TRYPANOSOMA

PRESENTED BY:

Manish Gautam (Roll no 15)

B.V.Sc & AH

IAAS, Paklihawa

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Classification

Phylum: Sarcomastigophora (with flagella, pseudopodia or both)

Class: Zoomastigophorea( chromatophores absent, 1 to many flagella)

Order: Kinetoplastida (1-4 flagella, kinetophore present)

Family: Trypanosomatidae (leaf like, may be rounded)

Genus: Trypanosoma

Species: lewisi, theileri, avium, cruzi

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• Occurs in vertebrates, mainly in blood and tissue fluid

• Disease caused by it is called ‘trypanosomosis’,sleeping sickness

• It is usually transmitted by insect vector

• Usually 20mm long and slender

• Generally C or U shaped

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Have various morphological formsAmastigote:present within cells, vertebrates

generally round, central nucleus

Flagellum nearly unapparent

Promastigote:Present in invertebrate

Leaf like elongated

Flagellum +nt, undulating membrane –nt

Nucleus located middly

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Epimastigote:Present in invertebrate

Leaf like elongated

Falgellum +nt, undulating membrane-small

Nucleus located posteriorly

Trypomastigote:Present in vertebrate

Leaf like elongated

flagellum, undulating membrane well developed

Nucleus located middly

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Life cycle

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Pathogenesis & symptoms• Bite of insect or fly causes small papillae formation in skin

• Multiplication of Trypanosoma in blood causes:

pyrexia

progressive anaemia

paleness of visible mucous membrane

oedema of dependent part

emaciation

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Changes in blood:

decrease in Hb and RBC by 25%, decrease in pH(5.5), decrease in K

Changes in the nervous system:

encephalomeningitis

Postmortem changes:

enlargement of spleen, liver, lymph gland

congested bone marrow

gelatinous infiltration of the subcutaneous tissue

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Diagnosis:Microscopic: blood, serous fluid, CSF

Animal inoculation

Culture

Serological test

Treatment:Naganol @1-2mg/100kg b.wt IV

Antrycide methyl sulfate @5mg/kg b.wt SC

Antimosan @3mg/kg b.wt SC

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