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Sweeteners are naturally found in plants due to photosynthetic processes. Various plants naturally synthesize sugar which is much sweeter than sugar that we eat (artificially processed) Discover an array of plants that can be good alternative for patients having diabetes
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Plant derived Sweeteners
New & Emerging opportunities
(Sweeteners: Part – I)
Presented by Dr. Sudhakar KokateDirector PPRC, India
Introduction
Sweet taste …. Interest to humankind long
before written history
Understanding of sweet taste still very
elementary
Ideal substitute for sucrose has yet to
discover, matching sweet taste
PPRC/INDIA 01
Introduction
Unknown complex mechanism
Sweetness: interaction of population of
stimulant molecules with a receptor
Sweet substances found in all classes of
chemicals
Conventional sweetener: sugar or sucrose
an article of human foodPPRC/INDIA 02
PPRC/INDIA 03
World production of Cane sugar and Sugar beet
PPRC/INDIA 04
Sugar
High density food
Nature conventional sweeteners
Prime source of energy in diet
It furnishes 394 kcal/kg to maintain body
temperature and activity
Sugar: rapidly absorbed
PPRC/INDIA 05
Sugar
Sucrose hydrolysed to glucose and
fructose
Class of chemically related sweet
flavoured substances
Most of them are used as foods
100 gms – 394 cals
Organic compoundPPRC/INDIA 06
Sugar
Made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Sugars are found in the plant tissues
Main rich sources: Cane sugar, Sugarbeet
Sugar production: >200 million tonnes in
the world in 2013
Average person consumption: 24 kgs /
yearPPRC/INDIA 07
Cane Sugar
PPRC/INDIA 08
Sugar Beet
PPRC/INDIA 09
Sugar
Scientifically referred to as
monosaccharide and disaccharide
Through photosynthesis, plants produce
glucose and convert it for energy as an
emergency reserve in the form of
carbohydrate such as starch
PPRC/INDIA 10
Sugar production in Globe in 2011-2012
COUNTRY SUGAR PRODUCTION (1000 MT.)
Brazil 35,750
India 28,300
Europe 16,740
China 11,840
Thailand 10,170
USA 7,153
Mexico 5,650
Russia 4,800
Pakistan 4,220
Australia 4,150
Other 3,947
Total 168,247
PP
RC
/IND
IA 11
Form & use of sugar
FORM USE
Granulated• To sprinkle on food, hot drinks, cooked foods
• As preservative to prevent micro-organisms
Milled• Icing sugar
• For dusting food baking confectionary
Screened
• Crystalline form
• To decorate table sugars
• For blending in dry mixes & baking confectionary
PP
RC
/IND
IA 12
Form & use of sugar
FORM USE
Brown In baking goods confectionary & toffees
Sugar cubes To sweeten drinks
Liquid sugar In beverages, ice-creams, jam
Syrups In baked goods, confectionary, toffee
PP
RC
/IND
IA 13
Health effects
Blood glucose levels
Obesity
Cardiovascular diseases
Alzheimer’s disease
Macular degeneration
Tooth decay
PPRC/INDIA 14
Blood glucose levels
PPRC/INDIA 15
Complications of high
Blood glucose levels
PPRC/INDIA 16
Obesity
PPRC/INDIA 17
Medical complications of Obesity
PPRC/INDIA 18
Cardiovascular diseases
PPRC/INDIA 19
Alzheimer’s disease
PPRC/INDIA 20
Macular degeneration
PPRC/INDIA 21
Tooth decay
PPRC/INDIA 22
Stages of Tooth decay
PPRC/INDIA 23
Research findings about SUGAR
New MRI research reveals cancer cells
thrive on processed sugar
Excess sugar & refined carbohydrates
found to significantly increase risk of
heart failure
Studies link sugary drink consumption to
heart diseasePPRC/INDIA 24
R & D about SUGAR
Consumption of carbonated soft drinks
significantly increase risk of stroke
Sugar is main cause of Type II Diabetes
Sugar sweetened drinks cause high blood
pressure
Added sugars linked to risks of heart disease
in teenagersPPRC/INDIA 25
Thank You!!
“BE WITH US”