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G00D AFTERNOON
Dr. A. YOGHA PADHMA
1ST YEAR POSTGRADUATE
DEPT OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY
OXIDATION OF FOOD STUFFS AND REDOX POTENTIALS
STAGES OF OXIDATION OF FOOD STUFFS
FIRST STAGE
Digestion –Gastrointestinal tract
Macromolecules
Small units
Example : Proteins Amino acids
PRIMARY METABOLISM
SECOND STAGE
Products of digestion
Absorbed Catabolized
Smaller compounds
Oxidized
Carbon dioxide
Reducing equilvalents
Generated
Mitochondria
[Final common oxidative pathway]
[Citric acid cycle]
NADH and FADH2
SECONDARY / INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM
THIRD STAGE
Reduced equivalents
NADH & FADH2
Electron transport chain/ Respiratory chain
[Energy is released]
TERTIARY METABOLISM /
INTERNAL RESPIRATION
REDOX POTENTILAS
Oxidation reduction potential
Electron transfer potential
Quantitative measure of the tendency of a redox pair to lose or gain electrons
Oxidation – Loss of electrons
Reduction –Gain in electrons
Substance – Exists in reduced & oxidized state – REDOX COUPLE
POSITIVE & NEGATIVE REDOX POTENTIAL
Substance
Low affinity for electrons than hydrogen - NEGATIVE
Higher affinity for electrons than hydrogen - POSITIVE
Strong reducing agent – NADH [ NRP – 0.32 V]Strong oxidising agent – OXYGEN [PRP +0.82 V]
ATP
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE
Adenine
Ribose
Triphosphate moiety
High energy compound – 2 phosphoanhydridebonds –Triphosphate units
ENERGY CURRENCY OF THE CELL
SYNTHESIS OF ATP
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION:
Major source –Aerobic organisms
Linked to mitochondrial ETC
SUBSTRATE LEVEL PHOSPHORYLATION:
Directly synthesized
High energy compounds – Phosphoenolpyruvate & 1,3 bisphosphoglycerates & SuccinylCoA –Transfer high energy phosphate - ATP