Skin Infections Skin Infections and Diseasesand Diseases

- Gaby Martinez- Gaby Martinez

So what will you be looking So what will you be looking for?for?

Physical assessment:Physical assessment:a) inspectiona) inspectionb) palpationb) palpationc) percussionc) percussiond) auscultationd) auscultation

ObserveObserve size, shape, color of the size, shape, color of the lesions, and …yes…check the odorlesions, and …yes…check the odor

Scabies and Tinea VersicolorScabies and Tinea Versicolor

ScabiesScabies

Female mites burrows Female mites burrows into the skin where she into the skin where she lays eggslays eggs

Skin-skin contactSkin-skin contact Clothing, bedding, Clothing, bedding,

towelstowels Inflamatory elevation of Inflamatory elevation of

the skin (red papules)the skin (red papules)

ScabiesScabies

S/SS/S

- intense itching- intense itching

- skin rashes- skin rashes

- produces allergic reaction - produces allergic reaction (eggs)(eggs)

- scratching may cause - scratching may cause secondary infectionsecondary infection

TxTx

- Topical medications all over the - Topical medications all over the bodybody

Tinea VersicolorTinea Versicolor

Skin infection Skin infection causedcaused

by a yeastby a yeast Warm and humid Warm and humid

environmentenvironment

Tinea VersicolorTinea Versicolor

S/SS/S

- oval or irregularly shaped - oval or irregularly shaped spotsspots

- pale, dark tan, or pink in color- pale, dark tan, or pink in color

- sharp border- sharp border

- itching, worsens with heating - itching, worsens with heating and sweatingand sweating

TxTx

- Topical antifungal medications- Topical antifungal medications

RingwormRingworm

RingwormRingworm

Fungal infection…not a Fungal infection…not a worm!worm!

Skin-skin contactSkin-skin contact Ring-shaped, scaly itching Ring-shaped, scaly itching

patches on the skinpatches on the skin

RingwormRingworm S/SS/S

- red raised itchy - red raised itchy patches with defined patches with defined edges, lighter in the edges, lighter in the centercenter- take an - take an appearance of a ringappearance of a ring

TxTx- topical antifungal - topical antifungal drugsdrugs

ImpetigoImpetigo

ImpetigoImpetigo

Superficial skin infectionSuperficial skin infection Bacterial…Bacterial…

staphylococcus or staphylococcus or streptococcusstreptococcus

Spread w/ direct contact Spread w/ direct contact w/ lesionsw/ lesions

Thick, yellow crust Thick, yellow crust (commonly on the face)(commonly on the face)

ImpetigoImpetigo

S/SS/S

- one or more pimple-like - one or more pimple-like lesions surrounded by lesions surrounded by reddened skinreddened skin

- lesions fill w/ pus and - lesions fill w/ pus and later form a thick crustlater form a thick crust

- itching- itching TxTx

- Topical or oral ABX- Topical or oral ABX

Diabetic ulcers (this one is Diabetic ulcers (this one is necrotic tissue)necrotic tissue)

Diabetic UlcersDiabetic Ulcers

Sores on feet, especially Sores on feet, especially on diabetic patientson diabetic patients

Why?Why? Where? Where?

- areas subjected to - areas subjected to weight bearingweight bearing

- heel- heel

- tips of most prominent - tips of most prominent toestoes

Diabetic UlcersDiabetic Ulcers S/SS/S

- painful, red sore on foot- painful, red sore on foot- pus when infected- pus when infected- foul-smelling discharge- foul-smelling discharge

TxTx- sterile cleaning, dressings- sterile cleaning, dressings- refer to diabetic - refer to diabetic specialist/surgeon for specialist/surgeon for debridement or amputationdebridement or amputation

Infected WoundsInfected Wounds

Infected WoundsInfected Wounds

Wound: break in Wound: break in the structure the structure caused by an caused by an external agentexternal agent

Chronic open sores Chronic open sores become infectedbecome infected

Infected WoundsInfected Wounds

S/SS/S- swelling- swelling- pain- pain- fever w/ infection- fever w/ infection- bleeding or pus- bleeding or pus- foul smell- foul smell

TxTx- sterile cleaning- sterile cleaning- ABX and pain killers- ABX and pain killers

EdemaEdema

Peripheral Edema Peripheral Edema

Excessive accumulation of Excessive accumulation of lymph fluid, causing lymph fluid, causing tissues to swell and tissues to swell and expandexpand

Body retains too much saltBody retains too much salt Heart, liver, kidney, Heart, liver, kidney,

pregnant women, varicose pregnant women, varicose veinsveins

EdemaEdema

S/SS/S

- muscle ache, pain, swelling, positive - muscle ache, pain, swelling, positive indentation of skin following pressureindentation of skin following pressure

TxTx

- diuretics- diuretics

Hookworm? Traveling Hookworm? Traveling parasiteparasite

HookwormHookworm

Cutaneous larva migransCutaneous larva migrans Parasitic larvae found in Parasitic larvae found in

dog and cat feces dog and cat feces penetrate the outer layers penetrate the outer layers of the skin and creep of the skin and creep around underneath the around underneath the skinskin

HookwormHookworm

S/SS/S- red itching eruption- red itching eruption- serpentine track - serpentine track - painful- painful

TxTx- Albendazole- Albendazole

Other interesting stories…Other interesting stories…

Leishmaniasis

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