PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE CHILDHOOD

Topic:

THE CHANGING SENSE OF SELF CONTROL

Self Concept:Children’s evaluation of themselves and their competencies

Self-esteem (Self Worth):How Children rank themselves compared with others.

Competence:Children’s sense of self-esteem; related to athletic competence, peer popularity, physical apperance, and behavior.

Self Control:Restraint exercised over impulses, emotions, or desires

Children and Self-Control

Children and Impulse ControlImpulsivity:

A child’s lack of ability to delay gratification.Transformations:

Children think what they do in different terms.

The Influence of Peers

Peer:Refers to youngsters who are similar in age to other children, usually within 12 months of one another.

Level of social complexity

Several level of social complexity these are following

1. Individual

2. Interaction

3. Relationship

4. Group

Children friendship Friendship: Non familial relationship that offers the feelings of warmth and

support

Social perspective taking: The idea that how child relate to others

Level of social perspective takingLevel Friendship Years

0 Depends on physical closeness. 03-06

1 Depends on someone doing what a child wants or a child does what another wants.

05-09

2 Depends on desirable interactions. A “meeting of the minds.”

07-12

3 Includes mutual interest and sharing. 10-15

4 Depends on open and flexible relationships to satisfy complex needs.

12+

Schools and Middle ChildhoodAre Schools really that important?Schools and DevelopmentSchools, Development and Learning

TELEVISION AND DEVELOPMENT

3 Hours of television per day 1 Hour of computer games 48 minutes of recorded music 44 minutes of reading 39 minutes of radio

How active are children in the process? To what do they attend? How much do they understand? How much do they remember

Television and Cognitive Development

Television and Violence

Children views an estimated 10.000 to 15,000 acts of violence each year.

61% of all shows contain violence, with children’s programming being the most violent.

26% of all violent acts involve the use of guns. Children can learn that violence is acceptable to

resolve conflicts and achieve goals.

Types of Stress:1- Two-Parent Families2- One-Parent Families

3- Multi-Parent Families4- Death, Adoption5- Temporary Separation6- Divorce7- Abuse8- Neglect9- Alcoholism

Stress in Childhood

Why Children react differently in stress

SexAge Temperament

The End