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Dr. Jen Russel-Houston and Dr. Jian-Yang Yuan of Osum Oil Sands Corp. Special thanks to: The Osum Grosmont team Petrel Robertson (Cornelius Rott) TerraWRX Laricina Grosmont Team
Citation preview
The Potential of Grosmont Carbonates and the Path for Realizing It.
Jen Russel-Houston and Jian-Yang Yuan [email protected]
Thanks:Osum Grosmont TeamPetrel Robertson (Cornelius Rott)TerraWRXLaricina Grosmont Team
Photo: Madison Group, Mission Canyon Fm.
Key Message
1. The Grosmont Formation carbonate rocks host a giant bitumen reservoir.
2. Modern insitu technologies for mapping and exploiting sandstone bitumen reservoirs are applicable to carbonate reservoirs.
3. Models suggest that SAGD/solvent will be commercially viable at Saleski.
Presentation Outline
• Ancient History– Devonian Carbonate Platform
– Early Dolomitization
– Jurassic – Cretaceous Karstification
– Cretaceous – Tertiary Oil emplacement
• Recent History – 1970s 80s Pilots (Buffalo Creek)
– 2006-10; land rush, delineation wells,
seismic, reservoir simulation.
• The Future– Osum/Laricina SAGD and Solvent Pilot
Photo: Madison Group, Mission Canyon Fm.
Grosmont Formation:
Estimated 406 Billion Barrels OIIPERCB, ST98 report 2010.
Devonian Reefs
Devonian Reefs
Blakey, R. 2010. http://www2.nau.edu/rcb7/globaltext2.html
Late Devonian (360 Ma)Grosmont Platform and Devonian Reef Trends from wells.
Cutler, 1983
Bahamas Platform, photographic image from outer space by NASA
Stratigraphy
Grosmont Formation: Estimated 406 Billion Barrels OIIPERCB, ST98 report 2010.
A
A’
Grosm
ont
Devonian Reefs
After Buschkuehle et al. 2007 and Cutler, 1983
A A’
Saleski Area Base Map
149 gross sections (109 net sections)
Osum/Laricina Grosmont Pilot-SAGD/solvent-horizontal wells drilled from surface
Wabiskaw shale caprock
Cutler, 1983
Depositional Model: shallow carbonate platform
Diagenetic Model: reflux dolomitization, solution enhancement, and stratiform brecciation
After Buschkuehle et al. 2007 and Machel and Huebscher, 2001Hopkins and Barrett, 2009
Stratiform brecciation
T
P
Grosmont A, Argillaceous limemudstone and
stromatoporoid + amphipora floatstone
I
Grosmont A, Argillaceous limemudstone and
stromatoporoid + amphipora floatstoneGrosmont B,Argillaceous limemudstone
T
PI
Grosmont B,Argillaceous limemudstone
T
PI
Grosmont B,Stromatoporoid + amphipora floatstoneNodular limemudstone
T
PI
Grosmont B,Nodular limemudstoneGrosmont C,Argillaceous dolomudstone
T
PI
Grosmont C,Argillaceous dolomudstoneNodular limemudstone (rare)Basal Seal
T
PI
Grosmont C,Argillaceous massive dolomudstoneVuggy dolomudstoneProduction zone
Ф = 0.12So = 0.51Sw =0.171- Sw = 0.83
Ф = 0.14So = 0.74Sw =0.081-Sw = 0.92
Ф = 0.21So = 0.82Sw =0.041-Sw = 0.96
T
PI
Grosmont C,Argillaceous massive dolomudstoneVuggy dolomudstone
Vuggy dolomudstone, Grosmont C, facies 4, 00/07-08-085-18W4,347.00 m. Plain-polarized light. Pore space in centre (stained with blue epoxy) represents a vug filled with bitumen that was removed during thin section preparation.
Grosmont C,Vuggy dolomudstoneInjection well location
T
PI
Grosmont C,Vuggy dolomudstone
Vuggy dolomudstone, Grosmont C, facies 4, 00/07-08-085-18W4,342.90 m. Plain-polarized light. Pore space in lower left corner (stained with blue epoxy) represents part of a vug. subhedral, euhedral, finely to medium crystalline.
Grosmont C,Sucrosic dolomudstoneLaminated to massive dolomudstone
Ф = 0.31So = 0.94Sw =0.021-Sw = 0.98
T
PI
Grosmont C,Laminated to massive dolomudstone
T
PI
Grosmont D,Argillaceous dolomudstoneBrecciated and laminated dolomudstone
T
PI
AA/13-09-086-18W4, 249.40 m., Grosmont D, facies 6, Brecciated dolomudstone ("dolofudge"), Plain-polarized light. Uncleaned sample. Note extensive solution porosity and chaotic arrangement of anhedral dolomite in the matrix.
AA/13-09-086-18W4, 249.40 m., Grosmont D, facies 6, Brecciated dolomudstone ("dolofudge"), Plain-polarized light. Uncleaned sample. Note extensive solution porosity and chaotic arrangement of anhedral dolomite in the matrix.
