UTI - III

Novel drugs from Plants

approved by

German Commission E.

for UTI

(UTI – III)

- Ref: Bluementhal et. al. (1998)

Presented by Dr. Sudhakar Kokate Director PPRC, India

Angelica archangelica – Fruit

Asparagus officinalis – Rhizome root

Phaseolus vulgaris – Bean pod

Taraxacum officinale

Armoracia rusticana

Orthosiphon spicatus

Levisticum officinale

Angelica archangelica

Asparagus officinalis

Phaseolus vulgaris

Taraxacum officinale

Armoracia rusticana

Orthosiphon spicatus

Levisticum officinale

Tropaeolum majus

Santalum album – Sandalwood

Ononis spinosa

Agropyron repens

…. Above phyto drugs are approved by

German Commission E. for UTI

Ref: (Blumenthal et. al. 1998)

Tropaeolum majus

Santalum album

Ononis spinosa

Agropyron repens

Botanicals

with

anti-nephrotoxic activity

Rheum palmatum

Rheum palmatum (Chinese rhubarb)

Used for treatment of chronic renal failure in ancient times

Active compounds: tannins

Tannins reduce levels of uremic toxins and to improve

glomercular filtration and blood flow to the kidneys

(Yokozawa et. al. 1991)

In rats with diabetic nephropathy showed that this extract

speeded nitrogen excretion and alleviated hyper lipidemia

(Yokozawa et. al. 1997)

Several clinical trials in China


Findings – effect on symptoms blood urea nitrogen serum

creatinine levels in chronic renal failure patients

(Yarnell E. 2000)


Lespedeza capitata

Lespedeza capitata

Chemicals:

Flavonoids

Procyanidins

Pentacosane

n-hexacosane

n-hentriacontane

n-tritriacontane

Lespedeza capitata

Preliminary clinical trials in patients with renal failure of

various types suggest that extracts reduce azotemia uremia

and cholesterol

Procyanidins inhibited angiotension: converting enzyme

(Wagner & Elbl. 1992)

Phytoingredients to relieve the symptoms of benign

prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Phytosterols

Terpenoids

Lectins

Plant oils

Phytoestrogens

Flavonoids

Polysaccharides

Aliphatic alcohols

Fatty acids

(Lowe et. al. 1998)

Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata


(Saw palmetto) fruit

Used in the treatment of genitourinary tract disturbances

since 1899

It increases the function of the testicles and relieves

irritation in mucous membranes of genitourinary tract and

prostate (D’elos et. al. 1994)



Compounds: Carpic, Captylic, Lauric, Cis-linoleic, Myristic,

Palmitic and Stearic acid

Steroids: Beta-sitosterol, Campestrol, Cycloartenol, Lupeol,

Lupenone, Stigmasterol



Aliphatic alcohols, polyprenic compounds (Arabinose,

flavonoids, galactose, uronic acid, antranilic acid,

carotenes, lipase and tannins

(Van Coppenolle et. al. 2000)



Liposterolic extract of Serenoa repens showed:

Anti-androgenic

Anti-estrogenic

Anti-inflammatory effects

(Lowe & Fagelman 1999)

Pygeum africanum

Pygeum africanum

Bark extract (Tadenan®) is widely used in France and

throughout Europe

Other formulations like prostate are available in health

food and nutrition shops in US (Lowe and Fagelman 1999)

Pygeum africanum

Bark contains waxes, triterpenes, fatty acids and their

esters and ferulic acid

Known to be anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous (Miller

1996)

Effects of Pygeum extracts

Reduction in Nocturia

Improve peak flow rate

Decrease residual urine and symptoms

Inhibit androgen stimulation

Effects of Pygeum extracts

Suppresses prostatic growth factors

Inflammation & cholesterol accumulation (McClure 2002)

Urtica dioica

Urtica dioica

Root extracts widely used in Germany 16 different

preparations available

Major components:

Phenols

Lignans

Sterols

Polysaccharides

Lectins

Triterpene acids

Utrica dioica Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase and aromatase activity

(McQueen & Shields 2001)

Extracts evaluated numerous multi-center open label and

double-blind studies

Significant improvement in peak flow rate & residual

urinary volumes (Wagner et. al. 1994)

Curcubita pepo

Curcubita pepo

Pumpkin seed oil for treating BPH kidney inflammation

since 19th century

Extracts have anti-androgenic, anti-inflammatory effects

(Steenkamp 2003)

Chemical: Phytosterols, Selen, Magnesium, Carotenoid

Hypoxis rooperi

Hypoxis rooperi

(Harzol®) – extract of African star grass used in Germany

Product contain > 70% Beta sitosterol dry weight (Lowe

et. al. 1998)

Effects: anti-inflammatory, stimulating

Improved peak flow rate, residual urine volume (Dreikorn

2002)

Secale cereale

Secale cereale

(Cernilton®) Rye grass pollen reported to be effective in

symptoms of BPH

Experimental studies suggest that the product contains:

anti-inflammatory, inhibiting 5-ɑ-reductase activity

Secale cereale

No significant adverse effect

It lowers urethral pressure, relax external muscles,

decrease swelling in prostate

Opuntia ficus-indica

Opuntia ficus-indica Cactus flower extract for treatment of Prostatic

hypertrophy

…. British Herbal pharmacopoeia

Anti-oxidant activity

Inhibits reductase, aromatase activity (Jonas et. al. 1998)

Epilobium sp.

Epilobium sp.

Historically used to treat prostate disorders, cancer,

hypertrophy, prostatis, gastro-intestinal disorders

Active compound – Oenotheis B

Lepidium latifolium

Lepidium latifolium This plant used as anti-escrobte stomach tonic, aperitif

and diuretic

Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant

Steroid activity and inhibition of aromatase due to

presence of flavonoids

(Martinez caballero et. al. 2004)

Botanical derivatives

for

Prostate cancer

Camellia sinensis

Camellia sinensis (Green tea)

Effective compound: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (Eaca)

Prevent the initiation, promotion and progression of

Prostate cancer

Camellia sinensis (Green tea)

Inhibit cell proliferation, decrease contact of carcinogenic

with cells, blocking cancer initiation, slowing cancer

progression

Prevent DNA strand breaks (Liao et. al. 1995, Ahmad 1997)

Silybum marianum

Silybum marianum (Milk thistle)

Seeds contain Silymarin inhibit prostate tumour growth in

animal models

In lab, Silibinin prevents cancer initiation, promotion,

progression by altering signalling mols. & adaptor factor

receptor (Zi et. al. 1998)

Curcuma longa

Curcuma longa

“Curcumin” major active anti-oxidant component

Effects: Inhibition of prostate cancer cell growth

Induction of apoptosis (McClure 2002)

Allium sativum

Allium sativum Garlic diminishes LNcap cell growth on human prostate

carcinoma (Pinto et. al. 1997)

Active compound: S-allylmercaptocysteine

Decrease prostate: specific antigen (PSA)

Secretions & decreasing trophic effects (Steenkamp 2003)

Thank You!!

“BE WITH US”

Health & Medicine

UTI - III