corrosive pictogram applies; or

– If the health hazard pictogram appears for respiratory sensitization.

• The picture below summarizes GHS pictogram precedence.

Precedence for Signal Words

• If "Danger" is used, "warning" should not appear. Only one of them needs to appear on a label.

Precedence Rules for Hazard Statement

• All hazard statements should appear on a GHS label, except those as specified below:

• If H410 "Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects" is assigned, H400 "Very toxic to aquatic life" may be omitted;

• If H411 "Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects" is assigned, H401 "Toxic to aquatic life" may be omitted;

• If H412 "Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects" is assigned, H402 "Harmful to aquatic life" may be omitted;

• If H314 "Causes severe skin burns and eye damage" is assigned, H318 "Causes serious eye damage" may be omitted;


The Scope of the GHS

• Covers all hazardous chemical substances, dilute

solutions, and mixtures.

• Pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics and

pesticide residues in food will not be covered at the

point of consumer/end user, but will be covered

where workers may be exposed (such as the

manufacturing of food and pharmaceuticals), and in

transport.


What are GHS Hazards?

The categories of hazards are:

� Physical

� Health

� Environmental (non-mandatory)

Hazards not Otherwise Classified (HNOC) by GHS

are required to be included on SDS (section 2) and

will be addressed in employee training.P bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada

GHS Physical Hazards

• Explosives

• Flammable Gases

• Flammable Aerosols

• Oxidizing Gases

• Gases Under Pressure

Physical Hazards

• Flammable Liquids

• Flammable Solids

• Self-Reactive Substances

• Pyrophoric Liquids

Continued


GHS Physical Hazards

• Oxidizing Liquids

• Oxidizing Solids

• Organic Peroxides

• Corrosive to Metals

Physical Hazards

• Pyrophoric Solids

• Self-Heating Substances

• Substances which, in

contact with water, emit

flammable gases

Continued


GHS Health Hazards

• Acute Toxicity

• Skin Corrosion/Irritation

• Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation

• Respiratory or Skin Sensitization

• Germ Cell Mutagenicity

• Carcinogenicity

Health Hazards

Continued


GHS Health Hazards

• Reproductive Toxicology

• Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Single Exposure

• Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Repeated Exposure

• Aspiration Toxicity

Health Hazards

Continued


GHS Environmental Hazards

Hazardous to the Aquatic Environment

• Acute aquatic toxicity

• Chronic aquatic toxicity

�Bioaccumulation potential

�Rapid degradability

Environmental Hazards

**New in the USA not Canada**


Role of the SDS in the GHS

• The SDS* provides comprehensive information about a chemical substance or mixture.

• Primary Use: The Workplace

• Employers and workers use the SDS as a source of information about hazards and to obtain advice on safety precautions.

• The SDS format will make finding hazard and chemical information easier.

*SDS—Formerly known as Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)


Is there a specific GHS label format / layout?

• The actual label format or layout is not specified in the

GHS.

• However, there are required label elements.

Labeling


Label Elements

Product identifier

Supplier identifier

Chemical identity

Hazard pictograms*

Signal words*

Hazard statements*

Precautionary information

*These three elements, on all hazard warnings, are

required to be located together on the label


The standardized label elements included in

the GHS are:

• Signal Words

• Hazard Statements

• Symbols (hazard pictograms)

Labeling


Signal Words

“Danger” or “Warning”

Used to emphasize hazards and indicate relative level

of severity of the hazard assigned to a GHS hazard

class and category


Hazard Statements

• Include appropriate statement for each GHS hazard on

labels for products possessing more than one hazard.

• Examples of required hazard statements:

“Keep away from fire, sparks and heated surfaces”

“Do not use in areas without adequate ventilation”

“Use CO2, dry chemical, or foam” (for fighting fires)

“Wear safety goggles and gloves”


Pictograms

Have been standardized to convey health, physical

and environmental hazard information, assigned to a

GHS hazard class and category


Pictograms are required in the revised Hazard

Communication Standard. The nine pictograms

above are standardized.

Pictograms


Exclamation Mark

• Irritant (skin and eye)

•Skin Sensitizer

•Acute Toxicity (harmful)

•Narcotic Effects

•Respiratory Tract Irritant

•Hazardous to Ozone

Layer (Non-Mandatory)



Health Hazard

• Carcinogen

• Mutagenicity

• Reproductive Toxicity

• Respiratory Sensitizer

• Target Organ Toxicity

• Aspiration ToxicityP bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada


Flame

• Flammables

• Pyrophorics

• Self-Heating

• Emits Flammable Gas

• Self-Reactives

• Organic PeroxidesP bar Y Safety Consultants Alberta Canada


Gas Cylinder

•Gases under Pressure



Corrosion

•Skin Corrosion/

burns

•Eye Damage

•Corrosive to Metals



Exploding Bomb

•Explosives

•Self-Reactives

•Organic Peroxides



Flame over Circle

• Oxidizers



Skull and Crossbones

•Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)



Environment (Non-Mandatory)

•Aquatic Toxicity




Label Example

Xyz Chemical Co.

WarningFlammable Liquid and Vapor

Harmful if Swallowed

May Cause Damage to Organs (Liver)

May Cause Damage to Organs through prolonged or repeated exposure (Heart)

First AidIf swallowed

If on skin


Workplace labeling

• Same workplace –specific labeling.

• Make sure the labeling system is updated to

be consistent with the new classifications.

