Upload
ukactive
View
1.345
Download
3
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
1
MOTIVATION, WELLBEING AND THE HAPPINESS ECONOMY
How the industry might take advantage of the wellbeing movement
Wellbeing • What it is?
• Why seek it?
What’s happening to it?• What’s happening to it?
• How is it measured?
• How can it be improved?
The fitness industry• Always changing
d d l• Needs a new model
• The local ‘Wellbeing Centre’
2
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
• Medical Doctor
Dr Tim
• Taught on ACSM special pops• Helped develop:
– NHS clinical exercise unit– Peckham Pulse and HLC’s– Boots Wellbeing Centre
• LGM for DH• Wellbeing advisors for Nuffield and BUPA• Working with NCSIg• Pole vaulted for GB• Gladiators Contender
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
“A positive physical, social and mental state”
Requiring
• basic needs are met• a sense of purpose• feeling able to achieve important personal goals• feeling able to participate in society”feeling able to participate in society
DEFRA (2010)
3
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
“a dynamic state”in which the individual is able to....in which the individual is able to....
• develop their potential• work productively and creatively• build strong and positive relationships• contribute to their community
Foresight Review (2008) and NEF
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
What do most people want?
• Happiness• Wellbeing g• Success• Resilience• Meaning and
purpose• Years to live
• Stress• Heartache• Heartache• Ill-health• Weight
4
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
The ‘Summum Bonum’ The Prime Good
happiness
Car
House
Sex
Money
Job
Kids
Work Travel
Drugs
Fitness
attractiveness
Food Wine Marriage
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
What is happiness?
Is it the same as pleasure ?Is it the same as pleasure ?
How long does it last ?
Do some people have more than others?
Does your level vary over time?time?
5
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Negative Psychology
Most psychology research since the war has focused on the negative – what’s wrong with people:
depression, anxiety, criminality, alcoholism, OCD, eating disorders, personality disorders, suicide, anger etcanger, etc
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Topic number
anger 9,760
Topic number
joy 1,021
Topics in psychology journal articles
1887 to 2001
g ,anxiety 65,531 depression 79,154 fear 20,868 treatment 207,110
j y ,life satisfaction 4,129 happiness 3,522 courage 781 prevention 31,019
17 : 117 : 1
6
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
800
Articles
Psych Abstracts citations for:
- Well-Being- Life Satisfaction- Happiness
200
400
600pp
082
Psychological abstracts year
84 85 86 87 88 8978 79 80 81 83
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
The Science of Wellbeing“The field of Psychology has, since World
War 2, become a science and practice of healing. It concentrates on repairing g p gdamage within a disease model of human functioning
“I proposed changing the focus of the science and the profession from repairing the worst things in life to understanding and building th liti th t k lif th li i
Martin Seligmand f 998the qualities that make life worth living. President of APA in year 1998
“I call this new orientation “Positive Psychology.”
7
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
The concerns of Positive Psychology• Positive emotional states• Lives that go well• Optimal human functioning• Human thriving and
flourishing• Human strengths and
resilienceresilience• Institutions which foster
and enable the above
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
So…
What have we discovered so far?
8
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Nuns Diaries Nuns entering a convent in 1932 wrote
short personal life sketchesshort personal life sketches
Researchers read these stories and classified the Nuns according to how cheerful they were
They then looked at which nuns had died, and which were still living
90% f “ t h f l” li t 85 90% of “most cheerful” alive at 85 compared to 34% of “least cheerful”
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Smiles• Researchers looked at the Researchers looked at the
type of smile people wore in college photos from 1960
• Some had true smiles, some had “false”smiles
9
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
• Women contacted at age 27, 43 and 52.
Smiles• Genuine smilers were more
likely to:• Have high levels of well-
being• Be and stay married“good looks” had nothing to do • “good looks” had nothing to do with good marriage or life satisfaction
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Immune Function• Positive emotions boost
immune function immune function. • One study showed that
people that reported more frequent positive emotions were at less risk for developing the common cold
10
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Heart Disease• A 10-year study of
1 306 h d h 1,306 men showed that Optimism reduced the risk of cardiac events by 50%.
• The same as the difference between
k d smokers and non-smokers.
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Surgical recovery Study of people having
cardiac surgery (bypass cardiac surgery (bypass grafting)
Optimists recovered better Optimist were less likely
to be re-admitted with Chest wall Infections Angina Angina Heart Attacks
11
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Survival • 10 year follow-up y p
study of older people• Those experiencing
fewer positive emotions were more likely to die over the 10 year period. y p
Happiness is good for you
• Happy people tend to:– Have better health– Have stronger immune systems– Live longer– Be more successful– Have more rewarding relationshipsHave more rewarding relationships– Cope better with stress and loss
12
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Your happiness benefits others
• Happy people tend to be:– More kind and helpfulMore kind and helpful– More fun to be with– Less selfish– More co-operative
• Happy work teams are– more creative
mo e p od cti e and – more productive and – less costly
13
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
What’s happening to wellbeing?
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
The Easterlin ParadoxUSA: 1946-1989
Peoples real income has gone up in manyup in many nations over the last 40 years
Yet levels of happiness seem
income
h i
Source: Diener et al 1999
to have stayed the same
happiness
14
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Question: Taken all together, how would you say things are these days, would you say that you are very happy, pretty happy, or not too happy?
Source:Source:General Social Survey 1972-2004
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
GPD
USA
France
20 year trends
Life satisfactionFrance
Japan
15
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Alcohol Problems• Growing number
of alcohol related deaths
• Huge increases in binge drinking
• Over 1 million children affected by parentalby parental alcohol problems (Strategy Unit, 2004).
