Module 2: Anatomy & Diseases

Cross Section of Stomach

Laparotomy Any surgical opening

into the abdominal cavity

Gastrectomy Non-specific

term for removal of part or all of the stomach.

Gastroenterostomy Surgical creation of an anastomosis

between stomach and portion of intestine, generally performed following a subtotal gastrectomy to regain continuity or bypass.

Fundoplication A procedure used in

treating the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus.

It’s a surgical reduction of size of the opening

into fundus of the stomach The fundus of the stomach is passed

posteriorly around the distal esophagus, proximal to the weakened cardiac sphincter. The fundus is wrapped in weakened area, forming the fundoplication.

Vagotomy Surgical removal of division of vagus nerve to reduce

secretion of hydrochloric acid, usually done in connection with a subtotal gastrectomy or pyloroplasty.

Cholecystectomy Resection of gall bladder. Frequently

performed for cholecystitis or cholelithiasis.

Cholecystitis Inflammation of the gall bladder

Cholecystolithiasis Presence of one or more Gall-stones in gall bladder.

Total Colectomy Complete removal of colon

Female Reproductive System

EPISIOTOMY

An episiotomy is an surgical incision through the perineum made to enlarge the

vagina and assist childbirth.

Salpingectomy Resection of fallopian tube. Frequently

performed for tubular pregnancy

Oophrectomy Resection of an ovary.

Myomectomy Excision of a muscle tumor of the uterus

through hystectomy

D & C

Caesarean Section Delivery of fetus through an abdominal

incision and hystectomy

Module 3: Basics of Suture