• NFPA/HMIS Systems - NO

– (rating systems v. classification)


Secondary labeling

• Employers have more flexibility. The basic requirement for workplace labeling is as

follows:

• “the final rule retains the flexibility by indicating that the employer can choose to

label workplace containers either with the same label that would be on shipped

containers for the chemical under the revised rule, or with label alternatives that

meet the requirements for the standard.”

• “Product identifier and words, pictures, symbols, or combination thereof, which, in

conjunction with the other information immediately available to the employee

under the HC program, will provide employees with the specific information

regarding the physical and health hazards of the hazardous chemical.”


Appendix A – Class w/category

ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY - Class

Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5

LD50 £ 5 mg/kg > 5 < 50 mg/kg ³ 50 < 300

mg/kg

³ 300 < 2000

mg/kg

³ 2000 < 5000

mg/kg

Pictogram No symbol

Signal word Danger Danger Danger Warning Warning

Hazard

statement

Fatal if

swallowed

Fatal if

swallowed

Toxic if

swallowed

Harmful if

swallowed

May be harmful

if swallowed


Physical Hazards

� Definition, test methods and classification

� Used criteria for transport as basis for the

work since they were already harmonized


Physical Hazards

Explosives class with categories 1.1-1.6

Flammability – gases, aerosols, liquids, solids

Oxidizers – liquid, solid, gases

Self-Reactive

Pyrophoric – liquids, solids

Self-Heating

Organic Peroxides

Corrosive to Metals

Gases Under Pressure

Water-Activated Flammable Gases


Labels

• Standardization for all labels

• Reprocess of all labels in transit

• Enhance communication

– Standard pictograms

– Signal words (Danger or Warning)

– Hazard statements

– Precautionary statements


Precautionary Information

� Include appropriate precautionary information

� Examples of precautionary statements are

provided

� Intent is to harmonize

Prevention Response Storage



Precautionary Statements and

Pictograms: Measures to

minimize or prevent adverse effects.


Product Identifier (ingredient

disclosure): Name or number

used for a hazardous product on a label or in the SDS.


Supplier identification: The

name, address and telephone

number should be provided on

the label.


Supplemental information:

non-harmonized information


HCS Key Revisions also Include

PPT-016-04 11

• Disclosure of PELs and voluntary threshold limit values (TLVs)

established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)

• Disclosure of carcinogen status from nationally and internationally recognized lists of carcinogens

• Inclusion of combustible dust in the definition of “hazardous chemical” covered on labels and SDS

• Workers be re-trained within 2 years of the publication of the final rule

• Mixtures (GHS)

o Health hazards can be based on data for mixtureo If no data, extrapolate from ingredient data or other similar mixtures to classify


PPT-016-04 13

OH&S label elements for:

Pyrophoric Gases:-Signal Word: Danger-Hazard Statement: “Catches fire spontaneously if

exposed to air”Simple Asphyxiants:

-Signal Word: Warning-Hazard Statement: “May displace oxygen and cause

rapid suffocation”Combustible Dusts:

-Signal Word: Warning-Hazard Statement: “May form combustible dust

concentrations in the air”


Hazard Classification

PPT-016-04 18

• GHS has specific criteria for each health and physical hazard

• Detailed instructions for hazard evaluation and determinations whether mixtures of the substance are covered

• A and B (mandatory): Classification guidance for health hazards and physical hazards

• Test-method neutral (person classifying a chemical or substance should use available data and no additional testing is required to classify a chemical)


Routes of Occupational Exposure

PPT-016-04 22

Inhalation - nearly all materials that are airborne can be inhaled

Skin Absorption - skin contact with a substance can result in a possible reaction

Ingestion - most workers do not deliberately swallow materials they handle

Injection – normally associated with bloodborne pathogens

Ocular - absorbed through the eyes


Health Hazard

PPT-016-04 26

Health hazard - Occurs when a chemical produces an acute or chronic health effect on exposed employees


Acute Health Effects

PPT-016-04 27

• Happen quickly

• High, brief exposure

• Examples:

o Carbon monoxide poisoning

o Cyanide inhalation

o Hydrogen sulfide inhalation


Chronic Health Effects

PPT-016-04 28

• May be caused by chemical exposures that do not cause immediate, obvious harm or make you feel sick right away

• May not see, feel, or smell the danger

• Effects are long, continuous and follow repeated long-term exposure; e.g.:

o Lung cancer from cigarette smokingo Black lung from coal mine dust


Label Information

PPT-016-04 32

Chemical manufacturers and importers must provide a label that includes:

• Harmonized signal word

• Pictogram

• Hazard statement for each hazard class and category

• Precautionary statements must also be provided as well as product identifier and supplier information


PPT-016-04 56

UN regulations:

This symbol affixed to packaging on a background of contrasting color

Only UN transport markings and labels are required for outer packaging


PPT-016-04 63

• Reactions with other chemicals

• Physical appearance

• Date of preparation

• Plus:

o How to put out a fire caused by a chemical

o How to handle spills

o How to prevent dangerous exposures


Where are your SDSs?

PPT-016-04 64

SDSs:

• Must be readily accessible to employees during their work shift

• Are typically kept in a centralized location

• Must be updated as new information becomes available


Now that You’ve Been Through the Presentation:

PPT-016-04 95

Large containers balanced on edge of shelf- not safe

If chemical, coffee can is not proper type of storage container

Do you see any problems here?

Maybe improperly labeled container- what’s in the coffee can? Coffee not allowed with chemicals; if chemical, not labeled properly


Law

Ghs revision training un manual 6 training update