Safe Disposal Of Waste

Waste

What Is WasteWaste and wastes are terms for unwanted materials like -• Municipal solid waste• Hazardous waste• Waste water• Radioactive waste• Biological waste

Disposal Of Waste

There are various methods for disposal of waste like:

1) Segregation Of Waste2) Landfill / Dumping Of Waste3) Composting Of Waste4) Drainage

Segregation Of Waste

Segregation of waste according to methods of treatment is the first step to waste management.

It is the separation of biodegradable waste from non biodegradable waste for proper disposal and recycling.

Segregation Of WasteA classic example of suitable containers for the segregation of waste streams are the blue, yellow, green and red recycling bins.

Each colour used to collect onetype of waste• Red are for metal cans• Blue for paper and cardboard• Green or Yellow for plastic

Segregation Of Waste

Importance Of Segregation Of Waste

▪ Improper segregation leads to a mix up in landfills. This can result in leachate or toxic soup

▪ Segregation also prevents health hazards for ragpickers

Importance Of Segregation Of Waste

▪ When the waste is not separated properly it leads to less recycling because it is not easy to remove materials for recycling.

Segregation of WasteWe too can do our bit to help in Segregation of Waste:

Segregation is one of the easiest practice to follow, it starts in your own kitchen. The waste can be categorized as wet and dry waste.

Landfill/Dumping of Waste

LandfillsA landfill site (also known as a tip, dump,rubbish dump or dumping ground ) is a site for

• Disposal of waste materials by burial • Oldest form of waste treatment.

Landfill GasLandfill gas is a complex mix of different gases created by the action of microorganisms within a landfill.

Importance of Landfills▪ Helps reduce area occupied by waste.▪ Serve to prevent contamination between the waste and the surrounding

environment, especially groundwater.▪ Waste Management uses landfill gas as an energy source.

Parts Of A Landfill▪ Bottom liner

▪ Cells (old and new)

▪ Leachate collection system

▪ Storm water drainage

▪ Methane collection system

▪ Cover (or cap)

▪ Groundwater monitoring stations

Types Of Landfills

There are 3 Main types of Landfills:1)Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfill

2)Construction and Demolition Landfill

3)Inert Landfill

Municipal Solid Waste LandfillHighly engineered, state permitted disposal facility where

municipal solid waste (non-hazardous waste residences, hotels, including commercial and industrial waste) disposed

Long-term care and monitoring of waste undertaken.

Construction & Demolition landfillConstruction and demolition (C&D) debris:

▪ produced in construction, renovation and/or demolition of structures

▪ typically includes concrete, asphalt, wood, gypsum wallboard, paper, glass, rubble, and roofing materials.

▪ Land clearing debris, such as stumps, rocks and dirt

Inert LandfillInert material consists:

Earth, earth-like products, concrete, cured asphalt, and leaves.

These materials, depending on the state's definition, are allowable by law to be disposed of in inert landfills.

Composting

CompostingComposting: biological decomposition of organic waste

• food or plant material by bacteria, fungi, worms and other organisms

• under controlled aerobic (occurring in the presence of oxygen) conditions.

Types of composting

Types of Composting:▪ Vermicomposting▪ Aerated (Turned) Windrow Composting▪ In-Vessel Composting

Vermicomposting

Red worms or field worms found in gardens- are placed in bins with organic matter in order to break it down into a high-value compost called castings. Worm bins are easy to construct (they are also commercially available)

Vermicomposting

Types of Waste: Worms will eat almost anything in a typical compost pile (e.g., food scraps, paper, plants).

Climate or Seasonal Considerations: The optimal temperatures - 55° F to 77° F.

Requirements: worms, worm bedding and a bin to contain the worms and organic matter.

Vermicomposting

Aerated (Turned) Windrow Composting

Organic waste is formed into rows of long piles called “windrows” and aerated by turning the pile periodically by either manual or mechanical means.

Ideal Height: 1-3 m.Breadth: 12-15 m.

Aerated (Turned) Windrow CompostingTypes of Waste: Yard trimmings, grease, liquids, and animal byproducts (such as fish and poultry wastes)

Climate or Seasonal Considerations: Warm, arid climate. Cold temperatures.

Environmental Concerns: Leachate is liquid released during the composting process. This can contaminate local ground-water and surface-water supplies

Requirements: Large tracts of land, sturdy equipment, a continual supply of labor to maintain and operate the facility.

In-Vessel Composting

Organic materials are fed into a drum, silo, concrete-lined trench, or similar equipment where the environmental conditions-including temperature, moisture, and aeration-are closely controlled.

In-Vessel CompostingTypes of Waste: Basic organic wastes like meat, animal manure, biosolids, food scraps

Climate or Seasonal Considerations: any climate because the environment is carefully controlled

Requirements: Huge capital and a technical assistance to operate properly

Drainage

Drainage

• Drainage is the system of water or waste liquids flowing away from somewhere into the ground or down pipes.

• Drainage is done in combination with rainwater harvesting

Advantages Of Drainage SystemAdvantages:• Remove excess water and remove water logging.• Remove the stench of wastewater collection.• Prevent: soil erosion and spread of disease –causing bacteria.• Maintain a clean and healthy environment.

Drain-Waste-Vent

a Drain-waste-vent (or DWV) is part of a system that removes sewage and greywater from a building and regulates air pressure in the waste-system pipes, facilitating flow. Waste is produced at fixtures such as toilets, sinks and showers, and exits the fixtures through a trap, a dipped section of pipe that always contains water.

Made By:Akash Dubey

Hursh NaikIshaan Sood

Raghavendra PathriaYohann Mathew