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The images used appear to be in the public domain. If any picture is used inappropriately, please let me
know I will correct it immediately.
"The happiest moments of my life have been the few which I have passed at home in the bosom of my family."
-- Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson
According to many recent studies of well-being one of the most important factor in providing happiness is close social relations particularly in the family. People who are married are happier than those who are not.
Christopher Lasch begins his book with this question:
‘why has family life become so painful, marriage so fragile, relations between
parents and children so full of
recrimination?’ (p.xiv)
• The community, the lord, the parents decided a good match for their children
• Marriage was not based on love. Husbands and wives were generally strangers until they first met. If love was involved at all it came after the couple had been married.
• The arrangement of the marriage was based on monetary worth• Girls could be 12 years old and boys 17 when they married
Arranged Medieval Marriage:A Matter of Politics and Property
Luther Paves the Way
MartinKatharina
von Bora
Ordered by Father By attraction
Political Reason
Presentation of Marie de Medici’s Portrait to Henri IV Wedding by Proxy of Marie de’ Medici to King Henri IV, 1606
Charlotte de Montmorency
Long Distance Marriage for Diplomatic Reasons Flounders She is fifteen and he is 57
Henry IV
William Hogarth, Marriage à la Mode, 1743
Lawyer Silvertongue
Lord Squanderfield
SonSquanderfield
Bride Father ofBride
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marriage_%C3%A0-la-mode
Scene 2, Shortly after Marriage. Exhausted husband from a night on the town –(brothel?). Lady’s cap in his master’s pocket. It is breakfast time, the woman is already tired. There was card playing in night. The butler is disgusted: The household is in chaos. The butler leaves despairingly, a clutch of bills
Religious pictures
Behind curtain erotic picture
The Visit to the Quack DoctorCount visiting an avaricious doctor with two women, to determine who gave him a sexual disease
The Countess’s Levee (Toilette) Marriage a la Mode, Scene 4She is now a countess and mother. The lawyer Silvertongue invites her to a masquerade
'Jupiter and Io‘
'Lot and his Daughters'
Lawyer Silvertongue
Countess
husband
The Death of the Earl, Count catches his wife with her lover, Lover kills Husband. As she comforts the stricken man, the murderer in his nightshirt makes a hasty exit through her bedroom window.
The Suicide of the Countess, Countess poisons herself in her grief and poverty-stricken widowhood, after her lover is hanged for murdering her husband.
The 18th Century
the small nuclear families emerged. They were a product of a greater freedom in individual choice (young men set up business/farm and get married; They marry women who could help their business; together they take advantage of the economic opportunities made available
Marriage based on Romantic Love:•Idealization of the loved one•Notion of a one and only•Love at first sight•Love winning out over all•An indulgence of personal emotion
•Work (Public Sphere) was separated from the Home (Private Sphere), more individualized, more child-centered
•together with this new notion of childhood, the modern
wife emerged; woman as the object of adoration and protection (romantic love), and she was then the custodian of family/home as a sanctified sphere
• women’s child-nourishing responsibilities were elevated to supreme virtues, and true womanhood was about piety, submissiveness, gentleness and purity; sex (to be hidden from the innocent children) is to be confined to marriage and family
•Gender bias: Man the Breadwinner and worker in the Public Sphere
In India– People in arranged marriages reported more romantic love after 5 yrs of marriage– than People who married for love (Gupta & Singh, 1982)
The Donna Reed Show, The Donna Reed Show, 1958-1958-19661966
Leave It Leave It to Beaverto Beaver1957-19631957-1963
FatherFather Knows Best, Knows Best,1954-1954-19581958
The Ozzie & Harriet The Ozzie & Harriet ShowShow
1952-19661952-1966
Toward the End of the Victorian – Traditional Family
Family……………TransformationSexual…………..Revolution Feminist Movement
Ecology MovementWar Protest MovementDrug Revolution
Birth years: 1946 – 1964; Formative years: ’50s to early ’80s
The Median Age at Which Americans Marry for the First Time
is Rising
NeverMarried
Playing with fire
10 times more common than 30 years ago
About 40% will be at one time or other in a cohabiting family
The divorce rate in the US has risen fivefold since 1910
Current divorce rates imply that half of all marriage will end in
divorce
What Percentage of Americans are Divorced?
