DR. ASHOK SHARMAD.H.M.S. N.H.M.C.H. DLI M.D.(HOM)

CHIEF MEDICAL OFFICER

VIVEK VIHAR DISPENSARY

VIVEK VIHAR B – BLOCK DELHI - 95

DIRECTORATE OF I.S.M AND HOMOEOPATHY

G.N.C.T DELHI

E-MAIL: homoeodrashok@gmail.com

30.011.2013

LEARNING IS A PECULIAR “

TREE” ON WHICH GROWS

THE “FRUIT” KNOWN AS –

EDUCATION.

Knowledge is like a field and action is the sowing of seeds. So the conclusion is that while knowledge is limitless and transcends the flight of human thought, we should pick up the knowledge pertaining to our immediate needs and apply it into practice for , to derive full benefit.

RELATIONSHIP BEWEEN SOMA AND PSYCHE.

WHAT ARE PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS.

HOW THEY ARE CLASSIFIED.

WHAT ARE THEIR CAUSES.

THEIR UNDERSTANDING FROM HOMOEOPATHIC POINT OF VIEW.

WHAT IS PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE

REFERENCES IN REPERTORY AND MAT.MED.

CASES.

Psychologically will is linked to

intentionality. Will has been

described as the mental agency

that transforms awareness and

knowledge into action, as the

bridge between desire and action.

“The progressive explorations of psychological and pathological science develop intimate bonds of union between mind and body hitherto undiscovered, and not even supposed to exist. The mind and body are inseparable, at least during life; they are mutually dependent for energy; the strength of the one is the power of the other; the weakness of one is the impotence of the other.”

Dr.Garth Wilkinson

Psychosomatic illness is any physical dysfunction

where the primary cause is emotional. All illnesses

can be psychosomatic because the body reflects our

mental, emotional and spiritual health.

The term psychosomatic refers to the connection between body and mind. Therefore a psychosomatic illness refers to a physical dysfunction that is primarily caused by some form of emotional and mental stress.

Traditionally , the medical profession has been

concerned with physical illness and has

concentrated research efforts on understanding the

organic factors in disease.

In psychopathology, on the other hand, interest has

centered primarily on uncovering the

psychological and emotional factors that led to the

development of mental disorders.

The interdisciplinary approach to all disorders-

which fits relevant biological, psychosocial, and

sociocultural data into a coherent picture- is

referred to as the psychosomatic approach.

Arousal of the negative emotions in

response to stress situation- nature of stress

and individual’s perception.

Failure of these emotions to be dealt with

adequately.

Response stereotype- the damaging effects

of chronic arousal becoming concentrated in

a specific organ.

Psychosphysiologic skin disorders-, etc. neurodermatosis,atopic

dermatitis eczema

Musculoskeletal disorders- backaches, muscular cramps, tension headache.

Respiratory disorders- bronchial asthma, hiccoughs, recurring bronchitis.

Gastrointestinal disorders- peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis, colitis.

Genitourinary disorders- menstrual disturbances etc.

Endocrine disorders- hyperthyroidism, obesity etc.

Organs of special senses- chronic conjunctivitis.

Other types- disturbances in the nervous system in which emotional

factors play a major role – multiple sclerosis.

BIOLOGICAL FACTORS PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS.

. Personality characteristics.

. Inadequate coping patterns.

. Kinds of stress.

. Interpersonal relationship.

SOCIOCULTURAL

FACTORS.

.Genetic .

. Differences in autonomic

activity.

. Somatic weakness.

. Alteration in

corticovisceral control

mechanism.

REACTION EQUATION CONNECTING

VARIOUS LEVELS OF ENERGY IN NATURE

THAT INFLUENCE HUMAN KIND

Function Structure Chemistry

Positive Space/Time

energy

Negative Space/Time

energy.Mind

Spirit Divine

- William A. Tiller

Department of Material Science and

Engineering

Stanford University.

COMPARISON BETWEEN THE

TWO

CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM HOMOEOPATHIC SYSTEM

• Deals directly with chemical

and structural components of

the body .

• It can be classed as an

objective medicine and thus

has much laboratory

evidence.