Grosmont D Outcrop Analogue
Montana Belt Creek
Madison Group, Mission Canyon Fm.
-Greater than 10 meters thick-Paleosol with evidence of salt dissolution at the base.-Bedding still preserved within Intraformational breccia.-Correlatable along 15 km Belt Creek Valley.
Grosmont D, FA6, brecciated and laminated facies~ 12 m thick.
1
23
4
5Madison Group, Lodgepole Fm.
•20 – 40 m thick carbonate mudstone to grainstone parasequence sets.
•Correlatable along the Belt Creek Valley ~ 15 km.
Grosmont D,Brecciated and laminated dolomudstoneLaminated to massive dolomudstone
T
PI
Dolomudstone, Grosmont D, facies 6, 00/07-08-085-18W4, 318.60 m. Plain-polarized light.
In the highly porous part of this field of view, dolomite rhombs have been affected by intense leaching resulting in extremely high inter- and intracrystalline porosity
Grosmont D,Laminated to massive dolomudstone
T
PI
Grosmont D,Laminated to massive dolomudstone
T
PI
Grosmont ATop Structure
• Dips gently to the southwest.• Top of reservoir at 260-300 m TVD• Continuous reservoir (Grosmont C +D)
Grosmont C+DNet Pay (DPOR > 12%, Sw core < 50%)
Presentation Outline
• Ancient History– Devonian Carbonate Platform
– Early Dolomitization
– Jurassic – Cretaceous Karstification
– Cretaceous – Tertiary Oil emplacement
• Recent History – 1970s 80s Pilots (Buffalo Creek)
– 2006-10; land rush, delineation wells,
seismic, reservoir simulation.
• The Future– Osum/Laricina SAGD and Solvent Pilot
Photo: Madison Group, Mission Canyon Fm.
Grosmont Formation
First drilled in 1949 100/13-17-67-23W4
Described in 1952 by Helen Belyea.
By-passed pay: hydrocarbon saturated rock that is unrecognized, uneconomic or technically not able to be produced at the time of discovery.
Early Thermal Pilots• Vertical Wells• CSS, Steam drive, in situ
combustionIssues:• Karst Zones• Poor Seismic• Immature science,
– High pressure, low quality steam
• Operational issues– Fuel supply issues– Boiler reliability– Sediment handling– Inability to dispose of
produced fluids.
Little Belt Mountains, Mission Canyon Fm. with cavern-fill breccias with clay from Kibbey Fm.
Roadside Madison Group, Mission Canyon Fm.
Subvertical fractures connect horizonally- oriented (bedding plane) dissolution enhanced high perm zones.
0.1 Derror
1 D
Lost core
Buffalo Creek Simulation
Grosmont 2010• 3D seismic • Computer simulation of old
pilots • Micro-resistivity Image log
data• Modern laboratory tests
(NMR, CAT scan)– Recovery factors 30-60%– Solvent can increase the RF
and the rate.– Vugs, fractures, and matrix all
contribute
Grosmont 2010• 3D seismic • Computer simulation of old
pilots • Micro-resistivity Image log data • Modern laboratory tests (NMR,
CAT scan)• Experience in thermal
development of clastic reservoirs with bitumen (not heavy oil).
– Horizontal drilling– Advancements in well completions
(liners, pumps) – SAGD, and more CSS
experience.
Grosmont 2010• 3D seismic • Computer simulation of old
pilots • Micro-resistivity Image log
data • Modern laboratory tests
(NMR, CAT scan)• Experience in thermal
development of clastic reservoirs with bitumen (not heavy oil).
• Value of Bitumen
WTI, annualized, inflation adjusted by CPI; after 2000 reduced, before 2000 inflated
Early Grosmont Pilots
Grosmont 2010• 3D seismic • Computer simulation of old
pilots • Micro-resistivity Image log
data • Modern laboratory tests
(NMR, CAT scan)• Experience in thermal
development of clastic reservoirs with bitumen (not heavy oil).
• Value of Bitumen• Accessibility of the Grosmont
Belyea, H.R. 1952. Notes on the Devonian system of the north-central plains of Alberta Geol. Survey Canada, Paper 52. p. 27-66.
Buschkuehle, B. E., Hein, F. J., Grobe, M. 2007. An overview of the geology of the Upper Devonian Grosmont carbonate bitumen deposit, northern Alberta, Canada. Natural Resources Research, vol. 1, no. 1. p. 3-15.
Cutler, W. G. 1983. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Upper Devonian Grosmont Formation, Alberta, Canada: Can. Petroleum Geology Bulletin., vol. 31, no. 4, p. 282-325.
Machel, H. G. and Huebscher, H. 2000. The Devonian heavy oil reservoir in Alberta, Canada. Zentralblatt für Geologie und Paläontologie. Teil I. Vol 1/2. p. 55-84.