Therapeutic Sports Massage

Presented by-Dibendu Kr. Bej (MPED student)

Topic:-Physiological and psychological effects of massage

Introduction

Massage is the systemic rubbing and manipulation of different part of the body for the therapeutic benefits.

The word Massage is a derivation from the Greek massein, or the French masser, which both mean: to knead.

History of the massage History of the massage

o In the Chinese and indian history massage can be traced back as early as 3000 years ago

o In Ayurveda text, in Dinacharya concept it is mentioned that massage should be done after doing exercise.

o “The Cong-Fou of the Tao-Tse”(Chinese text) was probably the foundation both of modern massage and of the manual Swedish movements.

Swedish

Also known as relaxation massage

Usually a full body massage that is focused for relaxation of the client

VARIOUS TYPES OF MASSAGE IN MODERN ERA

Some people actually require deeper work in order to reach a specific muscle

Deep Tissue

Helps to calm the nervous system

Relieves tight and sore muscles

Uses a moist heat

Different size stones are roasted to a warm and comfortable temperature

Great for relieving stress!

Hot Stone

Majority of work is done using the therapists’ feet while the client is face down.

Pressure may range from very light to very deep

Ashiatsu

Used to treat adhesions

Deep tissue work but light pressure

Myo-fascial Release

Mixture of massage and stretching

Great way to get to those hard to reach muscles

Helps to increase flexibility

ROM or Stretching Massage

Effleurage (Stroking)• Every massage begins

and ends with effleurage• Increases venous and

lymphatic flow • Increases circulation to

skin surface • Start with a light pressure,

move centripetally or centrifugally consistently throughout treatment

VARIOUS TECHNIQUES OF MASSAGE

Petrissage (Kneading)

• Consists of kneading manipulations that press and roll muscles under fingers or hands

• Muscles are gently squeezed, lifted, and relaxed

• Hands may remain stationary or move along length of muscle or limb

Tapotment (Percussion)

• Hacking

• Hacking• Slapping

Tapotment (Percussion)

• Hacking• Slapping• Beating

Tapotment (Percussion)

• Hacking• Slapping• Beating• Tapping

Tapotment (Percussion)

• Hacking• Slapping• Beating• Tapping • Clapping or cupping

Tapotment (Percussion)

Vibration

• A fine tremulous movement, made by hand or fingers placed firmly against a part causing a part to vibrate

• Hands should remain in contact and a rhythmical trembling movement will come from arms

Transverse Friction Massage

• Technique for treating chronic tendon inflammation

• Purpose is to increase inflammatory response to progress healing process

• Use strong pressure in perpendicular direction to

fibers for 7 to 10 minutes every other day

Acupressure Massage Techniques

• Locate points from chart • Use fingers or elbow to do small

friction- like circular motions

• Amount of pressure applied should be intense and painful

• Patient reports a dulling or numbing effect • Treatment times range from 1-5 min at

several points

Effects of massage

Effects On Pain:• Modulates pain through gate control & -endorphinsSkin:• Purifies the skin from dead horny cells• Improves blood supply to tissues, increases skin temperature• Affects the venous and lymph flow, decreases oedemas• Improves skin and subcutaneous tissue trophicity• Enhances the activity of sweat and sebaceous glands• Contact stimulates cutaneous receptorsNervous System:Nervous System:• Reduces activity of sympathetic nervous system• Reduces fatigue, stress and increases the mental work abilities• Improves the transmission of nerve impulse processes.

Circulatory System:Circulatory System:• Blood flows from the internal organs to skin and muscles• Expand peripheral blood vessels• Improve blood supply to tissues and accelerate capillary

blood circulation• Facilitate and accelerate venous blood circulation• Facilitate heart work and improve blood supply to cardiac

muscle• Reduce blood pressure and decelerate heart rateJoint and ligament system: • Increases elasticity and agility of ligaments• Influences blood and lymph flow in bones and joints.• Most effectively works with friction.

Effects of massage

Lymphatic system:• Speed of the lymph flow in largest lymphatic vessels is four

mm/sec. Through the thoracic duct ( ductus thoracicus) all the lymph flows through only six times in twenty-four-hours

• Massage empties cells from the end-products of metabolism, reduces lymph stasis and oedema.

Muscle system: • Affects the blood and lymph flow in muscles• Enhances elimination of lactic acid• Restores muscle capacity two to four times (the number of

active capillaries increases in muscles). In1mm² of the cross- section of muscles there are opened and functioning 1400 of capillaries

• Increases or reduces muscle tone• Most effective are kneading techniques ( petrissage)

Effects of massage

• Respiratory system-• Reduces the frequency of breathing, • Increases the oxygen intake and the carbon dioxide elimination, • Improves the blood and lymph flow in respiratory organs and

muscles• Enhances expectoration

• Digestive system- • Improves small intestine peristalsis, • Stimulates blood and lymph flow, thereby improving the

absorption of nutrients. • Increases secretion of bile• Internal organs are most effectively affected by vibration

techniques of massage.

Effects of massage

• Excretory System-– Increases the elaboration of urine, mineral salts,

urea and uric acid.

• Endocrine system-– Improves blood, lymph circulation, activates

functional activity of internal secretion glands. Improves self-comfort.

Effects of massage

Psychological effects of massage• Increases awareness of mind-body connection!• Massage can help you become more aware of where we are

holding tension, as well as where we have tight muscles or painful areas

• Massage reduces mental stress and Decreases angry feelings- secretion of cortisol hormone increases.

• Promotes better sleep and sleep patterns• Massage induces mental relaxation• Fosters peace of mind and moods – Serotonin & endorphins

hormone secretion increases.• Massage helps improve concentration• Provides mental clarity• Revitalizes your mind

Indications For Massage

• increase coordination• decrease pain • decrease

neuromuscular excitibility

• stimulate circulation • facilitate healing• restore joint mobility• remove lactic acid

• alleviate muscle cramps• increase blood flow• increase venous return• retard muscle atrophy• increase range of motion• edema• myofascial trigger points• stretching scar tissue

• adhesions• muscle spasm • myositis• bursitis• fibrositis• tendinitis

• revascularization • Raynaud's disease• intermittent

claudication• dysmenorrhea • headaches• migraines

Indications For Massage

ReferencesReferences

• 1. Archer, P. (May 2001). Three clinical sports massage approaches for treating injured athletes. Athletic Therapy Today. 6(3): 14-20.

• 2. Barnes, J. (2004). What is myo fascial release. 17-19.• 3. Clover, J. (2001). Sports medicine essentials: core concepts in athletic

training and fitness instruction. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Learning.• 4. Hilbert, J; Sforzo, G; Swenson, T. (2003). Massage decreases intensity of

delayed soreness. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 37: 72-75.• 5. Prentice, W. (2003). Therapeutic modalities. ed. New York, NY: McGraw

Hill.• 6. Sefton, J. (May 2004). Myofascial release or athletic trainers, part 3: specific

techniques. Athletic Therapy Today. 9(3) 40-41.• 7. Sykaras, E; et al. (2003). Manual massage effects in knee extensors peak

torque during short-term intense continuous concentric – eccentric isokinetic exercise in female elite athletes. Isokinetics

Contraindications For Massage

• arteriosclerosis• thrombosis • embolism• severe varicose

veins• acute phlebitis• cellulitis

• synovitis• abscesses• skin infections • cancers • acute inflammatory

conditionsThank you so much for having

patients