.

• Deals indirectly with the

chemistry and structure of the

physical body by dealing

directly with the substance

and energy at the next more

subtle level.

• It can be classed as

subjective medicine as it

deals with energy that can

strongly perturbed by the

mental and emotional activity

of the individual.

Three general group of patients-

. With comorbid psychiatric and general medical

illnesses complicating each other.

. With somatoform and functional disorders.

. With psychiatric disorders that are direct

consequence of a primary medical condition

or treatment.

. In OPD practice we witness tremendous diversity of emotional and behavioral responses to illness.

. Clinical experience and research demonstrates that illness variable such as severity, chronicity or organ system involvement cannot predict an individual’s response to any given medical illness.

. Rather, it is in the realm of the individual’s subjective experience of an illness that can begin to understand his or her emotional and behavioral responses.

. Concepts of stress.

. Personality types.

. Coping strategies.. Defense mechanisms.

Theoretical model of stress process

“The dynamic organization within the

individual of those psychophysical systems

that determine his characteristic behavior

and thought.” It sees as an organization

within the individual.

Gordon Allport.

Most patients do not fit into one type but may exhibit

characteristics of a number of personality types.

Personality type is ignored because of the current

emphasis on biological treatment.

Dependent

Obsessional

Histrionic

Masochistic

Paranoid

Narcissistic

Schizoid

Can be defined as “ thoughts and behaviors that the person uses to manage or alter the problem that is causing distress( problem-focused coping) and regulate the emotional response to the problem ( emotion- focused coping).”

Confronting coping

Distancing coping

Self controlling

Seeking social support

Accepting responsibilities

escape avoiding

Planful problem solving

illness as challenge

illness as an enemy

Illness as punishment

illness as weakness

illness as relief

illness as strategy

illness as irreparable loss or damage

illness as value.

Defense mechanisms are automatic processes by

which the mind confronts a threat or conflict

between a wish and the demands of reality or the

dictates of conscience.

ASPECTS OF DEFENSE MECHANISM

. Defenses are generally outside of awareness of the

individual or unconscious.

. Defenses by nature distort inner and outer reality.

. Defense can appear strange or overt to the observer while

going unnoticed by the subject.

. Defense are creative.

. Defenses involve psychological conflict.

. Defense are adaptive and are not at all pathological.

A central task of a physician working with the

medically ill is-

To understand patient’s subjective experiences.

In order to design therapeutic intervention that:

. Modulate the patient’s behavioral and emotional

responses.

. Decrease their distress and

. Improve their medical out comes.

CASES

That there is no royal road to a perfect

understanding of Materia Medica. It is at its worst

a tedious drudgery. It seems and appears to be

very fascinating and yet an exasperating subject.

No other system of therapeutics possesses such a

large number of books on Materia Medica. Each

author has tried to present the drugs as he

understood them. One can only imagine the plight

of a homoeopath.

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K.No (41) Excitement swallows continually

while talking.

• K.No. (51) Grief condition about his.

• K.No. (15) Confusion talking while.

• K.No. (79) Sensitive rudeness to.

• K.No. (55) Indignation bad effects following.

STAPHISGARIA.

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79

18.11.2009

80

18.11.2009

Extravagance- K.No(41)

Excitement- thinking of the things others

have done to displease her. K.No.(40).

Ammonium .Carb.

82

30.12.2009

83

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84

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85

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86

30.12.2009

87

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88

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89

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90

91

04.03.2010

92

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Obstinate – against whatever proposed she had the queerest objection. K.No(69)

Talks- one subject . K.No.(87)

Undertakes- nothing, lest he fails.K.no(91)

Delusions- succeed, that he cannot does everything wrong. K.No.(33)

Fear- undertaking anything. K.No(47)

ARG.NIT.

94

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95

08.05.10

96

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97

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98

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12.02.2011

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112

113

04.03.2010

114

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115

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116

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117

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118

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119

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16.11.2012

21.06.2013

Do not confuse the instrument with

the user of the instrument. The

instrument is the brain; the user

of the instrument is the infinite

Being expressing itself in different

disguises.

Thank You