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PACING THE HEART: IMPACT OF PACEMAKERS ON THE SOCIETY The BioBusiness Revolution: Healthcare and the Biomedical Sciences: Past, Present, Future Teo Te Wei G13

Teo Te Wei

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Page 1: Teo Te Wei

PACING THE HEART:IMPACT OF PACEMAKERS ON THE SOCIETY

The BioBusiness Revolution: Healthcare and the Biomedical Sciences: Past, Present, FutureTeo Te Wei

G13

Page 2: Teo Te Wei

BACKGROUND In the past, no cure for

immediate heart stoppage

Heart Failure

Mortality rate was high

Page 3: Teo Te Wei

HOW TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM? To create a prosthetic device

that would permanently manage a heart in complete block

Pacemaker

Page 4: Teo Te Wei

WHAT IS PACEMAKER? Device that consists of a pulse

generator, electrodes and a leadPacemaker

Pulse Generator

Lead

Electrodes

Page 5: Teo Te Wei

WHAT IS PACEMAKER?

Delivers electrical impulses to the heart so as to regulate the heartbeat

Page 6: Teo Te Wei

TIMELINE

External Pacing

Internal Pacing – Implant

Qualified as a

major surgery Externall

y Programm-able Pacer

Stabilized Pacing

Users exceed 150,000

500,000-600,000

users

110,000 annual

implants

1950s

1960s

1970s

1975 1990s

Page 7: Teo Te Wei

ADVANTAGES Kept patients alive in complete

heart block

Enabled many of them to enjoy moderately active lives

The doctor could noninvasively and repeatedly alter pacing device

Page 8: Teo Te Wei

DRAWBACKS Battery of the internal

pacemaker may run low

Require further surgical procedures

Page 9: Teo Te Wei

KEY TAKEAWAY POINTS Pacemaker brought about a lot

of advantages in the medical history and saved a lot of lives

Pacemaker was constantly refined to suit to new heart diseases

Prolonged mortality rate

Page 10: Teo Te Wei

RATING 5/5

Displayed the evolution of heart pacing and the impact on the lives of people

Covered both advantages and drawbacks of the pacemakers

Page 11: Teo Te Wei

ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION Do you think that the battery of

the pacemaker will be able to operate indefinitely in the future?

Will mankind be over-reliant on technology and implanting a pacemaker even when not required or as a preventive measure of heart attacks?

Page 12: Teo Te Wei

THE END

‘The best and most beautiful

things in the world cannot be seen

or even touched - they must be

felt with the heart’ - Helen Keller

Page 13: Teo Te Wei

REFERENCES Pacing the Heart: Growth and

Redefinition of a Medical Technology, 1952-1975, Kirk Jeffrey, Technology and Culture, Vol. 36, No. 3 (Jul 1995), pp. 583-624