Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Malaria
Is a tropical disease caused bydifferent strains of dengue viruswhich are transmitted by mosquitoesby the genus aedes
Dengue virus
Mosquito AedesAegypti
4 – 6 days ( minimum 3 days)
1. Infected persons
2. Stagnant water
Bite of infective aedesaegypti
1. Water stored within household or standing water in premises
2. High human population density
A. Age
B. Sex
C. Season
D. Geographical
Fever accompanied by non specific constitutional symptoms
Positive tourniquet test
Spontaneous bleeding
Gum Bleeding
nose bleeding
GI bleeding
Cold clammy skin
Reapid weak pulse
Pulse pressure of 20mmm/hg and below
Grade II + Circulatory failure
Grade III + shock
Blood Test
Platelet Count
SHOCK
Thrombocytopenia
Hepatomegaly
Presumptive Test
Tourniquet test
Control of mosquito vector
Environmental sanitation
Storage of water
Change the water of the flower vaseeveryday
Vaccine against types of dengue virus isin progress
Symptomatic and supportive
Effective replacement of plasma , fluidand electrolyte solution
Oral fluid and electrolyte
Hematocrit determination
Hemoglobin Determination
Close surveillance
Symptomatic and supportive
Effective replacement of plasma , fluidand electrolyte solution
Monitoring patients condition
Initially when HCT has increasedby 20% or has kept on rising
Blood Pressure Every 24 hrs. Every hours if hypotension sets In every 30 minutes or more often
HCT Every 24 hrs. Repeat after 6 hrs.if still high or going up every 2 hrs.
Platelet countHemoglobin
Every 24 hrs. On admission
Every 6 hrs. If HCt falls after the initial rise or if bleeding occurs,repeat as necessary
Grade I and II good
Grade III , guarded
Grade IV, serious (mortality rate very high)
Isolation of the Patient recommended
1. Bed rest
2. Care of the mouth
3. Prevention and control of bleeding
Ice compress for bleeding do nothyperextend the neck
Ice compress may be placed on thebridge of the nose
Avoid forceful blowing of the nose
Do not pick the nose
1. Bed rest
2. Care of the mouth
3. Prevention and control of bleeding
Give ice chips
Use of soft bristled brush
1. Bed rest
2. Care of the mouth
3. Prevention and control of bleeding
NPO
Platelet transfusion
Avoid eating dark colored foods
MALARIA KING OF TROPICAL
DISEASES , AGUE
Is a specific infectious diseaseproduced by anyone of four protozoanparasites which is transmitted to aman by the bite of the mosquito
1. Plasmodium Vivax
2. Plasmodium Malariae
3. Plasmodim Falciparum
4. Plasmodium Ovale
Protozoa Plasmodia
Female mosquito (anopheles mosquito)
Bite of infected female anopheles mosquito
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Severe chilly sensation as manifested by severe shaking tremors of the body
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Fever
Diaphoretic stage profuse sweating
4 Aminoquinolines (Chloroquine,amosiaquine, Quanine)
Chloroquine – infection due to sensitivestrains of P. Falciparum, Vivax, Ovale
Primaquine
Malarial Smear
Giving of anti malarial drugs
Use of Mosquito Nets
Spraying of insecticides
Screening of windows and doors
Use of skin repellents
Use of electronic mosquito repellent