ROMANTIC LOVE primary bond holding couple together
INDIVIDUALISM personal needs to be met
GENDER ROLESIMPACT OF WOMEN’S GROWING INDEPENDENCE AND CAREER ORIENTATION
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONSCHANGES IN LAWS, RELIGION AND THE FAMILY HAVE AFFECTED DIVORCE. “NO-FAULT DIVORCES”
VALUES AND NORMSDIVORCE DOES NOT HOLD THE STIGMA IT ONCE DID FOR THOSE INVOLVED
TEENAGE MARRIAGEREALITY SETTLES IN VERY QUICKLY
PARENTAL DIVORCE. DID ONE OR BOTH PERSONS EXPERIENCE DIVORCE AS CHILDREN?
REMARRIED COUPLES. Remarried have higher divorce rate
HIGH EXPECTATIONS. High expectations not met lead to divorce
LIMITED ECONOMIC RESOURCES
If a WIFE EARNS MORE than her husband the likelihood of divorce increases
If WIFE IS IN POOR HEALTH divorce is more likely
The more housework a wife does, the less likely a couple will divorce
Shawn Southwick (1997 – present)Julie Alexander (1989 – 1992; div.)Sharon Lepore (1976 – 1984; div.)Alene Akins (1967 – 1972; 2nd div.)Mickey Sutphin (1963 – 1967; div.) SAlene Akins (1961 – 1963; div.)Frada Miller (1952 – 1953; annull.)Annette Kaye; (Dates Unknown; divorced)
King has been married eight times to seven
women
Larry King
Serial Monogamya form of monogamy characterized by several successive, short-term marriages over the course of a lifetime.
http://www.answers.com/topic/larry-king
Single men with children as % of all families with children
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
B DK D GR E F IRL I L NL P UK SF N S CH USA CND
% 1981
1991
Single women with children as % of all families with children
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
B DK D GR E F IRL I L NL P UK SF N S CH USA CND
%1981
1991
1960 1995
Giovanni Arnolfini and Giovanni Arnolfini and His WifeHis Wife
(Wedding Portrait)(Wedding Portrait)
Jan Van EyckJan Van Eyck
14341434
http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&source=hp&q=Giovanni+Arnolfini+and+His+Wife%2C+ppt&btnG=Google+Search&aq=f&oq=&aqi=
Green dress
-hope
white cap –
purity
red curtains- physical love,
carnal union
The small medallions are from the Passion of Christ, represent God’s
promise of salvation for the figures reflected on the mirror’s convex
surface, which in turn, represent the eye of God observing the vows
of the wedding.
Jan van Eyck’s message (symbolism)
The single burning candle in the chandelier represents "the ever present Jesus Christ in the marriage”
The cast off shoes indicate the bride and groom stand on holy ground as they are married.
The dog represents the faithfulness in marriage.
Jan van Eyck’s message (symbolism) cont.
The mirror, like the chandelier and candle, represent God's all-seeing eye.
The oranges probably represent fertility and prosperity.
The small statue on the bed post is of Saint Margaret, who is the patron saint of childbirth.
Jan van Eyck’s message (symbolism) cont.
In the Beginning, at Creation, before the entrance of sin God established the Monogamous Family
Gen. 2:18-25
At the End of Time, and in Revelation 22: 16 there is the image of Monogamy again as the “The Spirit and the Bride say ‘Come (Lamb [Bridegroom]”
After the Fall, the families of the Bible are as diverse as those of our era. If we want our families to be biblical, which biblical family do we have in mind? Genesis, chapters 2, 16 and 29, I Kings 11, and the book of Ruth
Adam and Eve,Abraham, Sarah and his concubine Hagar? Jacob and his two wives Leah and Rachel? King Solomon and his seven hundred wives?Or Ruth and her mother-in-law Naomi Or shall we emulate the apostle Paul, who advised Christians that it is better to remain unmarried? 1 Cor 7:7-9