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Debt
16
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Depression• Becoming more common• 3rd leading cause of lost years of
“Quality of Life” • ranking above cancers, stroke,
diabetes, and obstructive lung disease
• Predicted by World Health Organisation to be the leading burden of disease in developed nations by 2020
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Why, despite real increases in income and wealth over the last income and wealth over the last 40 years, are we seeing rises in various forms of unhappiness –including obesity, drug use and depression?p
17
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
How measured?
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
18
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
3 components:
1. Frequent pleasant
Subjective Wellbeing
q pEmotions
2. Infrequent unpleasant Emotions
3. Good Satisfaction with Life
• Overall
• Different aspects
Pleasant emotions
• Contentment• Happiness• Hope
Unpleasant emotions
• Sadness• Worry• Anger
Satisfaction with Life
• Overall • Health• Appearance Different aspectsHope
• Joy• Love• Friendship• Curiosity• etc
Anger• Hate• Shame• Guilt• Stress
Appearance• Love life• Work• Neighbourhood• Meaning
19
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Where does happiness come from?
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Genes Studies of families and
twins who have been “adopted away” (and adopted away (and grow up in different environments) suggest that our genes contribute about 50% of our happiness levels happiness levels
20
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Circumstances• Make a difference• Not as much as people Not as much as people
think• Where we live, our
age, our sex, etc only contribute perhaps 10-15% towards our happiness levels
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
choices
A big chunk of our happiness A big chunk of our happiness (~35%) is determined by our:BehaviourAttitudes Thinking patternsThinking patterns
21
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Where does SWB come from?
Set point50%
Circumstances10-15%
Choices, activities and behaviours
35-40%
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
The Happiness Formula
H = S + C + V
Set pointVolition
Things weCircumstances
Things we choose to do
22
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Vicious and virtuous circles Downward and upward spirals
Wellbeing and Performance
levelhappiness
healthoptimism
success
More positive relationships
• Lose job• Start drinking• Relationship break upp p• Become angry• Problems with law• Lose house• etc
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
How to Flourish?
23
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Making Slough H
Do these for two months and see the difference they make!
1. Get physicalExercise for half an hour three times a week
2. Count your blessings
Happyy g
At the end of each day, reflect on at least five things you’re grateful for
3. Talk timeHave an hour-long uninterrupted conversation with your partner or closest friend each week
4. Plant somethingEven if its a window box or pot plant. Keep it alive!
5. Cut your TV viewing by half
6. Smile at and/or say hello to a stranger At least once each day
7 Ph f i d7. Phone a friendMake contact with at least one friend or relation you have not been in contact for a while and arrange to meet up
8. Have a good laugh at least once a day
9. Every day make sure you give yourself a treatTake time to really enjoy this
10. Daily kindnessDo an extra good turn for someone each day
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Dr Tim’s top 20 tips protecting and improving wellbeing
• Discover and use your strengths • Live in harmony with your values• Notice good things
• Cultivate gratitude
• Build friendships
• Increase contact with nature
• Become more active
• Make progress towards valued goals
• Reduce unhelpful thinking
• Learn to be
• Get involved
• Acts of kindness
• Savouring
• Watch less TV• Experience more “flow”
• Stop rating yourself
• Cultivate forgiveness and let go of grudges
• Reduce materialism
• Develop resilience
• Seek help
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
24
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
What does this meanWhat does this mean for the sector ?
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
25
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
The future of fitness…
Is not fitness
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
GP?
Counselling?
12%?
LTC?14m
Poor wellbeing?
20m
g
Education sector?
Motivational seminar?
Religion?
New age?
Person seeking more wellbeing g
Life coach?
Community wellbeing Centre?
26
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
• Health coaches• Wellbeing coaches
WellbeingCentre ?
Gym
• Classes• Programmes• Advice• Activities• Referrals
g• Wellbeing programmes• On-line support• Skills development
Health Club
• Classes• Programmes• Advice• Activities• Referrals
• Instructor• Kit• Changing
• Instructor• Kit• Changing
• Instructor• Kit• Changing
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
27
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Health and wellbeing coach?
Fitness instructor
• Fitness assessment• Gym inductions
C t
• Assesses health and wellbeing• Identifies strengths• Clarifies values• Coaches and guides• Empowers and activates• Collaborates and informs• Builds self-efficacy
wellbeing coach?
• Creates programmes• Reviews progress• Walks floor• Takes classes
• Builds self-efficacy• Cognitive-behavioural skills training• Positive psychology exercises• Tracks progress• Telehealth coaching and e-wellbeing support
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Its been tried before…..
28
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
“the health doctor, just like the sickness doctor, needs
The “instruments of health”1936
tools, but they are of a very different kind - the gymnasium, the swimming pool, the cafeteria and so on. It is natural that the instruments of health should be varied because health covers a very wide field and includes physical, medical, social and even
economic life..”
Lucy Crocker Biologist and “curator of the instruments of health”.
Pioneer Centre Annual Report 1936.
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
The Peckham Experiment
• Family oriented facility
• Established before the war by two physicians in South London
• Believed proper social • Believed proper social and physical environments were key to a persons long-term health
• Saw themselves as biologists trying to: biologists, trying to:
“create the right conditions for health to emerge”
29
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Conclusions....• Millions lack wellbeing and aren’t sure where to find it• The NHS may not be the best place to goy p g• The fitness industry could be....• This will need:
– New eyes– New mindsets– New skills– Leadership
The UK could evolve the world’s first
National Health and Wellbeing System
(c) Dr tim anstiss 2011
Thank you
Dr Tim Anstiss
www.academyforhealthcoaching.co.uky g
07973 255946