Urea Poisoning

• Common Fertilizer

• Easily available

• Available at subsidized rates to farmers

Urea Poisoning

Urea Poisoning

• Chemical Formula CH4N2O

• Diamide of carbonic acid

• White crystalline powder&odorless

• Easily soluble in water

• Liberates ammonia odor

Urea Poisoning

• Poachers use urea to kill wild animals

• Intake increases bld urea& ammonia level

• Toxic dose-100gms in cattle -10-

25gms in goats

• Blood ammonia nitrogen level reaches

0.84mg-1.3mg%

• Rumen content-780mg/100ml

Urea Poisoning-Symptoms

• Ammonia gas & strong soln of ammonia act as

CAUSTIC ALKALI

• Severe Colic

• Staggering gait

• Shivering

• Forced rapid breathing

• Marked Jugular Pulse

• Death after violent struggling & bellowing

Urea Poisoning-PM findings

•Mm. Of stomach & intestine– Hemorrhagic patches,

Ulceration & Oedema

•Liver— Enlarged, Pale & Friable

•Skin-- Blood spots[ Pin

Point]

•Heart , Thymus & Lungs--- General passive

congestion &

hyperemia.

•Kidney--- Cloudy swelling &

Necrotic foci

Photographs Of Gaur died of UREA POISONING

Urea Poisoning-Diagnosis&Lab test

• Examine stomach content

• Ph of water-7.0&urea-7.2(i.e alkaline)

• If pH of water is above 7 means, water is alkaline in nature & it is below 7, water is acidic

• Ph paper test of ruminal fluid

• Chemical Test- Heat 5ml water sample, NH3gas liberates & liquid turns turbid-allow it to cool. Add 10ml of water, 1ml 10%NaOH & 0.5ml CuSO4- Reddish violet colour develops

• 1ml sample+1mlHNO3- WHITE CRYST.ppt

Urea Poisoning-Treatment

• ½-1gallon 5%acetic acid(vinegar)

• CNS Depressant-Ergotamines,Barbiturates

• I/V Glucose or Cal borogluconate