MARY CURRAN MN,RN8/2011

Leadership&

Management

Leadership and Management

Leadership The art of getting others to want to do something you

are convinced should be doneManagement

Handles the day-to-day operations to achieve a desired outcome

Leadership

Comes 1st Is doing the right thingEstablish vision & goals for an organization &

ability to execute themUses role modeling to influence others

Management

Comes 2nd

Is doing things rightPlan, organize, motivate, manage personnel

& material resources of an organization Coordinates & controls the work of others

Shared Skills

Role modelEducatorAdvocateDecision makerPlannerCounselorChange agent

Characteristics of an Effective Manager

Desire & comfort with roleTrust own judgmentStress management skillsMotivatorHandle different situations Competent decision makingChannel others’ feelings & hostility

Characteristics of an Effective Leader

Self confidenceSelf awarenessStrong personal valuesValues clarificationAdvocacyAccountability

Types of Leaders

Formal leader Office/nameplate

Informal leader Without an office Respected for personal

wisdom & willingness to share it

Role model excellent leadership daily

Everyone goes to this person for expert assistance

Hx of Nursing Leadership

Florence NightingaleLillian WaldMary BrewsterJean Watson

Different Types of Leadership Styles

The point of gaining some understanding into the different types of leadership styles is to know one when you see one and to know how to work most effectively with that person.

Leadership Styles

AutocraticBureaucratic DemocraticLaissez-FaireMulticratic or participative

Autocratic

Self directed Retains all authority and responsibility Makes decisions independently Concerned primarily with tasks and goal

accomplishment Assigns clearly defined tasks Establishes one-way communication with the group Little or no input from others Power struggle Excels in times of crisis (cardiac arrest) and in

situation of disorder (natural disasters)

Bureaucratic

Policy mindedRely on established protocols for decision

makingThis style is help for new graduates

Democratic

People-centered approach Allows employees more control and participation in

the decision-making process Gives suggestions & is more willing to share

information Emphasis is on team building and collaboration Atmosphere of mutual respect & shared responsibility Works best with mature employees who work well

together as groups Pleasant person to work with

Laissez-Faire

“Free-run style” or permissive leadership Relinquishes control completely Chooses to avoid responsibility by delegating all

decision making to the group Wants everyone to feel free to “do their own thing” May work well with highly motivated professional

groups Those that need structure may not enjoy working

under this leadership style

Multicratic or participative

Between autocratic & democraticActive role in decision making Empowering environmentShared informationEncourages social & self esteem levels of

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Caring

Leadership and Management

Situational Leadership Takes into account the style of the leader, the maturity

of the group, and the situation at hand to form a comprehensive approach

Four typical styles Directing

Provides specific instructions and supervises the accomplishment of tasks

New employees, employees with repeated performance problems, and crisis work situations

Leadership and Management

Situational Leadership (continued) Four typical styles (continued)

Supporting Supports the efforts of others, facilitates their goal

accomplishment, and shares responsibility for decision making

Values growth and not perfection, collaboration and not competition

Delegating Gives responsibility for decision making and problem

solving to mature staff who have demonstrated their competence

Leadership and Management

Situational Leadership (continued) Four typical styles (continued)

Coaching Monitors the accomplishment of tasks while also

explaining decisions, asking for feedback or suggestions, and recognizing good performance

Typically, leader and staff have have jointly developed a work plan.

Leadership and Management

Team Leading Assisting and guiding the nursing team in providing

care for a select group of patients Duties

Receive reports on assigned patients Make assignments for team members Make rounds and assess all assigned patients Assist in administering medications and treatments Confer with team members on priority patients

Leadership and Management

Time Management Using time to good advantage will be of great value. Learn effective time management skills, and practice

them frequently until they become fully developed. These skills will help you manage not only at work but

also in daily living.

What type of leader are you?

References

Anderson, Mary Ann (2005). Nursing Leadership, Management, & Professional Practice for the LPN/LVN: In Nursing School & Beyond 3rd Ed. Philadelphia: FA Davis

Rosdahl, C. B & Kowalski, M. T. (2003). Textbook of Basic Nursing 8th Ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.